MEDSURG VATI ASSESSMENT EXAM 2025-2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEW UPDATE
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has hypertension and a prescription for Lisinopril.
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching
- Avoid drinking grape fruit juice with the medication
-Expect an photo-sensitivity to light
_ Increase potassium rich food with each meal
- Report a persistent cough - answer>>>Report a persistent cough
Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that is used to treat hypertension or heart failure. A persistent, dry cough is
an adverse effect of lisinopril, and the client should report the finding to the provider. After
discontinuation of the medication, the cough should subside within 10 days.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peripheral IV therapy. The nurse notes that the IV
site is red, warm, and painful to the touch. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- Discontinue the IV and apply a warm, moist compress to the site - answer>>>- Discontinue the IV and
apply a warm, moist compress to the site
Complications of intravenous therapy involve inflammation of the vein, phlebitis, and can include the
presence of clots or thrombophlebitis. Manifestations of these complications include pain at the IV site,
along with redness and warmth. The nurse should stop the infusion, remove the IV, inspect the catheter
to ensure it is intact, and apply a warm, moist compress to the area.
A nurse is caring for a client who has type1 diabetes mellitus and has undergone a below the knee
amputation. Which of the following is the highest priority findings
- Skin flap of the residual limb is cool to the touch - answer>>>- Skin flap of the residual limb is cool to
the touch
When using the urgent vs. nonurgent approach to client care, the nurse should determine that the
priority finding is that the skin flap of the residual limb is cool to the touch. The nurse should
immediately report this finding to the provider. The skin flap of the residual limb should be warm to the
touch, indicating adequate tissue perfusion.
,A nurse is reinforcing teaching before preforming a 12 lead ECG for a client who has angina pectoris.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching
- Lie still and relax for the procedure - answer>>>- Lie still and relax for the procedure
The nurse should instruct the client to relax and remain still during the recording of the ECG because
movement and tense muscles can interfere with the results of the ECG. An ECG is a recording of the
client's electrical activity of the heart. The electrical activity of the heart is detected by electrodes that
are placed on the client's trunk and extremities in specific locations.
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is in skeletal traction. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include
- Keep the clients body centered in the bed - answer>>>- Keep the clients body centered in the bed
The nurse should keep the client's body centered on the bed to maintain alignment of the body with the
direction of the pull of traction. This will ensure continued alignment of the bone.
A nurse is assisting a client who is on bed rest to preform isometric exercises. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take
- Instruct the client to tighten and then relax muscles repeatedly - answer>>>- Instruct the client to
tighten and then relax muscles repeatedly
The nurse should instruct the client to perform isometric exercises by holding muscles tight for 5
seconds and then relaxing them. This form of exercise involves static contraction of a muscle without
any movement of the joint. Immobility can cause systemic physiologic effects such as increased heart
rate, increased bone demineralization, decreased muscle strength, joint contractures, and activity
intolerance. Isometric exercises increase muscle mass, tone, and strength while promoting circulation.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for Simvastin. Which of the
following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching
- Myalgia - answer>>>Myalgia
Simvastatin is a lipid-lowering agent used to treat hypercholesteremia. Adverse effects of the
medication include myalgia, which is muscle pain, and rhabdomyolysis, a life-threatening destruction of
, muscle tissue. The nurse should instruct the client to report the onset of muscle pain, tenderness, and
weakness to the provider immediately.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the prevention of STI's with a client who is sexually active.
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching
- Inserting polyurethane female condom is effectivefor prevention of STI's - answer>>>- Inserting
polyurethane female condom is effective for prevention of STI's
The nurse should reinforce that polyurethane female condoms are effective in preventing STIs, including
HIV.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for an EEG. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching
- Shampoo your hair the night before - answer>>>- Shampoo your hair the night before
The nurse should instruct the client to shampoo her hair to remove any oils or residue from styling
products that might interfere with the adhesion of the scalp electrodes. Electrodes are attached to the
client's scalp using electrode paste. An EEG is a diagnostic test that determines electrical activity in the
brain and identifies the presence of seizures or other conditions involving the cortex of the brain.
A nurse is assisting a client to move from a bed to a wheelchair. The client had a total knee arthroplasty
2 days ago and reports generalized weakness. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the
nurse
-Place the wheelchair at 90 angle to the bed
- Lock the wheels of the bed and the wheelchair
- ask the client to place the foot of the eaker leg beneath the edge og the bed
_ Elevate the bed to position of comfort for the nurse - answer>>>- Lock the wheels of the bed and the
wheelchair
The nurse should always keep the wheels of the bed and wheelchair in the locked position to prevent
them from moving when transferring a client.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEW UPDATE
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has hypertension and a prescription for Lisinopril.
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching
- Avoid drinking grape fruit juice with the medication
-Expect an photo-sensitivity to light
_ Increase potassium rich food with each meal
- Report a persistent cough - answer>>>Report a persistent cough
Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that is used to treat hypertension or heart failure. A persistent, dry cough is
an adverse effect of lisinopril, and the client should report the finding to the provider. After
discontinuation of the medication, the cough should subside within 10 days.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peripheral IV therapy. The nurse notes that the IV
site is red, warm, and painful to the touch. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- Discontinue the IV and apply a warm, moist compress to the site - answer>>>- Discontinue the IV and
apply a warm, moist compress to the site
Complications of intravenous therapy involve inflammation of the vein, phlebitis, and can include the
presence of clots or thrombophlebitis. Manifestations of these complications include pain at the IV site,
along with redness and warmth. The nurse should stop the infusion, remove the IV, inspect the catheter
to ensure it is intact, and apply a warm, moist compress to the area.
A nurse is caring for a client who has type1 diabetes mellitus and has undergone a below the knee
amputation. Which of the following is the highest priority findings
- Skin flap of the residual limb is cool to the touch - answer>>>- Skin flap of the residual limb is cool to
the touch
When using the urgent vs. nonurgent approach to client care, the nurse should determine that the
priority finding is that the skin flap of the residual limb is cool to the touch. The nurse should
immediately report this finding to the provider. The skin flap of the residual limb should be warm to the
touch, indicating adequate tissue perfusion.
,A nurse is reinforcing teaching before preforming a 12 lead ECG for a client who has angina pectoris.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching
- Lie still and relax for the procedure - answer>>>- Lie still and relax for the procedure
The nurse should instruct the client to relax and remain still during the recording of the ECG because
movement and tense muscles can interfere with the results of the ECG. An ECG is a recording of the
client's electrical activity of the heart. The electrical activity of the heart is detected by electrodes that
are placed on the client's trunk and extremities in specific locations.
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is in skeletal traction. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include
- Keep the clients body centered in the bed - answer>>>- Keep the clients body centered in the bed
The nurse should keep the client's body centered on the bed to maintain alignment of the body with the
direction of the pull of traction. This will ensure continued alignment of the bone.
A nurse is assisting a client who is on bed rest to preform isometric exercises. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take
- Instruct the client to tighten and then relax muscles repeatedly - answer>>>- Instruct the client to
tighten and then relax muscles repeatedly
The nurse should instruct the client to perform isometric exercises by holding muscles tight for 5
seconds and then relaxing them. This form of exercise involves static contraction of a muscle without
any movement of the joint. Immobility can cause systemic physiologic effects such as increased heart
rate, increased bone demineralization, decreased muscle strength, joint contractures, and activity
intolerance. Isometric exercises increase muscle mass, tone, and strength while promoting circulation.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for Simvastin. Which of the
following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching
- Myalgia - answer>>>Myalgia
Simvastatin is a lipid-lowering agent used to treat hypercholesteremia. Adverse effects of the
medication include myalgia, which is muscle pain, and rhabdomyolysis, a life-threatening destruction of
, muscle tissue. The nurse should instruct the client to report the onset of muscle pain, tenderness, and
weakness to the provider immediately.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the prevention of STI's with a client who is sexually active.
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching
- Inserting polyurethane female condom is effectivefor prevention of STI's - answer>>>- Inserting
polyurethane female condom is effective for prevention of STI's
The nurse should reinforce that polyurethane female condoms are effective in preventing STIs, including
HIV.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for an EEG. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching
- Shampoo your hair the night before - answer>>>- Shampoo your hair the night before
The nurse should instruct the client to shampoo her hair to remove any oils or residue from styling
products that might interfere with the adhesion of the scalp electrodes. Electrodes are attached to the
client's scalp using electrode paste. An EEG is a diagnostic test that determines electrical activity in the
brain and identifies the presence of seizures or other conditions involving the cortex of the brain.
A nurse is assisting a client to move from a bed to a wheelchair. The client had a total knee arthroplasty
2 days ago and reports generalized weakness. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the
nurse
-Place the wheelchair at 90 angle to the bed
- Lock the wheels of the bed and the wheelchair
- ask the client to place the foot of the eaker leg beneath the edge og the bed
_ Elevate the bed to position of comfort for the nurse - answer>>>- Lock the wheels of the bed and the
wheelchair
The nurse should always keep the wheels of the bed and wheelchair in the locked position to prevent
them from moving when transferring a client.
