1. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed an opioid
analgesic for pain management. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care to
prevent constipation?
A. Increase fluid intake
B. Restrict dietary fiber
C. Administer a laxative with each dose of medication
D. Encourage a low-protein diet
Answer: a) Increase fluid intake
Rationale: Opioids can cause constipation, and increasing
fluid intake and dietary fiber can help prevent this adverse
effect.
2. A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. The
nurse should monitor the client for which of the following
complications?
A. Thrombocytosis
B. Leukocytosis
C. Neutropenia
D. Hyperlipidemia
Answer: c) Neutropenia
Rationale: Chemotherapy can cause neutropenia, a
reduction in neutrophils, making the client more susceptible
to infections.
3. A nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis who is
prescribed isoniazid. The nurse should instruct the client to
report which of the following symptoms immediately?
A. Nausea and vomiting
B. Yellowing of the skin or eyes
,C. Dizziness
D. Muscle pain
Answer: b) Yellowing of the skin or eyes
Rationale: Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice) can
indicate hepatotoxicity, a serious side effect of isoniazid.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of furosemide
for heart failure. The nurse should include which of the
following instructions?
A. "Take this medication in the evening to prevent nocturia."
B. "Increase your potassium intake while taking this
medication."
C. "This medication can be stopped abruptly once your
symptoms improve."
D. "Limit your fluid intake while taking this medication."
Answer: b) "Increase your potassium intake while taking
this medication."
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, so it is important to increase potassium
intake or consider potassium supplementation.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
, 6. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed a beta-
blocker for hypertension. Which of the following statements
indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should monitor my heart rate regularly."
B. "I can stop taking this medication if I feel tired."
C. "I may feel lightheaded when I stand up."
D. "I should avoid getting up too quickly."
Answer: b) "I can stop taking this medication if I feel tired."
Rationale: Beta-blockers should not be stopped abruptly, as
this can cause rebound hypertension. The client should be
instructed to follow the provider's guidance on tapering the
medication.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving lisinopril for
hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Weight loss
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause
hyperkalemia due to its effect on aldosterone secretion. The
nurse should monitor potassium levels.
8. A nurse is caring for a client receiving antibiotics for a
urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent crystal
formation."
B. "Avoid citrus fruits while taking this medication."
analgesic for pain management. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care to
prevent constipation?
A. Increase fluid intake
B. Restrict dietary fiber
C. Administer a laxative with each dose of medication
D. Encourage a low-protein diet
Answer: a) Increase fluid intake
Rationale: Opioids can cause constipation, and increasing
fluid intake and dietary fiber can help prevent this adverse
effect.
2. A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. The
nurse should monitor the client for which of the following
complications?
A. Thrombocytosis
B. Leukocytosis
C. Neutropenia
D. Hyperlipidemia
Answer: c) Neutropenia
Rationale: Chemotherapy can cause neutropenia, a
reduction in neutrophils, making the client more susceptible
to infections.
3. A nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis who is
prescribed isoniazid. The nurse should instruct the client to
report which of the following symptoms immediately?
A. Nausea and vomiting
B. Yellowing of the skin or eyes
,C. Dizziness
D. Muscle pain
Answer: b) Yellowing of the skin or eyes
Rationale: Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice) can
indicate hepatotoxicity, a serious side effect of isoniazid.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of furosemide
for heart failure. The nurse should include which of the
following instructions?
A. "Take this medication in the evening to prevent nocturia."
B. "Increase your potassium intake while taking this
medication."
C. "This medication can be stopped abruptly once your
symptoms improve."
D. "Limit your fluid intake while taking this medication."
Answer: b) "Increase your potassium intake while taking
this medication."
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, so it is important to increase potassium
intake or consider potassium supplementation.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
, 6. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed a beta-
blocker for hypertension. Which of the following statements
indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should monitor my heart rate regularly."
B. "I can stop taking this medication if I feel tired."
C. "I may feel lightheaded when I stand up."
D. "I should avoid getting up too quickly."
Answer: b) "I can stop taking this medication if I feel tired."
Rationale: Beta-blockers should not be stopped abruptly, as
this can cause rebound hypertension. The client should be
instructed to follow the provider's guidance on tapering the
medication.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving lisinopril for
hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Weight loss
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause
hyperkalemia due to its effect on aldosterone secretion. The
nurse should monitor potassium levels.
8. A nurse is caring for a client receiving antibiotics for a
urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent crystal
formation."
B. "Avoid citrus fruits while taking this medication."
