FMTB-W BLOCK 2 exam with
questions and answers graded a+
Risk factors of hyponatremia - ANSWERS>>>>>Exercise duration of greater
than 4 hours
Low body weight
Overhydration
NSAID use
Extreme hot or cold conditions
Treatment of hyponatremia - ANSWERS>>>>>Place in upright position
Tacevac
ONLY TREATED BY AN MO
Mild dehydration treatment - ANSWERS>>>>>Oral hydration (if tolerable)
Moderate to severe hydration treatment - ANSWERS>>>>>IV fluid
replacement never over hydrate
3L of fluid
Normal temperature range - ANSWERS>>>>>97.6-99.6
Hypothalamus - ANSWERS>>>>>Regulates the body's core temperature,
can tell the body to conserve heat or dissipate heat by increasing RR,
cardiac output, vasodilation and perspiration.
,Predisposing factors of heat casualty - ANSWERS>>>>>Age
Physical fitness
PREVIOUS HISTORY OF HEAT INJURY
Skin trauma
Sunburn
Heat rash
Windburn
Dermatologic disease
Does a heat injury cause permanent damage to the hypothalamus? -
ANSWERS>>>>>Yes
Predisposing illnesses of heat injury - ANSWERS>>>>>Cold
Fever
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Heat cramps - ANSWERS>>>>>Short term, painful muscle contractions
Frequently seen in the calf muscles and voluntary muscles of the
abdomen and extremities
Causes of heat cramps - ANSWERS>>>>>Prolonged physical activity in heat
Muscle fatigue
Body water loss
Sodium loss
,S/sx of heat cramps - ANSWERS>>>>>Muscle cramps and tenderness
Skin is usually moist, pale, and warm
Normal or slightly elevated core temp
Treatment of heat cramps - ANSWERS>>>>>Rest in cool environment
Prolonged stretching
Consume PO fluids and sodium
Heat exhaustion - ANSWERS>>>>>Most common form of heat related
disorder
Systemic reaction to prolonged heat exposure
Cause of heat exhaustion - ANSWERS>>>>>Cardiac output is insufficient to
support the increased circulatory load caused by competing blood flow,
reduced plasma volume, sweat induced depletion of salt and water
S/sx of heat exhaustion - ANSWERS>>>>>MOIST PALE AND CLAMMY
RECTAL TEMP BELOW 104 (99.7-103.9)
Treatment of heat exhaustion - ANSWERS>>>>>Move to a cool location
Loosen or remove clothing
Asses vitals
Oral rehydration, IV if unconscious
Active cooling
Transport of pt doesn't recover or is unconscious
, Heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>TRUE MEDICAL EMERGENCY
CAN CAUSE IRREVERSIBLE BRAIN DAMAGE AND DEATH
Cause of heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>Hypothalamus failure
S/sx - ANSWERS>>>>>Core temp 104
Change in mental status
Dry, red, hot skin
Classic heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>Children, elderly, and sick
Dry, red, hot skin
Exertional heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>Typically seen in men 15-45
Poor physical fitness
Hot humid environment
Involved in short term, strenuous activity
Lack of acclimatization
Sweat soaked and pale skin at time of collapse - ANSWERS>>>>>Exertional
heat stroke
Treatment of heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>Remove patient from heat
Immediately begin active cooling
Stop active cooling when core rectal temp reaches 102.2 F
questions and answers graded a+
Risk factors of hyponatremia - ANSWERS>>>>>Exercise duration of greater
than 4 hours
Low body weight
Overhydration
NSAID use
Extreme hot or cold conditions
Treatment of hyponatremia - ANSWERS>>>>>Place in upright position
Tacevac
ONLY TREATED BY AN MO
Mild dehydration treatment - ANSWERS>>>>>Oral hydration (if tolerable)
Moderate to severe hydration treatment - ANSWERS>>>>>IV fluid
replacement never over hydrate
3L of fluid
Normal temperature range - ANSWERS>>>>>97.6-99.6
Hypothalamus - ANSWERS>>>>>Regulates the body's core temperature,
can tell the body to conserve heat or dissipate heat by increasing RR,
cardiac output, vasodilation and perspiration.
,Predisposing factors of heat casualty - ANSWERS>>>>>Age
Physical fitness
PREVIOUS HISTORY OF HEAT INJURY
Skin trauma
Sunburn
Heat rash
Windburn
Dermatologic disease
Does a heat injury cause permanent damage to the hypothalamus? -
ANSWERS>>>>>Yes
Predisposing illnesses of heat injury - ANSWERS>>>>>Cold
Fever
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Heat cramps - ANSWERS>>>>>Short term, painful muscle contractions
Frequently seen in the calf muscles and voluntary muscles of the
abdomen and extremities
Causes of heat cramps - ANSWERS>>>>>Prolonged physical activity in heat
Muscle fatigue
Body water loss
Sodium loss
,S/sx of heat cramps - ANSWERS>>>>>Muscle cramps and tenderness
Skin is usually moist, pale, and warm
Normal or slightly elevated core temp
Treatment of heat cramps - ANSWERS>>>>>Rest in cool environment
Prolonged stretching
Consume PO fluids and sodium
Heat exhaustion - ANSWERS>>>>>Most common form of heat related
disorder
Systemic reaction to prolonged heat exposure
Cause of heat exhaustion - ANSWERS>>>>>Cardiac output is insufficient to
support the increased circulatory load caused by competing blood flow,
reduced plasma volume, sweat induced depletion of salt and water
S/sx of heat exhaustion - ANSWERS>>>>>MOIST PALE AND CLAMMY
RECTAL TEMP BELOW 104 (99.7-103.9)
Treatment of heat exhaustion - ANSWERS>>>>>Move to a cool location
Loosen or remove clothing
Asses vitals
Oral rehydration, IV if unconscious
Active cooling
Transport of pt doesn't recover or is unconscious
, Heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>TRUE MEDICAL EMERGENCY
CAN CAUSE IRREVERSIBLE BRAIN DAMAGE AND DEATH
Cause of heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>Hypothalamus failure
S/sx - ANSWERS>>>>>Core temp 104
Change in mental status
Dry, red, hot skin
Classic heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>Children, elderly, and sick
Dry, red, hot skin
Exertional heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>Typically seen in men 15-45
Poor physical fitness
Hot humid environment
Involved in short term, strenuous activity
Lack of acclimatization
Sweat soaked and pale skin at time of collapse - ANSWERS>>>>>Exertional
heat stroke
Treatment of heat stroke - ANSWERS>>>>>Remove patient from heat
Immediately begin active cooling
Stop active cooling when core rectal temp reaches 102.2 F
