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1. DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid,an organisms genetic information
2. Deoxyribose: the 5 carbon sugar that makes up the back bone of
the dna molecule
3. Phosphate group: the 3 phosphates that make up the back bone of
the dna molecule
4. Nucleotide: made up of 1 deoxyribose, 1 phosphate group and one of 4
nitrogen bases (a,t,c,g)
5. Adenine: a dna component, a chemical (purine) that is always combined
with a thymine (pyrimidine)
6. Guanine: a dna component, a chemical (purine) that is always combined
with a cytosine (pyrimidine)
7. Thymine: a dna component, a chemical (pyrimidine) that is always
combined with an adenine (purine)
8. Cytosine: a dna component, a chemical (pyrimidine) that is always
combined with an guanine (purine)
9. Base Pair Rule: the rule for nitrogen base pairing, A-T & G-C
10. Double Helix: the shape of the DNA molecule, like a twisted ladder
11. Hydrogen Bond: the weak bond that holds nitrogen bases (a,t,c,g)
together
12. DNA replication: the process by which a cell copies a dna molecule
prior to mitosis
13. Helicase: an enzyme that "unzips" the dna molecule in preparation for
replica- tion
14. DNA Polymerase: an enzyme that finds and places complimentary
nucleotides in open areas of the original dna strand
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