HSAN Study Guide UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Explain why written policies are important in maintaining a safe and healthy child care program
- CORRECT ANSWER - They are important because they ensure that parents and
childcare professionals are aware of procedures and that everyone follows the same rules
Identify the characteristics of a healthy child care environment - CORRECT ANSWER -
Clean work and play areas, proper hygiene practices, implementation and routing practice of a
written health policy
List the three A's of a healthy child and describe each briefly - CORRECT ANSWER -
Appetite: Eat right amount of food at meal times, eat a variety of foods, has interest in eating,
appears content after meals and snacks
Appearance: Clear, bright eyes, clear skin, age appropriate muscles, gains steadily in height and
weight
Activity: Has lots of energy but not hyperactive, is alert, sleeps soundly, has few aches and pains
List some of the most common signs and symptoms you might see in a child who is experiencing
illness while in your care - CORRECT ANSWER - weepy or red eyes, sores, unusual
spots, rashes, looks tired, poor appetite, appears distressed
Define: Heat Exhaustion - CORRECT ANSWER - Symptoms may include excessive
sweating and a rapid pulse rate. Other symptoms may include: cool, moist skin, dizziness,
faintness, muscle cramps, headache, and nausea.
Define: Heat Stroke - CORRECT ANSWER - Occurs because of prolonged exposure to
very hot conditions. The mechanism in the brain that regulates body temperature stops
functioning, and the body's temperature rapidly rises to 104 degrees Fahrenheit. The person
becomes flushed, with hot, dry skin and a strong, rapid pulse. He or she quickly becomes
confused or unconscious
, Define: Dehydration - CORRECT ANSWER - Dry to very dry mouth. Little or no tears
when crying. Less active than usual, or very fussy. Infant will wet less than 6 diapers a day; a
child will make fewer trips to the restroom than he normally does. Eyes are sunken. Hands and
feet are cool and blotchy. Pulse may seem weak and fast. Child will not urinate for hours.
Define: Bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - Small organisms seen with an ordinary
microscope, can cause strep throat, impetigo, pinkeye, and some pneumonia. Antibiotics help
stop growth
Define: Virus - CORRECT ANSWER - Smaller than bacteria and grow only in living
cells. They can cause colds, chicken pox, measles, German measles, mumps. Antibiotics have no
effect, so rest is the best action; body fights better when rested.Vaccines against
common viruses are available
Define: Fungi - CORRECT ANSWER - Grow best in warm, moist places, can cause
athlete's foot and ringworm. Effective medication is available. Medications work best when
conditions favorable to fungal growth are removed
Define: Parasites - CORRECT ANSWER - Organisms that live on or in animals and
people. Common examples include pinworms, roundworms, head lice. Effective medications are
available for most
List the four methods through which diseases are transmitted - CORRECT ANSWER -
Respiratory, fecal/oral, direct contact, and blood borne
List three ways of preventing communicable disease. - CORRECT ANSWER - Isolation,
immunization, and sanitation
Define the term Standard Precautions and give three examples of how to use it in a child care
program. - CORRECT ANSWER - Standard Precautions are a set of infection control
practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood,
body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), and mucous membranes.
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Explain why written policies are important in maintaining a safe and healthy child care program
- CORRECT ANSWER - They are important because they ensure that parents and
childcare professionals are aware of procedures and that everyone follows the same rules
Identify the characteristics of a healthy child care environment - CORRECT ANSWER -
Clean work and play areas, proper hygiene practices, implementation and routing practice of a
written health policy
List the three A's of a healthy child and describe each briefly - CORRECT ANSWER -
Appetite: Eat right amount of food at meal times, eat a variety of foods, has interest in eating,
appears content after meals and snacks
Appearance: Clear, bright eyes, clear skin, age appropriate muscles, gains steadily in height and
weight
Activity: Has lots of energy but not hyperactive, is alert, sleeps soundly, has few aches and pains
List some of the most common signs and symptoms you might see in a child who is experiencing
illness while in your care - CORRECT ANSWER - weepy or red eyes, sores, unusual
spots, rashes, looks tired, poor appetite, appears distressed
Define: Heat Exhaustion - CORRECT ANSWER - Symptoms may include excessive
sweating and a rapid pulse rate. Other symptoms may include: cool, moist skin, dizziness,
faintness, muscle cramps, headache, and nausea.
Define: Heat Stroke - CORRECT ANSWER - Occurs because of prolonged exposure to
very hot conditions. The mechanism in the brain that regulates body temperature stops
functioning, and the body's temperature rapidly rises to 104 degrees Fahrenheit. The person
becomes flushed, with hot, dry skin and a strong, rapid pulse. He or she quickly becomes
confused or unconscious
, Define: Dehydration - CORRECT ANSWER - Dry to very dry mouth. Little or no tears
when crying. Less active than usual, or very fussy. Infant will wet less than 6 diapers a day; a
child will make fewer trips to the restroom than he normally does. Eyes are sunken. Hands and
feet are cool and blotchy. Pulse may seem weak and fast. Child will not urinate for hours.
Define: Bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - Small organisms seen with an ordinary
microscope, can cause strep throat, impetigo, pinkeye, and some pneumonia. Antibiotics help
stop growth
Define: Virus - CORRECT ANSWER - Smaller than bacteria and grow only in living
cells. They can cause colds, chicken pox, measles, German measles, mumps. Antibiotics have no
effect, so rest is the best action; body fights better when rested.Vaccines against
common viruses are available
Define: Fungi - CORRECT ANSWER - Grow best in warm, moist places, can cause
athlete's foot and ringworm. Effective medication is available. Medications work best when
conditions favorable to fungal growth are removed
Define: Parasites - CORRECT ANSWER - Organisms that live on or in animals and
people. Common examples include pinworms, roundworms, head lice. Effective medications are
available for most
List the four methods through which diseases are transmitted - CORRECT ANSWER -
Respiratory, fecal/oral, direct contact, and blood borne
List three ways of preventing communicable disease. - CORRECT ANSWER - Isolation,
immunization, and sanitation
Define the term Standard Precautions and give three examples of how to use it in a child care
program. - CORRECT ANSWER - Standard Precautions are a set of infection control
practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood,
body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), and mucous membranes.
