NSG-316 Topic 4 Exam Questions
Marking Scheme New Update
skin turgor - Answer- ✔✔skin's ability to return to place promptly when released
poor turgor can be caused by dehydration or weight loss, pinched skin recedes slowly
or stands by itself
seen on hand or clavicle
ACBDE - Answer- ✔✔Asymmetry
Color
Border
Diameter (<6 mm)
Elevation
clubbing - Answer- ✔✔angle of the nail is greater than 180 degrees
spooning - Answer- ✔✔nail curves inward
capillary refill - Answer- ✔✔depress the nail and release, noting the color change from
pale to pink
indicates peripheral circulation
normal: 1-2 seconds
abnormal: cyanotic nails or >2 seconds return
edema - Answer- ✔✔localized swelling
scale:
1+ Mild pitting
2+ Moderate pitting
3+ Deep pitting
4+ Very deep pitting
primary lesions - Answer- ✔✔develop on previously unaltered skin
usually from sun exposure
doesn't look like the others
papule - Answer- ✔✔moles, warts
can feel, solid, circumscribed, raised, <1 cm
caused by superficial thickening of dermis
nodule - Answer- ✔✔elevated, > 1cm, filled with fluid hard or soft, circumscribed, may
extend into dermis
xanthoma
, wheal - Answer- ✔✔superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous, slightly irregular
shape
come together = hives(urticaria)
ex: mosquito bite
vesicle - Answer- ✔✔up to 1 cm, blister like
contains fluid
ex: chicken pox, shingles, contact dermatitis
secondary lesions - Answer- ✔✔When a lesion changes over time or changes because
of a factor such as scratching or infection
ex: rashes, ulcer, scaling, fissure, erosionx
petechiae - Answer- ✔✔tiny punctate hemorrhages(1-3mm)
dark, red, purple/brown
bleeding from superficial capillaries
purpura - Answer- ✔✔Confluent and extensive patch of petechiae and ecchymoses
>3 mm
petechiae gone wild
cause: thrombocytopenia, scurvy, old age
ecchymosis - Answer- ✔✔bruise, purplish patch resulting from extravasion of blood into
skin
>3mm
angioma - Answer- ✔✔benign tumor derived from cells of the vascular/lymphatic vessel
walls
small, smooth, slightly raised
red in color
seborrhea - Answer- ✔✔oily skin
xerosis - Answer- ✔✔dry skin
alopecia - Answer- ✔✔hair loss
hirsutism - Answer- ✔✔excessive hair growth in females forming male sex pattern
pallor - Answer- ✔✔paleness
decreased hematocrit/ perfusion
cyanosis - Answer- ✔✔bluish discoloration of the skin
indicates hypoxemia
Marking Scheme New Update
skin turgor - Answer- ✔✔skin's ability to return to place promptly when released
poor turgor can be caused by dehydration or weight loss, pinched skin recedes slowly
or stands by itself
seen on hand or clavicle
ACBDE - Answer- ✔✔Asymmetry
Color
Border
Diameter (<6 mm)
Elevation
clubbing - Answer- ✔✔angle of the nail is greater than 180 degrees
spooning - Answer- ✔✔nail curves inward
capillary refill - Answer- ✔✔depress the nail and release, noting the color change from
pale to pink
indicates peripheral circulation
normal: 1-2 seconds
abnormal: cyanotic nails or >2 seconds return
edema - Answer- ✔✔localized swelling
scale:
1+ Mild pitting
2+ Moderate pitting
3+ Deep pitting
4+ Very deep pitting
primary lesions - Answer- ✔✔develop on previously unaltered skin
usually from sun exposure
doesn't look like the others
papule - Answer- ✔✔moles, warts
can feel, solid, circumscribed, raised, <1 cm
caused by superficial thickening of dermis
nodule - Answer- ✔✔elevated, > 1cm, filled with fluid hard or soft, circumscribed, may
extend into dermis
xanthoma
, wheal - Answer- ✔✔superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous, slightly irregular
shape
come together = hives(urticaria)
ex: mosquito bite
vesicle - Answer- ✔✔up to 1 cm, blister like
contains fluid
ex: chicken pox, shingles, contact dermatitis
secondary lesions - Answer- ✔✔When a lesion changes over time or changes because
of a factor such as scratching or infection
ex: rashes, ulcer, scaling, fissure, erosionx
petechiae - Answer- ✔✔tiny punctate hemorrhages(1-3mm)
dark, red, purple/brown
bleeding from superficial capillaries
purpura - Answer- ✔✔Confluent and extensive patch of petechiae and ecchymoses
>3 mm
petechiae gone wild
cause: thrombocytopenia, scurvy, old age
ecchymosis - Answer- ✔✔bruise, purplish patch resulting from extravasion of blood into
skin
>3mm
angioma - Answer- ✔✔benign tumor derived from cells of the vascular/lymphatic vessel
walls
small, smooth, slightly raised
red in color
seborrhea - Answer- ✔✔oily skin
xerosis - Answer- ✔✔dry skin
alopecia - Answer- ✔✔hair loss
hirsutism - Answer- ✔✔excessive hair growth in females forming male sex pattern
pallor - Answer- ✔✔paleness
decreased hematocrit/ perfusion
cyanosis - Answer- ✔✔bluish discoloration of the skin
indicates hypoxemia
