Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
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Clinical Practice 2nd Edition Tkacs Test Bank -Questions
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with Answer Key At the end of Every Chapter, All Updated
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Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
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PRACTICE
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1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
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A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
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momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes
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localized:
g
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin. g
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
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leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
numbers?
g
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
,4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
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step in the process?
g g g g
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing g
C) Antigen margination g
D) Recognition and adherence g g
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
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permeability and pain?
g g g
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide g
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
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gfollowing exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
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A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
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of inflammation and includes:
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A) fever and lethargy. g g
B) decreased C-reactive protein. g g
C) positive nitrogen balance. g g
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
g g g
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
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gwhich of the following phenomena?
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,A) Profuse fibrinous exudation g g
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
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C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis g g g
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages g g g
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood
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lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
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A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
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B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. g g g
C) block viral replication in cells.
g g g g
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
g g
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
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. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
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gin the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
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goccur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
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A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces g g g g g
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium g g g g g
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris g g g
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
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. experiencing chronic inflammation? g g
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
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B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
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C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
g g g g g g g g g g g
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
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12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
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.
A) 35.9C (96.6F) g
, B) 38.0C (100.4F) g
C) 35.5C (95.9F) g
D) 37.3C (99.1F) g
13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
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. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely to
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be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
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A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts g g g g
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air g g g g
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles g g g
D) Decreased urine production g g
14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a
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. draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while she
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sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss is
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gmost likely the primary cause of her request?
g g g g g g g
A) Evaporation and conduction g g
B) Radiation and convection g g
C) Conduction and convection g g
D) Convection and evaporation g g
15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of inducing
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. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
g g g g g g g
A) Acute inflammation g
B) Obesity
C) Myocardial infarction g
D) Malignancy
E) Renal failure g
16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
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. developing a neurogenic fever? g g g
g g g g g g
Clinical Practice 2nd Edition Tkacs Test Bank -Questions
g g g g g g g g g
with Answer Key At the end of Every Chapter, All Updated
g g g g g g g g g g g
Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL
g g g g g g
PRACTICE
g
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
g g g g g g g g
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
g g g g g g g g g
momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes
g g g g g g g
localized:
g
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin. g
D) coolness.
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
g g g g g g g g g g g
leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
numbers?
g
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
,4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
g g g g g g g g g g
step in the process?
g g g g
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing g
C) Antigen margination g
D) Recognition and adherence g g
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
g g g g g g g g g
permeability and pain?
g g g
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide g
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
g g g g g g g g g g
gfollowing exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
g g g g g g g
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
g g g g g g g g g g
of inflammation and includes:
g g g g
A) fever and lethargy. g g
B) decreased C-reactive protein. g g
C) positive nitrogen balance. g g
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
g g g
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
g g g g g g g g g
gwhich of the following phenomena?
g g g g
,A) Profuse fibrinous exudation g g
B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
g g g g g g
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis g g g
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages g g g
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood
g g g g g g g g g g
lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
g g g g g g g g
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
g g g g g
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. g g g
C) block viral replication in cells.
g g g g
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
g g
10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
g g g g g g g g g g g g
gin the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
g g g g g g g g g g g
goccur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
g g g g g g g g
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces g g g g g
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium g g g g g
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris g g g
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
g g g g g g g g g g g
. experiencing chronic inflammation? g g
A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
g g g g g g g g g g
B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
g g g g g g g g g
C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
g g g g g g g g g g g
D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
g g g g g g g g g g g
12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
g g g g g g g g g g
.
A) 35.9C (96.6F) g
, B) 38.0C (100.4F) g
C) 35.5C (95.9F) g
D) 37.3C (99.1F) g
13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
g g g g g g g g g g
. states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likely to
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat loss?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts g g g g
B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air g g g g
C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles g g g
D) Decreased urine production g g
14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
. draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while she
g g g g g g g g g g g g
sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss is
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
gmost likely the primary cause of her request?
g g g g g g g
A) Evaporation and conduction g g
B) Radiation and convection g g
C) Conduction and convection g g
D) Convection and evaporation g g
15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of inducing
g g g g g g g g g
. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
g g g g g g g
A) Acute inflammation g
B) Obesity
C) Myocardial infarction g
D) Malignancy
E) Renal failure g
16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
g g g g g g g g g g g
. developing a neurogenic fever? g g g
