Atmos 1000- Final Exam (Modules 8-14)
with correct answers
According to the book Secrets of the Greatest Snow on Earth, approximately
x x x x x x x x x x x x
how many avalanche paths threaten State Route 210 (SR-210) and other
x x x x x x x x x x x
roads in Little Cottonwood Canyon? - correct answer ✔50
x x x x x x x x
Which highway has the highest avalanche hazard of any highway in North
x x x x x x x x x x x x
America? - correct answer ✔State Route 210 through Little Cottonwood
x x x x x x x x x x
Canyon, UT x
According to the book Secrets of the Greatest Snow on Earth, what was the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
seasonal population in the Town of Alta in 1873? - correct answer ✔3,000
x x x x x x x x x x x x
According to a Salt Lake Tribune article in 1884, how many people had been
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
killed by snowslides in and around Alta up until that point? - correct answer
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
✔143
In contrast, how many people died according to more recent estimates from
x x x x x x x x x x x x
the Alta Historical Society? - correct answer ✔74
x x x x x x x
In the "original" 1930's Utah Interconnect (during which people skied from
x x x x x x x x x x x
Park City to Little Cottonwood Canyon) where did people stay overnight? -
x x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔Rose Hotel, Brighton
x x x x
,Who convinced the Utah National Guard to bring a 75-millimeter French
x x x x x x x x x x x
Howitzer to Little Cottonwood Canyon to do avalanche control work? -
x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔Monte Atwater
x x x
Which trained snow scientist came to Alta in 1952 and pushed avalanche
x x x x x x x x x x x x
research in Little Cottonwood to new heights? - correct answer ✔Ed
x x x x x x x x x x x
LaChapelle
What military grade weapon fires large shells into avalanche starting zones to
x x x x x x x x x x x
xtrigger avalanches when the highway is closed in Little Cottonwood Canyon?
x x x x x x x x x x x
- correct answer ✔Howitzer
x x x
Based on the videos, which of the following are used for contemporary
x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche mitigation efforts in upper Little Cottonwood Canyon? - correct
x x x x x x x x x x
answer ✔All of the above x x x x
(Howizer)
(O'belix)
(Gazex)
(Wyssen Tower) x
What type of avalanche mitigation system is pictured below? - correct answer
x x x x x x x x x x x
✔Wyssen Tower
x x
An area of restricted travel when non-essential personnel are confined to
x x x x x x x x x x x
homes or lodges in Little Cottonwood Canyon is known as - correct answer
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
✔Interlodge
,A day when the highway is closed but the ski areas are open is known as a -
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔Country club day
x x x x
From the mid-1940s through the 2012-2013 winter, how many ski patrollers
x x x x x x x x x x x
died while engaged in avalanche and snow-safety work in the United States?
x x x x x x x x x x x x
- correct answer ✔25
x x x
The group with primary responsibility for avalanche safety along SR-210 in
x x x x x x x x x x x
Little Cottonwood Canyon is - correct answer ✔Utah Department of
x x x x x x x x x x
Transportation (UDOT) x
The Tanners, White Pine Chutes, White Pine, and Little Pine avalanche paths
x x x x x x x x x x x x
that are most critical for avalanche risk along SR-210 in Little Cottonwood
x x x x x x x x x x x x
Canyon are located - correct answer ✔In the middle of Little Cottonwood
x x x x x x x x x x x x
Canyon
Avalanche risk is measured using an Avalanche Hazard Index (AHI), which
x x x x x x x x x x x
provides a number representing the potential avalanche threat based on
x x x x x x x x x x
snowfall, terrain, and traffic volume. A value of less than 10 is considered
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
low and greater than 150 is considered very high. Without avalanche control,
x x x x x x x x x x x x
the Avalanche Hazard Index in Little Cottonwood Canyon, assuming 2018
x x x x x x x x x x
traffic volumes, is - correct answer ✔7,300
x x x x x x
With avalanche control and the use of the Alta Bypass Road to avoid a few
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche paths, the avalanche hazard, assuming 2018 traffic volumes, is -
x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔90 x x
On average, how many hours per season was Little Cottonwood closed for
x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche control from 1999-2018 - correct answer ✔56.3
x x x x x x x
, From 1999-2018, the most hours of avalanche closure of SR-210 in a season
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
was - correct answer ✔108
x x x x
A snow-supporting structure - correct answer ✔Holds snow in place where
x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanches start x
A snow shed - correct answer ✔Covers a road to protect it from avalanches
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
An Earth berm - correct answer ✔Stops or diverts avalanches
x x x x x x x x x
The picture below shows a series of avalanche fences in an avalanche starting
x x x x x x x x x x x x
xzone above the village of Zurs in Austria. These fences are an example of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
what type of avalanche mitigation system? - correct answer ✔Snow
x x x x x x x x x x
supporting structure x
The images below are of the Icelandic village of Flateyri; which is highly
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
susceptible to avalanches. x x
The V-shaped structure above the village is an example of what type of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche mitigation system? - correct answer ✔Earth berm
x x x x x x x
From 2004-2017, an average of how many artillery shells were used for
x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche mitigation in Little Cottonwood Canyon? - correct answer ✔153
x x x x x x x x x
Little Cottonwood Canyon is home to which two National Wilderness Areas -
x x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔Twin Peaks and Lone Peak Wilderness Areas
x x x x x x x x
with correct answers
According to the book Secrets of the Greatest Snow on Earth, approximately
x x x x x x x x x x x x
how many avalanche paths threaten State Route 210 (SR-210) and other
x x x x x x x x x x x
roads in Little Cottonwood Canyon? - correct answer ✔50
x x x x x x x x
Which highway has the highest avalanche hazard of any highway in North
x x x x x x x x x x x x
America? - correct answer ✔State Route 210 through Little Cottonwood
x x x x x x x x x x
Canyon, UT x
According to the book Secrets of the Greatest Snow on Earth, what was the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
seasonal population in the Town of Alta in 1873? - correct answer ✔3,000
x x x x x x x x x x x x
According to a Salt Lake Tribune article in 1884, how many people had been
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
killed by snowslides in and around Alta up until that point? - correct answer
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
✔143
In contrast, how many people died according to more recent estimates from
x x x x x x x x x x x x
the Alta Historical Society? - correct answer ✔74
x x x x x x x
In the "original" 1930's Utah Interconnect (during which people skied from
x x x x x x x x x x x
Park City to Little Cottonwood Canyon) where did people stay overnight? -
x x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔Rose Hotel, Brighton
x x x x
,Who convinced the Utah National Guard to bring a 75-millimeter French
x x x x x x x x x x x
Howitzer to Little Cottonwood Canyon to do avalanche control work? -
x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔Monte Atwater
x x x
Which trained snow scientist came to Alta in 1952 and pushed avalanche
x x x x x x x x x x x x
research in Little Cottonwood to new heights? - correct answer ✔Ed
x x x x x x x x x x x
LaChapelle
What military grade weapon fires large shells into avalanche starting zones to
x x x x x x x x x x x
xtrigger avalanches when the highway is closed in Little Cottonwood Canyon?
x x x x x x x x x x x
- correct answer ✔Howitzer
x x x
Based on the videos, which of the following are used for contemporary
x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche mitigation efforts in upper Little Cottonwood Canyon? - correct
x x x x x x x x x x
answer ✔All of the above x x x x
(Howizer)
(O'belix)
(Gazex)
(Wyssen Tower) x
What type of avalanche mitigation system is pictured below? - correct answer
x x x x x x x x x x x
✔Wyssen Tower
x x
An area of restricted travel when non-essential personnel are confined to
x x x x x x x x x x x
homes or lodges in Little Cottonwood Canyon is known as - correct answer
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
✔Interlodge
,A day when the highway is closed but the ski areas are open is known as a -
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔Country club day
x x x x
From the mid-1940s through the 2012-2013 winter, how many ski patrollers
x x x x x x x x x x x
died while engaged in avalanche and snow-safety work in the United States?
x x x x x x x x x x x x
- correct answer ✔25
x x x
The group with primary responsibility for avalanche safety along SR-210 in
x x x x x x x x x x x
Little Cottonwood Canyon is - correct answer ✔Utah Department of
x x x x x x x x x x
Transportation (UDOT) x
The Tanners, White Pine Chutes, White Pine, and Little Pine avalanche paths
x x x x x x x x x x x x
that are most critical for avalanche risk along SR-210 in Little Cottonwood
x x x x x x x x x x x x
Canyon are located - correct answer ✔In the middle of Little Cottonwood
x x x x x x x x x x x x
Canyon
Avalanche risk is measured using an Avalanche Hazard Index (AHI), which
x x x x x x x x x x x
provides a number representing the potential avalanche threat based on
x x x x x x x x x x
snowfall, terrain, and traffic volume. A value of less than 10 is considered
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
low and greater than 150 is considered very high. Without avalanche control,
x x x x x x x x x x x x
the Avalanche Hazard Index in Little Cottonwood Canyon, assuming 2018
x x x x x x x x x x
traffic volumes, is - correct answer ✔7,300
x x x x x x
With avalanche control and the use of the Alta Bypass Road to avoid a few
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche paths, the avalanche hazard, assuming 2018 traffic volumes, is -
x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔90 x x
On average, how many hours per season was Little Cottonwood closed for
x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche control from 1999-2018 - correct answer ✔56.3
x x x x x x x
, From 1999-2018, the most hours of avalanche closure of SR-210 in a season
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
was - correct answer ✔108
x x x x
A snow-supporting structure - correct answer ✔Holds snow in place where
x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanches start x
A snow shed - correct answer ✔Covers a road to protect it from avalanches
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
An Earth berm - correct answer ✔Stops or diverts avalanches
x x x x x x x x x
The picture below shows a series of avalanche fences in an avalanche starting
x x x x x x x x x x x x
xzone above the village of Zurs in Austria. These fences are an example of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
what type of avalanche mitigation system? - correct answer ✔Snow
x x x x x x x x x x
supporting structure x
The images below are of the Icelandic village of Flateyri; which is highly
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
susceptible to avalanches. x x
The V-shaped structure above the village is an example of what type of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche mitigation system? - correct answer ✔Earth berm
x x x x x x x
From 2004-2017, an average of how many artillery shells were used for
x x x x x x x x x x x x
avalanche mitigation in Little Cottonwood Canyon? - correct answer ✔153
x x x x x x x x x
Little Cottonwood Canyon is home to which two National Wilderness Areas -
x x x x x x x x x x x x
correct answer ✔Twin Peaks and Lone Peak Wilderness Areas
x x x x x x x x
