NUR 508 Exam 2 For Dr. Stewart Spring 23 With complete Questions and answers Newest

NUR 508 Exam 2 For Dr. Stewart Spring 23
With complete Questions and answers Newest

What is the diagnostic testing for an AKI?
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-GFR: used to monitor improvement
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-biopsy: best for confirming intrarenal cause II! II! II! II! II!




-CT scan: very helpful
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-creatinine: only helpful after 50% loss in function II! II! II! II! II! II! II!




What are some nephrotoxic drugs?II! II! II! II!




-NSAIDs
-ACE inhibitors or ARBs
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-herbals

Which 2 main medications can help hyperkalemia?
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-1st line: 10 units of insulin + amp of D50 (very fast and causes fluid shift)
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-Kayexalate: PO med that causes diarrhea to reduce K level II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!




What is the main ECG change d/t hyperkalemia and why are you watching for it?
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-may see T elevation II! II! II!




-you monitor the ECG changes to indicate a need for labs
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What is the etiology of postrenal AKI and what are the main treatments?
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-usually d/t outflow obstruction (d/t BPH, prostate cancer, calculi, trauma)
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-causes pressure to increase in nephrons d/t backup and reduces GFR
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-Dx study: CT scan
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-Tx: foley catheter (usually we try not to use foleys but this is one time they NEED it)
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What is oliguria and how is it looked at in terms of diagnosing AKIs?
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-a reduction in urine output
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-oliguric: 55-85% reduction (less than 400-500 mL/day) II! II! II! II! II! II!




-non-oliguric: 15-45% reduction II! II!




-anuria: no urine output II! II! II!




What are some manifestations of the oliguric phase of AKI?
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, -<400 mL/day urine output II! II! II!




-Kussmaul's
-fluid excess (pulmonary edema, JVD, HTN)
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-elevated BUN and Crt II! II! II!




-weakness, fatigue, etc II! II!




What are some manifestations of hyperkalemia?
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-elevated T wave II! II!




-weakness

How is effluent used in peritoneal dialysis?
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uses diffusion to rid the body of toxins by infusing the effluent into the peritoneal cavity
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What are some education points for Pts doing peritoneal dialysis?
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-no tub baths
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-warmed to body temp before infusion for comfort and because it pulls more waste that way
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-should drain more than instilled II! II! II! II!




-turn Pt side to side if it stops draining
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What are some manifestations of peritonitis?
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-abdominal pain II!




-cloudy effluent II!




-tachycardia

What should the nurse assess for after AV fistula creation?
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bruit and thrill should be able to be auscultated and palpated
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What is the main educational point about fistulas or grafts?
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no BP, IV, or venipuncture in that arm
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What are some nursing considerations with CRRT?
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-firm pressure after dialysis is done to prevent bleeding
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-VS and CRRT volume numbers q1h
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-electrolytes and ABG q6h II! II! II!




-daily weights II!




-1:1 patient care
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What are some complications of CRRT?
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