Bontrager anatomy midterm review Questions
and Answers 100% Correct
Connective tissue Supportive tissues that bind and support various structures
Organs Tissues joined to perform specific function
System Group of organs that have a common function
Organism The 10 systems of the body when functioning together
Skeletal system 206 separate bones and their associated cartilages and joints
Functions of the skeletal system 1. Support and protect many soft tissues of the body 2.
Allow movement through interaction with muscles to form a system of levers 3. To produce
blood cells 4. To store calcium
,Circulatory system The cardiovascular organs (heart, blood, and blood vessels) and
lymphatic system (lymph nodes, lymph vessels, lymph glands, and spleen)
Functions of the cardiovascular system 1) to distribute O2 and nutrients to cells 2) to
carry cell waste and CO2 from cells 3) to transport H2O, electrolytes, hormones, and enzymes 4)
to protect against disease 5) to prevent hemorrhage by forming blood clots 6) to help regulate
body temperature
Digestive system Alimentary canal (mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine, and anus) and accessory organs (salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas)
Functions of the digestive system 1) to prepare food for absorption by the cells through
physical and chemical breakdown processes 2) to eliminate solid wastes from body
Respiratory system Connects lungs to outside atmosphere (nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx,
trachea, and bronchial tree)
Functions of the respiratory system 1) supply O2 to the blood and eventually cells 2)
eliminate CO2 from blood 3) assist in regulating acid-base balance of blood
,Urinary system Organs - kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
Functions of the urinary system 1) regulate chemical composition of blood 2) eliminate
many waste products 3) regulate fluid and electrolyte balance and volume 4) maintain the acid-
base balance of the body
Reproductive system Organs that produce, transport, and store the germ cells (male: vas
deferens, prostate gland, penis, testes) (female: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina)
Function of reproductive system Reproduce the organism
Nervous system Composed of brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia, and special sense organs
(such as eyes and ears)
Function of the nervous system To regulate body activities with electrical impulses that
travel along various nerves
, Muscular system types Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle Most of muscle mass in body. Striated. Voluntary. Acts in conjunction
with skeleton to allow for movement. 43% of weight is accounted for by skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle Involuntary. Located in walls of hollow internal organs (blood vessels,
stomach, intestines)
Cardiac muscle Involuntary but striated. Found only in the walls of the heart
Functions of the muscular system 1) allows movement, such as locomotion of the body
or movement of substances through the alimentary canal 2) to maintain posture 3) to produce
heat
Endocrine system Includes ductless glands of the body
Function of the endocrine system To regulate bodily activities through the various
hormones
and Answers 100% Correct
Connective tissue Supportive tissues that bind and support various structures
Organs Tissues joined to perform specific function
System Group of organs that have a common function
Organism The 10 systems of the body when functioning together
Skeletal system 206 separate bones and their associated cartilages and joints
Functions of the skeletal system 1. Support and protect many soft tissues of the body 2.
Allow movement through interaction with muscles to form a system of levers 3. To produce
blood cells 4. To store calcium
,Circulatory system The cardiovascular organs (heart, blood, and blood vessels) and
lymphatic system (lymph nodes, lymph vessels, lymph glands, and spleen)
Functions of the cardiovascular system 1) to distribute O2 and nutrients to cells 2) to
carry cell waste and CO2 from cells 3) to transport H2O, electrolytes, hormones, and enzymes 4)
to protect against disease 5) to prevent hemorrhage by forming blood clots 6) to help regulate
body temperature
Digestive system Alimentary canal (mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine, and anus) and accessory organs (salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas)
Functions of the digestive system 1) to prepare food for absorption by the cells through
physical and chemical breakdown processes 2) to eliminate solid wastes from body
Respiratory system Connects lungs to outside atmosphere (nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx,
trachea, and bronchial tree)
Functions of the respiratory system 1) supply O2 to the blood and eventually cells 2)
eliminate CO2 from blood 3) assist in regulating acid-base balance of blood
,Urinary system Organs - kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
Functions of the urinary system 1) regulate chemical composition of blood 2) eliminate
many waste products 3) regulate fluid and electrolyte balance and volume 4) maintain the acid-
base balance of the body
Reproductive system Organs that produce, transport, and store the germ cells (male: vas
deferens, prostate gland, penis, testes) (female: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina)
Function of reproductive system Reproduce the organism
Nervous system Composed of brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia, and special sense organs
(such as eyes and ears)
Function of the nervous system To regulate body activities with electrical impulses that
travel along various nerves
, Muscular system types Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle
Skeletal muscle Most of muscle mass in body. Striated. Voluntary. Acts in conjunction
with skeleton to allow for movement. 43% of weight is accounted for by skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle Involuntary. Located in walls of hollow internal organs (blood vessels,
stomach, intestines)
Cardiac muscle Involuntary but striated. Found only in the walls of the heart
Functions of the muscular system 1) allows movement, such as locomotion of the body
or movement of substances through the alimentary canal 2) to maintain posture 3) to produce
heat
Endocrine system Includes ductless glands of the body
Function of the endocrine system To regulate bodily activities through the various
hormones
