EXAMBANK
BEST REVIEWS GCSE (9–
1)Ancient HistoryJ198/02
Rome and its neighbours
OCR
EXAMBANK
3/24/2025
, OxfordCambridgeandRSA
Thursday23May2024–Afternoon
GCSE (9–1)Ancient History
J198/02Romeandits neighbours
Timeallowed:2 hours
*1367864668*
Youmusthave:
• theOCR12-pageAnswer Booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
• Useblackink.
• WriteyouranswertoeachquestionintheAnswerBooklet.Thequestionnumbersmust be
clearly shown.
• FillintheboxesonthefrontoftheAnswerBooklet.
• AnswerallthequestionsinSectionAandallthequestionsineitherSectionBor
SectionCorSectionD.
INFORMATION
• Thetotalmarkforthispaperis 105.
• Themarksforeachquestionareshowninbrackets[].
• Qualityofextendedresponsewillbeassessedinquestionsmarkedwithanasterisk(*).
• Spelling,punctuationandgrammar(SPaG)andtheuseofspecialistterminologywillbe
assessed in questions marked with a pencil ().
• This document has8 pages.
ADVICE
• Readeachquestioncarefullybeforeyoustartyour answer.
©OCR2024[603/0664/6] OCRisanexempt Charity
DC (SK) 332652/5 Turnover
, 2
SectionA
ThefoundationsofRome:Fromkingshiptorepublic,753–440BC
1
(a) IdentifyoneofthemythsaboutthechildhoodofServiusTullius. [1]
(b) IdentifyoneoftheproblemsfacingtheplebeiansbeforetheFirstSecession. [1]
(c) StatetwoimportanteventsthatweresaidtohavetakenplaceduringthetimeofRomulus’ kingship.
[2]
2 OutlinehowLuciusJuniusBrutushelpedcreatetheRoman Republic. [6]
PassageA
The year (445BC) was full of difficulties…The tribune of the plebeians, Gaius Canuleius, wanted
to pass a law allowing plebeians and patricians to marry (and to allow plebeians to become
consuls).Thesenatorswerefurious…ThesenatorsbelievedthatifGaiussucceeded,theywould have to
share power with the dregs of society, and eventually lose power altogether…
TheSenatewasoverjoyedwhentheyweretoldArdeawasrevolting,theVeientes,Volsciand Aequi were
preparing for war. So, the Senate exaggerated these threats and convinced the consuls to
prepare the plebeians for war…
GaiusgaveadefiantspeechintheSenate.Hesaidforcingtheplebeiansintothearmywouldnot stop them
from demanding new laws.As long as he lived, he would not hold a levy. Gaius then called an
assembly of the plebeians.
Livy,TheHistoryofRome4.1
dregs–worstpartfoundatthebottomlevy –torecruitsoldiersforthearmy
3 Using details from PassageA and your own knowledge, what can we learn about the rights and
livesofplebeiansbetween509and440BC? [10]
4 Using details from PassageA and your own knowledge, explain why plebeians’lives did not
significantly improve between 509 and 440BC. [15]
5* ‘AllofRome’skings failed.’
Towhatextentdoyouagreewiththisview? [20]
()Spelling,punctuationandgrammarandtheuseofspecialistterminology [5]
©OCR2024 J198/02Jun24
, 3
Section B
HannibalandtheSecondPunicWar,218–201BC
6
(a) NametheleaderofCarthage,appointedbyRome,afteritssurrenderin201BC. [1]
(b) IdentifytwowaysSpainhelpedCarthageduringtheSecondPunicWar. [2]
(c) IdentifytwoproblemsfacingHannibalafterthebattleof Cannae. [2]
PassageB
SuchwasthefamousbattleofTrasimene.15000Romansdiedinthebattle;10000,scatteredin
theirescape,travelledbacktoRomebydifferentroutes.2500enemysoldiersdiedinbattle,and many
more afterwards, from their wounds.
Manymorelossesonbothsidesarerecordedbyothers;Imyself(besidesthepointthatIwould never
exaggerate anything unnecessarily, which historians in general are all too inclined to do), have
taken Fabius, a contemporary of this war, as my primary source.
Hannibal dismissed all Latin prisoners without a ransom; he put Roman prisoners in
chains.Heorderedthatthebodiesofhismenshouldbeseparatedfromtheheapsofenemydeadand
buried. He would have also given Flaminius a funeral, but despite searching for his body with
immense care, he could not find it.
Livy,TheHistoryofRome22.7
7 WhatcanwelearnfromPassageBabouttheaftermathofthebattleofTrasimene? [5]
8 UsingdetailsfromPassageB,howaccurateisLivy’sdescriptionofeventsafterthebattle of
Trasimene? [5]
9 ExplainthemainmistakesthattheRomanconsulsmadeatTrebia,TrasimeneandCannae. [10]
10* ‘Hannibal’sgreatestachievementwascrossingtheAlps.’
Towhatextentdoyouagreewiththisstatement?
Youmustuseandanalysetheancientsourcesyouhavestudiedaswellassupportingyour answer
with your own knowledge. [20]
©OCR2024 J198/02Jun24 Turnover
BEST REVIEWS GCSE (9–
1)Ancient HistoryJ198/02
Rome and its neighbours
OCR
EXAMBANK
3/24/2025
, OxfordCambridgeandRSA
Thursday23May2024–Afternoon
GCSE (9–1)Ancient History
J198/02Romeandits neighbours
Timeallowed:2 hours
*1367864668*
Youmusthave:
• theOCR12-pageAnswer Booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
• Useblackink.
• WriteyouranswertoeachquestionintheAnswerBooklet.Thequestionnumbersmust be
clearly shown.
• FillintheboxesonthefrontoftheAnswerBooklet.
• AnswerallthequestionsinSectionAandallthequestionsineitherSectionBor
SectionCorSectionD.
INFORMATION
• Thetotalmarkforthispaperis 105.
• Themarksforeachquestionareshowninbrackets[].
• Qualityofextendedresponsewillbeassessedinquestionsmarkedwithanasterisk(*).
• Spelling,punctuationandgrammar(SPaG)andtheuseofspecialistterminologywillbe
assessed in questions marked with a pencil ().
• This document has8 pages.
ADVICE
• Readeachquestioncarefullybeforeyoustartyour answer.
©OCR2024[603/0664/6] OCRisanexempt Charity
DC (SK) 332652/5 Turnover
, 2
SectionA
ThefoundationsofRome:Fromkingshiptorepublic,753–440BC
1
(a) IdentifyoneofthemythsaboutthechildhoodofServiusTullius. [1]
(b) IdentifyoneoftheproblemsfacingtheplebeiansbeforetheFirstSecession. [1]
(c) StatetwoimportanteventsthatweresaidtohavetakenplaceduringthetimeofRomulus’ kingship.
[2]
2 OutlinehowLuciusJuniusBrutushelpedcreatetheRoman Republic. [6]
PassageA
The year (445BC) was full of difficulties…The tribune of the plebeians, Gaius Canuleius, wanted
to pass a law allowing plebeians and patricians to marry (and to allow plebeians to become
consuls).Thesenatorswerefurious…ThesenatorsbelievedthatifGaiussucceeded,theywould have to
share power with the dregs of society, and eventually lose power altogether…
TheSenatewasoverjoyedwhentheyweretoldArdeawasrevolting,theVeientes,Volsciand Aequi were
preparing for war. So, the Senate exaggerated these threats and convinced the consuls to
prepare the plebeians for war…
GaiusgaveadefiantspeechintheSenate.Hesaidforcingtheplebeiansintothearmywouldnot stop them
from demanding new laws.As long as he lived, he would not hold a levy. Gaius then called an
assembly of the plebeians.
Livy,TheHistoryofRome4.1
dregs–worstpartfoundatthebottomlevy –torecruitsoldiersforthearmy
3 Using details from PassageA and your own knowledge, what can we learn about the rights and
livesofplebeiansbetween509and440BC? [10]
4 Using details from PassageA and your own knowledge, explain why plebeians’lives did not
significantly improve between 509 and 440BC. [15]
5* ‘AllofRome’skings failed.’
Towhatextentdoyouagreewiththisview? [20]
()Spelling,punctuationandgrammarandtheuseofspecialistterminology [5]
©OCR2024 J198/02Jun24
, 3
Section B
HannibalandtheSecondPunicWar,218–201BC
6
(a) NametheleaderofCarthage,appointedbyRome,afteritssurrenderin201BC. [1]
(b) IdentifytwowaysSpainhelpedCarthageduringtheSecondPunicWar. [2]
(c) IdentifytwoproblemsfacingHannibalafterthebattleof Cannae. [2]
PassageB
SuchwasthefamousbattleofTrasimene.15000Romansdiedinthebattle;10000,scatteredin
theirescape,travelledbacktoRomebydifferentroutes.2500enemysoldiersdiedinbattle,and many
more afterwards, from their wounds.
Manymorelossesonbothsidesarerecordedbyothers;Imyself(besidesthepointthatIwould never
exaggerate anything unnecessarily, which historians in general are all too inclined to do), have
taken Fabius, a contemporary of this war, as my primary source.
Hannibal dismissed all Latin prisoners without a ransom; he put Roman prisoners in
chains.Heorderedthatthebodiesofhismenshouldbeseparatedfromtheheapsofenemydeadand
buried. He would have also given Flaminius a funeral, but despite searching for his body with
immense care, he could not find it.
Livy,TheHistoryofRome22.7
7 WhatcanwelearnfromPassageBabouttheaftermathofthebattleofTrasimene? [5]
8 UsingdetailsfromPassageB,howaccurateisLivy’sdescriptionofeventsafterthebattle of
Trasimene? [5]
9 ExplainthemainmistakesthattheRomanconsulsmadeatTrebia,TrasimeneandCannae. [10]
10* ‘Hannibal’sgreatestachievementwascrossingtheAlps.’
Towhatextentdoyouagreewiththisstatement?
Youmustuseandanalysetheancientsourcesyouhavestudiedaswellassupportingyour answer
with your own knowledge. [20]
©OCR2024 J198/02Jun24 Turnover
