NASM-CPT Exam Questions with Complete
Solutions
Cardiac Output The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute (mL blood/min.),
"the overall performance of the heart; Heart Rate x Stroke Vol. = Cardiac Output
Stroke Volume The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction (EDV
minus ESV).
thin; thick The right ventricle has _____ walls (pumps under low pressure), while the left
ventricle has _____ walls (pumps under high pressure).
Atrium The superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it
into the ventricles.
Ventricle The inferior chamber of the heart that receives blood from its corresponding
atrium and in turn, forces blood into the arteries.
,systemic The left side of the heart is referred to as the __________ side, because it pumps
oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.
pulmonic The right side of the heart is known as the _________ side because it receives
deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs then back to the left atria.
atrium; ventricle Each side of the heart has two chambers: an __________ and a
__________.
70; 80 The typical resting HR is between _____ and _____ BPM.
involuntary Cardiac muscle is __________ muscle, meaning that it typically cannot be
consciously controlled.
Heart A muscular pump that rhythmically contracts to push blood throughout the body.
(The heart is contained in the mediastinum in the chest.)
Cardiovascular System A system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood
vessels.
,The Cardiovascular System and the Respiratory System What two systems compose the
cardiorespiratory system?
pituitary gland What gland is referred to as the "master gland" of the endocrine system?
hormone secreting What does the term "endocrine" mean?
The Endocrine System A system of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream to
regulate a variety of bodily functions (including the control of mood, growth and development,
tissue function, and metabolism)
Stabilizers Muscles that support or stabilize the body (i.e., transversus abdominis, internal
oblique, and multifidus stabilize the LPHC during hip extension) - Table 2.6, pg. 46
Antagonists Muscles that perform the opposite action of the prime mover aka agonist (i.e.,
psoas is the antagonist to the glute max. in hip extension) - Table 2.6, pg. 46
, Agonists Muscles that act as prime movers/most responsible for a particular movement
(i.e., glute max. in hip extension) - Table 2.6, pg. 46
Synergists Muscles that assist prime movers during movement (i.e., hamstrings and
erector spinae are synergistic with glute max. during hip extension) - Table 2.6, pg. 46
Type II (Fast-Twitch) Muscles larger in size, quick to produce maximal tension, fatigue
quicker, have less capillaries, and are ideal for sprinting
The "All or Nothing" Law What states that muscles contract maximally or not at all?
less; more Muscles that have to control precise movements have _____ muscle fibers,
whereas larger muscles that require less fine control have _____ muscle fibers.
Type I (Slow-Twitch) Muscle fibers that are smaller in size, slower to produce maximal
tension, more resistant to fatigue, have more capillaries, and are ideal for long-distance running
Overweight A person with a BMI of 25 to 29.9
Solutions
Cardiac Output The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute (mL blood/min.),
"the overall performance of the heart; Heart Rate x Stroke Vol. = Cardiac Output
Stroke Volume The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction (EDV
minus ESV).
thin; thick The right ventricle has _____ walls (pumps under low pressure), while the left
ventricle has _____ walls (pumps under high pressure).
Atrium The superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it
into the ventricles.
Ventricle The inferior chamber of the heart that receives blood from its corresponding
atrium and in turn, forces blood into the arteries.
,systemic The left side of the heart is referred to as the __________ side, because it pumps
oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.
pulmonic The right side of the heart is known as the _________ side because it receives
deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs then back to the left atria.
atrium; ventricle Each side of the heart has two chambers: an __________ and a
__________.
70; 80 The typical resting HR is between _____ and _____ BPM.
involuntary Cardiac muscle is __________ muscle, meaning that it typically cannot be
consciously controlled.
Heart A muscular pump that rhythmically contracts to push blood throughout the body.
(The heart is contained in the mediastinum in the chest.)
Cardiovascular System A system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood
vessels.
,The Cardiovascular System and the Respiratory System What two systems compose the
cardiorespiratory system?
pituitary gland What gland is referred to as the "master gland" of the endocrine system?
hormone secreting What does the term "endocrine" mean?
The Endocrine System A system of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream to
regulate a variety of bodily functions (including the control of mood, growth and development,
tissue function, and metabolism)
Stabilizers Muscles that support or stabilize the body (i.e., transversus abdominis, internal
oblique, and multifidus stabilize the LPHC during hip extension) - Table 2.6, pg. 46
Antagonists Muscles that perform the opposite action of the prime mover aka agonist (i.e.,
psoas is the antagonist to the glute max. in hip extension) - Table 2.6, pg. 46
, Agonists Muscles that act as prime movers/most responsible for a particular movement
(i.e., glute max. in hip extension) - Table 2.6, pg. 46
Synergists Muscles that assist prime movers during movement (i.e., hamstrings and
erector spinae are synergistic with glute max. during hip extension) - Table 2.6, pg. 46
Type II (Fast-Twitch) Muscles larger in size, quick to produce maximal tension, fatigue
quicker, have less capillaries, and are ideal for sprinting
The "All or Nothing" Law What states that muscles contract maximally or not at all?
less; more Muscles that have to control precise movements have _____ muscle fibers,
whereas larger muscles that require less fine control have _____ muscle fibers.
Type I (Slow-Twitch) Muscle fibers that are smaller in size, slower to produce maximal
tension, more resistant to fatigue, have more capillaries, and are ideal for long-distance running
Overweight A person with a BMI of 25 to 29.9
