NURS 300 Exam 2: Fractures and Osteoporosis
Questions with Complete Solutions
Basic Multicellular Unit A histologically defined region of remodelling in which a pathway
of resorption (osteoclasts) and formation (osteoblasts) work in unison
*Important in Ca++ homeostasis
Osteoporosis Definition A bone mineral density of -2.5
Measured with a DEXA scan (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is a means of measuring bone
mineral density)
*Characterized by deterioration/low bone density of bone especially of the trabecular bone in
the hips, vertebra and wrists
Normal Bone Density -1.0 or greater
,Osteopenia Between -1.0 and -2.5
Osteoporosis Less than -2.5
Severe Osteoporosis Less than -2.5 with a history of a fragility fracture
Osteoporosis Characteristics Low bone mass
Micro-architectural deterioration
Increase in bone fragility
Susceptibility to fracture
Osteopenia Definition Term used for THINNING of the trabecular matrix of the bone
before osteoporosis
, *Osteoporosis is the term used when ACTUAL breaks in the matrix has occurred
Major Risk Factors Osteoporosis Aging (>65 y.o.)
Females
Race - whites and asian
Hx. of fracture as an adult
Family history
Low body weight (< 127 lbs)
Smoking
Alcohol
*Corticosteroid therapy and immunosuppressive drugs (long-term inhibition of osteoblasts)
WHO Fracture Risk Factors: Previous fragility fracture
Parental history of hip fracture
Current smoking
Glucocorticoid treatment
Rheumatoid arthritis
Questions with Complete Solutions
Basic Multicellular Unit A histologically defined region of remodelling in which a pathway
of resorption (osteoclasts) and formation (osteoblasts) work in unison
*Important in Ca++ homeostasis
Osteoporosis Definition A bone mineral density of -2.5
Measured with a DEXA scan (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is a means of measuring bone
mineral density)
*Characterized by deterioration/low bone density of bone especially of the trabecular bone in
the hips, vertebra and wrists
Normal Bone Density -1.0 or greater
,Osteopenia Between -1.0 and -2.5
Osteoporosis Less than -2.5
Severe Osteoporosis Less than -2.5 with a history of a fragility fracture
Osteoporosis Characteristics Low bone mass
Micro-architectural deterioration
Increase in bone fragility
Susceptibility to fracture
Osteopenia Definition Term used for THINNING of the trabecular matrix of the bone
before osteoporosis
, *Osteoporosis is the term used when ACTUAL breaks in the matrix has occurred
Major Risk Factors Osteoporosis Aging (>65 y.o.)
Females
Race - whites and asian
Hx. of fracture as an adult
Family history
Low body weight (< 127 lbs)
Smoking
Alcohol
*Corticosteroid therapy and immunosuppressive drugs (long-term inhibition of osteoblasts)
WHO Fracture Risk Factors: Previous fragility fracture
Parental history of hip fracture
Current smoking
Glucocorticoid treatment
Rheumatoid arthritis
