Nuclear Medicine Exam Review Solved
100% Correct
111In-Pentetreotide should NOT be administered through an IV line containing: A)a
total parenteral nutrition mixture B)0.9% sodium chloride C)dextrose and water
D)glucose - ANSWER-A)TPN mix. 111In-pentetreotide shouldn't be given through IV
line containing TPN mixes because the tracer may form a complex with components of
the TPN mixture. Because the chemical form of the tracer is now altered, its distribution
in body will change.
127mCi is equvalent to how many GBq? - ANSWER-4.7GBq.
(127mCi)x(37MBq/mCi)=4,699MBq 1,000MBq=1GBq
(4,699MBq)x1GBq/1000MBq=4.7GBq
15 rem is equal to how many mSv? - ANSWER-150
18F-FDG can be used for brain imaging. True or False? - ANSWER-True. 99mTc-
HMPAO, 99mTc-ECD and 18F-FDG are diffusible tracers that can be used for brain
imaging.
3 or 4 phase bone imaging is particularly useful when which condition is suspected:
A)skeletal metastases B)osteoporosis C)osteomyelitis D)stress fracture - ANSWER-C)
Early images are important in diagnosing inflammatory conditions such as osteomyelitis.
In osteomyelitis, tracer concentration remains increased throughout the phases.
4mCi of 201Tl-thallous chloride is the prescribed unit dosage. According to the NRC,
which of the following measurements verifies that a dosage within acceptable limits has
been dispensed into the syringe: A)3.5mCi B)4.0mCi C)4.3mCi D)4.5mCi - ANSWER-
All the measurements are within acceptable limits. The NRC states that the
administered dosage must fall within the prescribed dosage range or may not differ from
the prescribed dosage by more than 20%.
89Sr-chloride is used to treat which of the following conditions: A)bone pain
B)polycythemia vera C)rheumatoid arthritis D)malignant effusions - ANSWER-A)bone
pain. 89Sr-chloride is used to relieve bone pain resulting from skeletal metastases.
89Sr-chloride is used to treat: A)malignant ascites B)polycythemia vera C)bone pain
caused by metastases D)Grave's disease E)A and C - ANSWER-C) bone pain caused
by metastases
A 1:25 dilution of a solution with a concentration of 10uCi/mL is prepared. What is the
tracer concentration in the dilution? - ANSWER-0.4uCi/mL. 1/25 x 10uCi/mL =
0.4uCi/mL
,A 137Cs reference standard is counted daily with a scintillation spectrometer, using the
same gain, window, and high voltage setting. If the net counts per minute changes
dramatically from one day to the next, what should the NMT do? - ANSWER-
Recalibrate the operating voltage. Voltage may drift slightly from one day to the next,
causing the gamma ray spectrum to shift to the right or left, out of the preset window.
A 137Cs source was originally calibrated to contain 200uCi on June 1, 1998. What
would be the expected activity of the source on June 1, 2002? 2 year DF=0.955 -
ANSWER-182.4uCi. 0.955 x 0.955 x 200uCi = 182.4uCi
A 256 x 256 matrix requires how much more computer memory than a 64 x 64 matrix? -
ANSWER-16 times more memory. 256x256=65,536pixels 64x64=4,096pixels
A 57Co source originally calibrated to contain 325.8uCi 35 days ago. If the source is
measured today, the reading must fall within what range of activities to meet the
accepted standard? DF=0.914 - ANSWER-268.0-327.6uCi. 325.8uCi x 0.914 = 297.8
297.8 (+-) 10% is accepted standard
A bio-hazard warning label would be found on all of the following EXCEPT:
A)contaminated sharps container B)refrigerator containing potentially infectious material
C)unit of blood released for clinical use D)receptacle for contaminated laundry -
ANSWER-C)labels are not required on containers of blood that have been released for
clinical use, such as blood transfusion. Bio-hazard warning labels are attached to any
container of regulated materials (blood or infectious materials).
A cardiac stress test requires the placement of how many electrodes on the patient's
body: A)3 B)6 C)10 D)12 - ANSWER-C)10. A cardiac stress test requires a 12-lead
ECG tracing, which uses 10 electrodes attached to the patient. 2 arm, 2 leg, and 6 chest
leads.
A common antecubital vein used for intravenous administration of a
radiopharmaceutical is the: A)cephalic B)radial C)brachial D)ulnar - ANSWER-A) A
variety of antecubital veins can be used for drug administration, but the two most
commonly used are the basilic and cephalic veins.
A container of 131I measures 0.08mR/h, and room background measures 0.07mR/hr.
The tech should next: A)obliterate any radiation symbols and dispose of the container in
regular trash B)dispose of the container as radioactive waste - ANSWER-A) The
exposure rate of the packing material is approximately the same as room background,
so the carton may be disposed of in the regular trash after any radiation symbols are
removed or obliterated.
A contraindication for performing a myocardial perfusion resting study is: A)fasting for 4-
12hr B)drinking cold water prior to the study C)having a nitroglycerin drip D)NPO for 4-
12hr - ANSWER-C) A nitroglycerin drip will interfere with determining if, at rest, the
cardiac arteries are partially occluded.
,A daily uniformity flood for a scintillation camera should contain a minimum of how many
counts: A)1-2 million B)3-5 million C)6-10 million D)20-30 million - ANSWER-B)3-5
million. For a small-FOV-camera, 3 million counts should be acquired; for a large-FOV-
camera, 5 million counts should be obtained.
A dry-column generator is eluted with 5mL of saline, and the eluate containing 863mCi
is collected into a 10mL evacuated vial. What is the concentration of the eluate? -
ANSWER-172.6mCi/mL
A gastric-emptying study uses which of the following radiopharmaceuticals: A)99mTc-
medronate B)99mTc-disida C)99mTc-sulfur colloid D)99mTc-MAA - ANSWER-
C)99mTc-sulfur colloid. Gastric-emptying studies involve combining 99mTc-sulfur
colloid with eggs. (oatmeal)
A gated equilibrium ventricular function study can be performed with which 99mTc-
labeled tracers: A)pentetate B)medronate C)pyrophosphate D)human serum albumin -
ANSWER-D)Many departments label the patient's RBC's with 99mTc-pertechnetate, but
other facilities prefer the immediate availability of 99mTc-albumin. Currently 99mTc-
albumin is available only outside the United States.
A linearity test indicates the dose calibrator's ability to measure the activity over a wide
range of values. True or False? - ANSWER-True. Normally, dose calibrators exhibit a
linear response for activities up to 200mCi (7.4GBq) to 2Ci (74GBq), depending on the
chamber and geometry and the electronics of the dose calibrator, and tend to
underestimate at higher activities.
A nebulizer is used to administer which of the following lung ventilation
radiopharmaceuticals: A)81mKr gas B)133Xe gas C)99mTc-pentetate D)99mTc-MAA -
ANSWER-C)99mTc-pentetate. A nebulizer is a device that uses ultrasound or pressure
to create airborne (aerosol) particles from a liquid.
A NMT measures a 57Co standard in a dose calibrator on these settings: 57Co, 99mTc,
123I, 133Xe, and 201Tl, and then calculates the % difference between the calculated
and measured activities. The NMT is assessing: A)accuracy B)constancy C)linearity -
ANSWER-B)constancy. Using a long-lived source, a reading is obtained for each of the
commonly used preset buttons on the dose calibrator. Although this does not provide an
accurate reading, it shows whether the instrument is performing with precision.
A normal biodistribution of 111In-labeled leukocytes will demonstrate the greatest tracer
uptake at 24hr after injection in which of the following sites: A)bone marrow B)liver
C)lung D)spleen - ANSWER-D) At 24hr after injection, a normal biodistribution of 111In-
labeled leukocytes demonstrates tracer uptake only in the spleen, liver, and bone
marrow. The greatest uptake is in the spleen, followed by the liver and the bone
marrow.
, A package containing radioactive material produces 0.4mR/hr at the surface and no
detectable radiation exposure at 1 meter from the package. What DOT label must be
affixed to the outside of the package? - ANSWER-Category 1 (white)
A package containing radiopharmaceuticals is delivered before the NM department
opens. According to the NRC, the package must be checked in and monitored: A)as
soon as the dept opens B)w/i 3 hr after the dept opens C)w/i 6 hr after the dept opens -
ANSWER-B) NRC regulations state that packages containing radioactive material must
be monitored no later than 3 hr after delivery during regular working hours or within 3 hr
of opening the department.
A parathyroid adenoma will concentrate which of the following radioparmaceuticals:
A)123I-sodium iodide B)99mTc-pertechnetate C)99mTc-sestamibi D)99mTc-
pertechnetate or 99mTc-sestamibi - ANSWER-C)99mTc-sestamibi
A patient can be released after receiving a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical if no other
individual is likely to receive an exposure dose, from being exposed to the patient,
exceeding how many rems: A)0.1 B)0.2 C)0.5 D)5.0 - ANSWER-C)0.5rems
A patient received 5mCi 131I-sodium iodide for treatment of hyperthyroidism. The
patient should adhere to all instructions except: A)minimize close contact with others
B)remain home at lest 30 days C)drink plenty of fluid D)wash hands after using toilet -
ANSWER-C)patients should be given instructions to follow for 3 to 7 days that will
minimize spread of contamination and radiation exposure to others.
A patient receives a unit dosage of 89Sr-chloride intended for another patient.
According to the NRC, does this situation describe a medical event requiring notification
to the NRC, or a medical event that needs to be reported only the the NM supervisor. -
ANSWER-The situation describes a medical event requiring notification of the NRC.
A patient scheduled for 18F-FDG imaging has a blood glucose level of 100mg/dL. The
tech should: A)reschedule the patient B)administer insulin to lower glucose level
C)administer glucose to raise glucose level D)proceed with the exam - ANSWER-D) In
an adult, a normal fasting blood glucose level is 70-115mg/dL. Because the patient's
blood glucose level is within the normal range, the technologist can proceed with the
examination.
A patient scheduled for scintimammography has symptoms involving her left breast.
Which of the following sites is the best choice for injection of the radiopharmaceutical:
A)right antecubital B)right carotid C)left carotid D)left hand - ANSWER-A)right
antecubital. If the suspected disease is in the left breast, it would be best to use the
contralateral side of the body for injection at a site distant from the breast or lymph
nodes, which may also be involved.
A patient with a chest tube arrives in the NM dept for an imaging study. The tech
should: A)place the chest tube's external apparatus on the imaging table next to patient
100% Correct
111In-Pentetreotide should NOT be administered through an IV line containing: A)a
total parenteral nutrition mixture B)0.9% sodium chloride C)dextrose and water
D)glucose - ANSWER-A)TPN mix. 111In-pentetreotide shouldn't be given through IV
line containing TPN mixes because the tracer may form a complex with components of
the TPN mixture. Because the chemical form of the tracer is now altered, its distribution
in body will change.
127mCi is equvalent to how many GBq? - ANSWER-4.7GBq.
(127mCi)x(37MBq/mCi)=4,699MBq 1,000MBq=1GBq
(4,699MBq)x1GBq/1000MBq=4.7GBq
15 rem is equal to how many mSv? - ANSWER-150
18F-FDG can be used for brain imaging. True or False? - ANSWER-True. 99mTc-
HMPAO, 99mTc-ECD and 18F-FDG are diffusible tracers that can be used for brain
imaging.
3 or 4 phase bone imaging is particularly useful when which condition is suspected:
A)skeletal metastases B)osteoporosis C)osteomyelitis D)stress fracture - ANSWER-C)
Early images are important in diagnosing inflammatory conditions such as osteomyelitis.
In osteomyelitis, tracer concentration remains increased throughout the phases.
4mCi of 201Tl-thallous chloride is the prescribed unit dosage. According to the NRC,
which of the following measurements verifies that a dosage within acceptable limits has
been dispensed into the syringe: A)3.5mCi B)4.0mCi C)4.3mCi D)4.5mCi - ANSWER-
All the measurements are within acceptable limits. The NRC states that the
administered dosage must fall within the prescribed dosage range or may not differ from
the prescribed dosage by more than 20%.
89Sr-chloride is used to treat which of the following conditions: A)bone pain
B)polycythemia vera C)rheumatoid arthritis D)malignant effusions - ANSWER-A)bone
pain. 89Sr-chloride is used to relieve bone pain resulting from skeletal metastases.
89Sr-chloride is used to treat: A)malignant ascites B)polycythemia vera C)bone pain
caused by metastases D)Grave's disease E)A and C - ANSWER-C) bone pain caused
by metastases
A 1:25 dilution of a solution with a concentration of 10uCi/mL is prepared. What is the
tracer concentration in the dilution? - ANSWER-0.4uCi/mL. 1/25 x 10uCi/mL =
0.4uCi/mL
,A 137Cs reference standard is counted daily with a scintillation spectrometer, using the
same gain, window, and high voltage setting. If the net counts per minute changes
dramatically from one day to the next, what should the NMT do? - ANSWER-
Recalibrate the operating voltage. Voltage may drift slightly from one day to the next,
causing the gamma ray spectrum to shift to the right or left, out of the preset window.
A 137Cs source was originally calibrated to contain 200uCi on June 1, 1998. What
would be the expected activity of the source on June 1, 2002? 2 year DF=0.955 -
ANSWER-182.4uCi. 0.955 x 0.955 x 200uCi = 182.4uCi
A 256 x 256 matrix requires how much more computer memory than a 64 x 64 matrix? -
ANSWER-16 times more memory. 256x256=65,536pixels 64x64=4,096pixels
A 57Co source originally calibrated to contain 325.8uCi 35 days ago. If the source is
measured today, the reading must fall within what range of activities to meet the
accepted standard? DF=0.914 - ANSWER-268.0-327.6uCi. 325.8uCi x 0.914 = 297.8
297.8 (+-) 10% is accepted standard
A bio-hazard warning label would be found on all of the following EXCEPT:
A)contaminated sharps container B)refrigerator containing potentially infectious material
C)unit of blood released for clinical use D)receptacle for contaminated laundry -
ANSWER-C)labels are not required on containers of blood that have been released for
clinical use, such as blood transfusion. Bio-hazard warning labels are attached to any
container of regulated materials (blood or infectious materials).
A cardiac stress test requires the placement of how many electrodes on the patient's
body: A)3 B)6 C)10 D)12 - ANSWER-C)10. A cardiac stress test requires a 12-lead
ECG tracing, which uses 10 electrodes attached to the patient. 2 arm, 2 leg, and 6 chest
leads.
A common antecubital vein used for intravenous administration of a
radiopharmaceutical is the: A)cephalic B)radial C)brachial D)ulnar - ANSWER-A) A
variety of antecubital veins can be used for drug administration, but the two most
commonly used are the basilic and cephalic veins.
A container of 131I measures 0.08mR/h, and room background measures 0.07mR/hr.
The tech should next: A)obliterate any radiation symbols and dispose of the container in
regular trash B)dispose of the container as radioactive waste - ANSWER-A) The
exposure rate of the packing material is approximately the same as room background,
so the carton may be disposed of in the regular trash after any radiation symbols are
removed or obliterated.
A contraindication for performing a myocardial perfusion resting study is: A)fasting for 4-
12hr B)drinking cold water prior to the study C)having a nitroglycerin drip D)NPO for 4-
12hr - ANSWER-C) A nitroglycerin drip will interfere with determining if, at rest, the
cardiac arteries are partially occluded.
,A daily uniformity flood for a scintillation camera should contain a minimum of how many
counts: A)1-2 million B)3-5 million C)6-10 million D)20-30 million - ANSWER-B)3-5
million. For a small-FOV-camera, 3 million counts should be acquired; for a large-FOV-
camera, 5 million counts should be obtained.
A dry-column generator is eluted with 5mL of saline, and the eluate containing 863mCi
is collected into a 10mL evacuated vial. What is the concentration of the eluate? -
ANSWER-172.6mCi/mL
A gastric-emptying study uses which of the following radiopharmaceuticals: A)99mTc-
medronate B)99mTc-disida C)99mTc-sulfur colloid D)99mTc-MAA - ANSWER-
C)99mTc-sulfur colloid. Gastric-emptying studies involve combining 99mTc-sulfur
colloid with eggs. (oatmeal)
A gated equilibrium ventricular function study can be performed with which 99mTc-
labeled tracers: A)pentetate B)medronate C)pyrophosphate D)human serum albumin -
ANSWER-D)Many departments label the patient's RBC's with 99mTc-pertechnetate, but
other facilities prefer the immediate availability of 99mTc-albumin. Currently 99mTc-
albumin is available only outside the United States.
A linearity test indicates the dose calibrator's ability to measure the activity over a wide
range of values. True or False? - ANSWER-True. Normally, dose calibrators exhibit a
linear response for activities up to 200mCi (7.4GBq) to 2Ci (74GBq), depending on the
chamber and geometry and the electronics of the dose calibrator, and tend to
underestimate at higher activities.
A nebulizer is used to administer which of the following lung ventilation
radiopharmaceuticals: A)81mKr gas B)133Xe gas C)99mTc-pentetate D)99mTc-MAA -
ANSWER-C)99mTc-pentetate. A nebulizer is a device that uses ultrasound or pressure
to create airborne (aerosol) particles from a liquid.
A NMT measures a 57Co standard in a dose calibrator on these settings: 57Co, 99mTc,
123I, 133Xe, and 201Tl, and then calculates the % difference between the calculated
and measured activities. The NMT is assessing: A)accuracy B)constancy C)linearity -
ANSWER-B)constancy. Using a long-lived source, a reading is obtained for each of the
commonly used preset buttons on the dose calibrator. Although this does not provide an
accurate reading, it shows whether the instrument is performing with precision.
A normal biodistribution of 111In-labeled leukocytes will demonstrate the greatest tracer
uptake at 24hr after injection in which of the following sites: A)bone marrow B)liver
C)lung D)spleen - ANSWER-D) At 24hr after injection, a normal biodistribution of 111In-
labeled leukocytes demonstrates tracer uptake only in the spleen, liver, and bone
marrow. The greatest uptake is in the spleen, followed by the liver and the bone
marrow.
, A package containing radioactive material produces 0.4mR/hr at the surface and no
detectable radiation exposure at 1 meter from the package. What DOT label must be
affixed to the outside of the package? - ANSWER-Category 1 (white)
A package containing radiopharmaceuticals is delivered before the NM department
opens. According to the NRC, the package must be checked in and monitored: A)as
soon as the dept opens B)w/i 3 hr after the dept opens C)w/i 6 hr after the dept opens -
ANSWER-B) NRC regulations state that packages containing radioactive material must
be monitored no later than 3 hr after delivery during regular working hours or within 3 hr
of opening the department.
A parathyroid adenoma will concentrate which of the following radioparmaceuticals:
A)123I-sodium iodide B)99mTc-pertechnetate C)99mTc-sestamibi D)99mTc-
pertechnetate or 99mTc-sestamibi - ANSWER-C)99mTc-sestamibi
A patient can be released after receiving a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical if no other
individual is likely to receive an exposure dose, from being exposed to the patient,
exceeding how many rems: A)0.1 B)0.2 C)0.5 D)5.0 - ANSWER-C)0.5rems
A patient received 5mCi 131I-sodium iodide for treatment of hyperthyroidism. The
patient should adhere to all instructions except: A)minimize close contact with others
B)remain home at lest 30 days C)drink plenty of fluid D)wash hands after using toilet -
ANSWER-C)patients should be given instructions to follow for 3 to 7 days that will
minimize spread of contamination and radiation exposure to others.
A patient receives a unit dosage of 89Sr-chloride intended for another patient.
According to the NRC, does this situation describe a medical event requiring notification
to the NRC, or a medical event that needs to be reported only the the NM supervisor. -
ANSWER-The situation describes a medical event requiring notification of the NRC.
A patient scheduled for 18F-FDG imaging has a blood glucose level of 100mg/dL. The
tech should: A)reschedule the patient B)administer insulin to lower glucose level
C)administer glucose to raise glucose level D)proceed with the exam - ANSWER-D) In
an adult, a normal fasting blood glucose level is 70-115mg/dL. Because the patient's
blood glucose level is within the normal range, the technologist can proceed with the
examination.
A patient scheduled for scintimammography has symptoms involving her left breast.
Which of the following sites is the best choice for injection of the radiopharmaceutical:
A)right antecubital B)right carotid C)left carotid D)left hand - ANSWER-A)right
antecubital. If the suspected disease is in the left breast, it would be best to use the
contralateral side of the body for injection at a site distant from the breast or lymph
nodes, which may also be involved.
A patient with a chest tube arrives in the NM dept for an imaging study. The tech
should: A)place the chest tube's external apparatus on the imaging table next to patient
