NCLEX 75 Questions and Answers for
2025
1. Increase in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
Forced Vital Capacity is the volume of air exhaled from full inhalation to full
exhalation. A patient with COPD would have a decrease in FVC. Incorrect.
2. A narrowed chest cavity
A patient with COPD often presents with a 'barrel chest,' which is seen as a
widened chest cavity. Incorrect.
3. Clubbed fingers - CORRECT
Clubbed fingers are a sign of a long-term, or chronic, decrease in oxygen
levels.
4. An increased risk of cardiac failure
Although a patient with these conditions would indeed be at an increased risk
for cardiac failure, this is a potential complication and not an assessment
finding. Incorrect. - The nurse is taking the health history of a patient being
treated for Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis. After being told the patient
has been smoking cigarettes for 30 years, the nurse expects to note which
assessment finding?
1. Increase in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
2. A narrowed chest cavity
3. Clubbed fingers
4. An increased risk of cardiac failure
1. Melena - CORRECT
Melena is the finding that there are traces of blood in the stool which presents
as black, tarry feces. This is a common manifestation of Duodenal Ulcers,
since the Duodenum is further down the gastric anatomy.
2. Nausea
Nausea may be present, but is a generalized symptom and by itself doesn't
indicate a Duodenal Ulcer. Incorrect.
,3. Hernia
A Hernia is a protrusion of a segment of the abdomen through another
abdominal structure. It is not associated with an Ulcer and is a condition, not
an assessment finding. Incorrect.
4. Hyperthermia
Hyperthermia, a high temperature, is not an assessment finding of a Duodenal
Ulcer. Incorrect - The nurse is taking the health history of a 70-year-old patient
being treated for a Duodenal Ulcer. After being told the patient is complaining
of epigastric pain, the nurse expects to note which assessment finding?
1. Melena
2. Nausea
3. Hernia
4. Hyperthermia
1. "I'm going to limit my meals to 2-3 per day to reduce acid secretion."
CORRECT - Large meals increase the volume and pressure in the stomach
and delay gastric emptying. It's recommended instead to eat 4-6 small meals
a day.
2. "I'm going to make sure to remain upright after meals and elevate my head
when I sleep"
Incorrect - This is a correct verbalization of health promotion for GERD.
3. "I won't be drinking tea or coffee or eating chocolate any more."
Incorrect - This is a correct verbalization of health promotion for GERD.
4. "I'm going to start trying to lose some weight."
Incorrect - This is a correct verbalization of health promotion for GERD. - A
nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient with severe
Gastroesophogeal Reflux Disease. Which of these statements by the patient
indicates a need for more teaching?
1. "I'm going to limit my meals to 2-3 per day to reduce acid secretion."
2. "I'm going to make sure to remain upright after meals and elevate my head
when I sleep"
3. "I won't be drinking tea or coffee or eating chocolate any more."
,4. "I'm going to start trying to lose some weight."
1. Start a large-bore IV in the patient's arm
CORRECT - The nurse should suspect that the patient is haemorrhaging and
will need need a fluid replacement therapy, which requires a large bore IV.
2. Ask the patient for a stool sample
Incorrect - While this is useful in the diagnosis and assessment of Peptic Ulcer
Disease, it is not the priority intervention.
3. Prepare to insert an NG Tube
Incorrect - While this intervention may be used in the later stages of Peptic
Ulcer Disease, it is not the first and priority intervention.
4. Administer intramuscular morphine sulphate as ordered
Incorrect - While this is an important intervention to manage pain, it is not the
priority intervention. - The nurse in the Emergency Room is treating a patient
suspected to have a Peptic Ulcer. On assessing lab results, the nurse finds
that the patient's blood pressure is 95/60, pulse is 110 beats per minute, and
the patient reports epigastric pain. What is the PRIORITY intervention?
1. Start a large-bore IV in the patient's arm
2. Ask the patient for a stool sample
3. Prepare to insert an NG Tube
4. Administer intramuscular morphine sulphate as ordered
1. Hemoglobin 11 g/dl
This is below normal, but a normal female hemoglobin is 12-14. There is a
more critical lab result.
2. Platelet of 150,000
This is also below the normal values, but is not the most critical lab result.
3. INR of 2.5
This is a therapeutic range for a patient who is taking an anticoagulant for
atrial fibrillation
4. Potassium of 2.7 mEq/L
, CORRECT - A potassium imbalance for a patient with a history of dysrhythmia
can be life-threatening and can lead to cardiac distress. - A female patient with
atrial fibrillation has the following lab results: Hemoglobin of 11 g/dl, a platelet
count of 150,000, an INR of 2.5, and potassium of 2.7 mEq/L. Which result is
critical and should be reported to the physician immediately?
1. Hemoglobin 11 g/dl
2. Platelet of 150,000
3. INR of 2.5
4. Potassium of 2.7 mEq/L
1. Stop the saline infusion immediately
CORRECT - the patient has a fluid volume overload as a result of overly rapid
fluid replacement. The nurse should stop the infusion and notify the physician.
2. Notify Physician
This is not the first action the nurse should take.
3. Elevate the patient's legs
This would help with the edema, but is not a priority
4. Continue the infusion, since these are normal findings
This is not a normal finding - While receiving normal saline infusions to treat a
GI bleed, the nurse notes that the patient's lower legs have become
edematous and auscultates crackles in the lungs. What should the nurse do
first?
1. Stop the saline infusion immediately
2. Notify Physician
3. Elevate the patient's legs
4. Continue the infusion, since these are normal findings
1. They must inform household members of their condition
Incorrect - Each patient has a right to privacy of their medical condition. It is
their choice whether they inform household members.
2. They must take their medications exactly as prescribed
CORRECT - Antiretrovirals must be taken exactly as prescribed to prevent
drug-resistant strains. Even missed doses can reduce the effectiveness of
future treatment.
2025
1. Increase in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
Forced Vital Capacity is the volume of air exhaled from full inhalation to full
exhalation. A patient with COPD would have a decrease in FVC. Incorrect.
2. A narrowed chest cavity
A patient with COPD often presents with a 'barrel chest,' which is seen as a
widened chest cavity. Incorrect.
3. Clubbed fingers - CORRECT
Clubbed fingers are a sign of a long-term, or chronic, decrease in oxygen
levels.
4. An increased risk of cardiac failure
Although a patient with these conditions would indeed be at an increased risk
for cardiac failure, this is a potential complication and not an assessment
finding. Incorrect. - The nurse is taking the health history of a patient being
treated for Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis. After being told the patient
has been smoking cigarettes for 30 years, the nurse expects to note which
assessment finding?
1. Increase in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
2. A narrowed chest cavity
3. Clubbed fingers
4. An increased risk of cardiac failure
1. Melena - CORRECT
Melena is the finding that there are traces of blood in the stool which presents
as black, tarry feces. This is a common manifestation of Duodenal Ulcers,
since the Duodenum is further down the gastric anatomy.
2. Nausea
Nausea may be present, but is a generalized symptom and by itself doesn't
indicate a Duodenal Ulcer. Incorrect.
,3. Hernia
A Hernia is a protrusion of a segment of the abdomen through another
abdominal structure. It is not associated with an Ulcer and is a condition, not
an assessment finding. Incorrect.
4. Hyperthermia
Hyperthermia, a high temperature, is not an assessment finding of a Duodenal
Ulcer. Incorrect - The nurse is taking the health history of a 70-year-old patient
being treated for a Duodenal Ulcer. After being told the patient is complaining
of epigastric pain, the nurse expects to note which assessment finding?
1. Melena
2. Nausea
3. Hernia
4. Hyperthermia
1. "I'm going to limit my meals to 2-3 per day to reduce acid secretion."
CORRECT - Large meals increase the volume and pressure in the stomach
and delay gastric emptying. It's recommended instead to eat 4-6 small meals
a day.
2. "I'm going to make sure to remain upright after meals and elevate my head
when I sleep"
Incorrect - This is a correct verbalization of health promotion for GERD.
3. "I won't be drinking tea or coffee or eating chocolate any more."
Incorrect - This is a correct verbalization of health promotion for GERD.
4. "I'm going to start trying to lose some weight."
Incorrect - This is a correct verbalization of health promotion for GERD. - A
nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient with severe
Gastroesophogeal Reflux Disease. Which of these statements by the patient
indicates a need for more teaching?
1. "I'm going to limit my meals to 2-3 per day to reduce acid secretion."
2. "I'm going to make sure to remain upright after meals and elevate my head
when I sleep"
3. "I won't be drinking tea or coffee or eating chocolate any more."
,4. "I'm going to start trying to lose some weight."
1. Start a large-bore IV in the patient's arm
CORRECT - The nurse should suspect that the patient is haemorrhaging and
will need need a fluid replacement therapy, which requires a large bore IV.
2. Ask the patient for a stool sample
Incorrect - While this is useful in the diagnosis and assessment of Peptic Ulcer
Disease, it is not the priority intervention.
3. Prepare to insert an NG Tube
Incorrect - While this intervention may be used in the later stages of Peptic
Ulcer Disease, it is not the first and priority intervention.
4. Administer intramuscular morphine sulphate as ordered
Incorrect - While this is an important intervention to manage pain, it is not the
priority intervention. - The nurse in the Emergency Room is treating a patient
suspected to have a Peptic Ulcer. On assessing lab results, the nurse finds
that the patient's blood pressure is 95/60, pulse is 110 beats per minute, and
the patient reports epigastric pain. What is the PRIORITY intervention?
1. Start a large-bore IV in the patient's arm
2. Ask the patient for a stool sample
3. Prepare to insert an NG Tube
4. Administer intramuscular morphine sulphate as ordered
1. Hemoglobin 11 g/dl
This is below normal, but a normal female hemoglobin is 12-14. There is a
more critical lab result.
2. Platelet of 150,000
This is also below the normal values, but is not the most critical lab result.
3. INR of 2.5
This is a therapeutic range for a patient who is taking an anticoagulant for
atrial fibrillation
4. Potassium of 2.7 mEq/L
, CORRECT - A potassium imbalance for a patient with a history of dysrhythmia
can be life-threatening and can lead to cardiac distress. - A female patient with
atrial fibrillation has the following lab results: Hemoglobin of 11 g/dl, a platelet
count of 150,000, an INR of 2.5, and potassium of 2.7 mEq/L. Which result is
critical and should be reported to the physician immediately?
1. Hemoglobin 11 g/dl
2. Platelet of 150,000
3. INR of 2.5
4. Potassium of 2.7 mEq/L
1. Stop the saline infusion immediately
CORRECT - the patient has a fluid volume overload as a result of overly rapid
fluid replacement. The nurse should stop the infusion and notify the physician.
2. Notify Physician
This is not the first action the nurse should take.
3. Elevate the patient's legs
This would help with the edema, but is not a priority
4. Continue the infusion, since these are normal findings
This is not a normal finding - While receiving normal saline infusions to treat a
GI bleed, the nurse notes that the patient's lower legs have become
edematous and auscultates crackles in the lungs. What should the nurse do
first?
1. Stop the saline infusion immediately
2. Notify Physician
3. Elevate the patient's legs
4. Continue the infusion, since these are normal findings
1. They must inform household members of their condition
Incorrect - Each patient has a right to privacy of their medical condition. It is
their choice whether they inform household members.
2. They must take their medications exactly as prescribed
CORRECT - Antiretrovirals must be taken exactly as prescribed to prevent
drug-resistant strains. Even missed doses can reduce the effectiveness of
future treatment.
