Portage Learning BIOD 151 Anatomy and Physiology
1 All EXAMS (LATEST UPDATED) 2025
/What are the six levels of organization in the body? - Answer-atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, system of organs, and organism
/.The necessary life function that protects our internal environment from our external
environment is provided by what system? - Answer-Integumentary system
/.The function of movement is provided by what system? - Answer-Muscular system
/.The function of responsiveness is provided by what system? - Answer-Nervous system
/.The function of digestion is provided by what system? - Answer-Digestive system
/.What is anabolism? - Answer-The building of muscle from obtained proteins and
nutrients
/.What is catabolism? - Answer-The process of breaking down molecules to form
simpler ones for energy
/.Excretion involves what system? - Answer-Urinary system
/.The reproductive system is controlled by what other system? - Answer-The endocrine
system
/.Which tissue covers the body surface and lines the cavities of the body? - Answer-
Epithelial tissue
/.What are the three steps in cellular respiration? - Answer-Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle,
and Electron Transport Chain
/.What is the purpose of ATP? - Answer-ATP is a form of energy
/.Epithelial cells perform what types of functions? - Answer-Protection, secretion,
absorption, filtration
/.What are the four basic tissue types? - Answer-Epithelial, Muscle, Connective,
Nervous
/.Toward or at the body surface is known as what direction? - Answer-Superficial
/.Away from the body is what direction? - Answer-Deep
, /.Between a more medial and a more lateral structure is what orientation? - Answer-
Intermediate
/.Toward or at the midline of the body or on the inner side of is what direction? -
Answer-Medial
/.Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure of the body is what
direction? - Answer-Inferior/Caudal
/.Toward the head end or upper part of a structure is what direction? - Answer-Superior
/.Toward or at the front of the body is what direction? - Answer-Ventral
/.Is the knee proximal or distal to the pelvis? - Answer-Distal
/.Is the elbow proximal or distal to the hand? - Answer-Proximal
/.Toward or at the back of the body is what direction? - Answer-Dorsal/Posterior
/.Closing of a joint is which action? - Answer-Flexion
/.Opening of a joint is which action? - Answer-Extension
/.In anatomical position are the hands in pronation or supination? - Answer-Supination
/.Why are the hands supine in the anatomical position? - Answer-Because there are two
bones in the forearm, the radius and ulna which cross over one another but when they
are supine, the bones are independent of one another
/.Define elevation - Answer-The upward movement of a structure
/.Define depression - Answer-The downward movement of a structure
/.Define retraction - Answer-moving a body part backward and parallel to the ground
/.Define protraction - Answer-moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground
/.This body division includes the head, neck, and trunk - Answer-Axial division
/.This is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts - Answer-Sagittal
plane
/.These planes lie vertically and divide the body into anterior and posterior parts -
Answer-Coronal plane and Horizontal plane
1 All EXAMS (LATEST UPDATED) 2025
/What are the six levels of organization in the body? - Answer-atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, system of organs, and organism
/.The necessary life function that protects our internal environment from our external
environment is provided by what system? - Answer-Integumentary system
/.The function of movement is provided by what system? - Answer-Muscular system
/.The function of responsiveness is provided by what system? - Answer-Nervous system
/.The function of digestion is provided by what system? - Answer-Digestive system
/.What is anabolism? - Answer-The building of muscle from obtained proteins and
nutrients
/.What is catabolism? - Answer-The process of breaking down molecules to form
simpler ones for energy
/.Excretion involves what system? - Answer-Urinary system
/.The reproductive system is controlled by what other system? - Answer-The endocrine
system
/.Which tissue covers the body surface and lines the cavities of the body? - Answer-
Epithelial tissue
/.What are the three steps in cellular respiration? - Answer-Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle,
and Electron Transport Chain
/.What is the purpose of ATP? - Answer-ATP is a form of energy
/.Epithelial cells perform what types of functions? - Answer-Protection, secretion,
absorption, filtration
/.What are the four basic tissue types? - Answer-Epithelial, Muscle, Connective,
Nervous
/.Toward or at the body surface is known as what direction? - Answer-Superficial
/.Away from the body is what direction? - Answer-Deep
, /.Between a more medial and a more lateral structure is what orientation? - Answer-
Intermediate
/.Toward or at the midline of the body or on the inner side of is what direction? -
Answer-Medial
/.Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure of the body is what
direction? - Answer-Inferior/Caudal
/.Toward the head end or upper part of a structure is what direction? - Answer-Superior
/.Toward or at the front of the body is what direction? - Answer-Ventral
/.Is the knee proximal or distal to the pelvis? - Answer-Distal
/.Is the elbow proximal or distal to the hand? - Answer-Proximal
/.Toward or at the back of the body is what direction? - Answer-Dorsal/Posterior
/.Closing of a joint is which action? - Answer-Flexion
/.Opening of a joint is which action? - Answer-Extension
/.In anatomical position are the hands in pronation or supination? - Answer-Supination
/.Why are the hands supine in the anatomical position? - Answer-Because there are two
bones in the forearm, the radius and ulna which cross over one another but when they
are supine, the bones are independent of one another
/.Define elevation - Answer-The upward movement of a structure
/.Define depression - Answer-The downward movement of a structure
/.Define retraction - Answer-moving a body part backward and parallel to the ground
/.Define protraction - Answer-moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground
/.This body division includes the head, neck, and trunk - Answer-Axial division
/.This is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts - Answer-Sagittal
plane
/.These planes lie vertically and divide the body into anterior and posterior parts -
Answer-Coronal plane and Horizontal plane
