NST 10 MIDTERM #3 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Carcinogenesis
a. Is a multi-step process that usually takes years or decades in human epithelial
tissues to evolve into clinical cancer
b. Is correlated by epidemiological studies with various food practices, such as
cooking practices of meat and intake of fruits and vegetables
c. May involve alterations in detoxification enzymes in the liver, because metabolic
products generated in the body may be the active forms of various carcinogens
d. It cannot be prevented by foods unless they are anti-oxidants or otherwise inhibit
DNA damage
e. A, B and C - ANSWER-e
2. Which of the following is/are (an) example(s) of dietary carcinogen(s)?
a. Improperly stored peanuts
b. Cured or smoked meats
c. Raw brussel sprouts
d. Both a and b
e. Both a and c - ANSWER-d
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding osteoporosis?
a. Osteoporosis is more common in men than in women.
b. Osteoporosis reflects an increase in bone mass.
c. Osteoporosis is prevalent in younger populations.
d. People with osteoporosis have a higher risk of bone fractures.
e. Higher levels of estrogen during menopause can lead to higher risk of
osteoporosis. - ANSWER-d
4. How does increased cell division promote cancer progression?
a. It allows our body to age at a slower rate.
b. It allows clonal overgrowth and accumulation of multiple mutations in cell
subpopulations.
c. It allows genetic damage to be passed on to daughter cells before repair can
occur.
d. It does not; this mechanism would prevent cancer by allowing healthy cells to
predominate.
e. Both b and c - ANSWER-e
5. Which of the following is true about rickets?
1. Rickets can be caused by a lack of dietary calcium.
2. Rickets can be caused by a lack of vitamin D.
a. Only 1 is true.
b. Only 2 is true.
c. Both are true. - ANSWER-c
, 5. People who follow a vegan diet should be concerned about:
a. Adequate intake of vitamin B12
b. Increased risk of heart disease
c. Adequate intake of vitamin C
d. Increased risk of type 2 diabetes
e. Adequate intake of folate - ANSWER-a
6. Which nutrient is needed to prevent neural tube defects in infants?
a. Niacin
b. Folate
c. Riboflavin
d. Iron
e. Vitamin C - ANSWER-b
7. Uncontrolled gestational diabetes can result in:
a. Macrosomia, or large birth weight
b. Microsomia, or small birth weight
c. Increased risk of neural tube defects
d. Increased risk of anemia
e. Increased risk of nutrient deficiencies - ANSWER-a
8. Which of the following is NOT a principle of a healthful diet?
a. Adequacy
b. Moderation
c. Variation
d. Balance
e. Restriction - ANSWER-e
9. Which of the following is true regarding dietary supplements?
a. Supplements can promote healthy weight loss.
b. Supplements are regulated like prescription medications.
c. As long as a healthy diet is consumed, dietary supplements will never be needed.
d. Supplements are regulated by the FDA for effectiveness before they can be sold.
e. Multivitamins are the most popular dietary supplement. - ANSWER-e
10. Which of the following is true regarding fad diets?
a. Fad diets usually result in long-term maintenance of weight loss.
b. Fad diets are usually well-researched before they are shared with the public.
c. Fad diets never cause harmful side effects.
d. Fad diets usually involve restrictions.
e. Fad diets usually promote slow and steady weight loss. - ANSWER-d
11. Which of the following is a function of vitamin D?
a. Reduce urinary calcium levels
b. Decrease collagen synthesis by bone
c. Decrease blood calcium
d. Stimulate calcium absorption by the intestine
e. Promote phosphate loss from bone - ANSWER-d
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Carcinogenesis
a. Is a multi-step process that usually takes years or decades in human epithelial
tissues to evolve into clinical cancer
b. Is correlated by epidemiological studies with various food practices, such as
cooking practices of meat and intake of fruits and vegetables
c. May involve alterations in detoxification enzymes in the liver, because metabolic
products generated in the body may be the active forms of various carcinogens
d. It cannot be prevented by foods unless they are anti-oxidants or otherwise inhibit
DNA damage
e. A, B and C - ANSWER-e
2. Which of the following is/are (an) example(s) of dietary carcinogen(s)?
a. Improperly stored peanuts
b. Cured or smoked meats
c. Raw brussel sprouts
d. Both a and b
e. Both a and c - ANSWER-d
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding osteoporosis?
a. Osteoporosis is more common in men than in women.
b. Osteoporosis reflects an increase in bone mass.
c. Osteoporosis is prevalent in younger populations.
d. People with osteoporosis have a higher risk of bone fractures.
e. Higher levels of estrogen during menopause can lead to higher risk of
osteoporosis. - ANSWER-d
4. How does increased cell division promote cancer progression?
a. It allows our body to age at a slower rate.
b. It allows clonal overgrowth and accumulation of multiple mutations in cell
subpopulations.
c. It allows genetic damage to be passed on to daughter cells before repair can
occur.
d. It does not; this mechanism would prevent cancer by allowing healthy cells to
predominate.
e. Both b and c - ANSWER-e
5. Which of the following is true about rickets?
1. Rickets can be caused by a lack of dietary calcium.
2. Rickets can be caused by a lack of vitamin D.
a. Only 1 is true.
b. Only 2 is true.
c. Both are true. - ANSWER-c
, 5. People who follow a vegan diet should be concerned about:
a. Adequate intake of vitamin B12
b. Increased risk of heart disease
c. Adequate intake of vitamin C
d. Increased risk of type 2 diabetes
e. Adequate intake of folate - ANSWER-a
6. Which nutrient is needed to prevent neural tube defects in infants?
a. Niacin
b. Folate
c. Riboflavin
d. Iron
e. Vitamin C - ANSWER-b
7. Uncontrolled gestational diabetes can result in:
a. Macrosomia, or large birth weight
b. Microsomia, or small birth weight
c. Increased risk of neural tube defects
d. Increased risk of anemia
e. Increased risk of nutrient deficiencies - ANSWER-a
8. Which of the following is NOT a principle of a healthful diet?
a. Adequacy
b. Moderation
c. Variation
d. Balance
e. Restriction - ANSWER-e
9. Which of the following is true regarding dietary supplements?
a. Supplements can promote healthy weight loss.
b. Supplements are regulated like prescription medications.
c. As long as a healthy diet is consumed, dietary supplements will never be needed.
d. Supplements are regulated by the FDA for effectiveness before they can be sold.
e. Multivitamins are the most popular dietary supplement. - ANSWER-e
10. Which of the following is true regarding fad diets?
a. Fad diets usually result in long-term maintenance of weight loss.
b. Fad diets are usually well-researched before they are shared with the public.
c. Fad diets never cause harmful side effects.
d. Fad diets usually involve restrictions.
e. Fad diets usually promote slow and steady weight loss. - ANSWER-d
11. Which of the following is a function of vitamin D?
a. Reduce urinary calcium levels
b. Decrease collagen synthesis by bone
c. Decrease blood calcium
d. Stimulate calcium absorption by the intestine
e. Promote phosphate loss from bone - ANSWER-d
