PCCN CARDIAC EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Calculate the cardiac output for a pt with a HR of 70 and a SV of 65 ml. - (answer) HR X SV=CO
70 X 65= 4550
4.6 L/min
Calculate the cardiac output for a pt with a HR of 70 and a SV of 65 ml.
HR X SV=CO - (answer) HR X SV=CO
70 X 65= 4550
4.6 L/min
What % of the cardiac cycle is provided by the atrial kick?
• 15%
• 20%
• 30%
• 35% - (answer) 20%
Atrial kick is a term that represents the amount of the total CO that is supplied via atrial contraction.
If the pt has a condition or dysrhythmia that impairs or eliminates the atrial contraction, the pt may be
compromised.
Atrial Kick - (answer) Atrial kick is a term that represents the amount of the total CO that is supplied via
atrial contraction.
A normal value for an EF would be?
• 65%
• 40%
• 30%
• 25% - (answer) 65%
,PCCN CARDIAC EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
The EF should be more than 50%. It represents the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle
compared to the total amount available, expressed as a %. An EF of 35% or less indicates a problem with
contractility, outflow or filling.
EXA: If the ventricle contains 90ml of blood and 50mls are ejected, the amount would be expressed as a
%, in this case 55%.
A 67 year old male is admitted with chest pain after collapsing at home. He is arguing with his wife that
he should not be admitted because he "just over did it" while working in the world. Lee's wife states to
you that his chest pain is more frequent, severe and prolonged than before. You should anticipate what
diagnosis?
• Exertional angina
• Unstable angina
• Variant angina
• Stable angina - (answer) UNSTABLE ANGINA
The change in quality, frequency, and duration indicates UNSTABLE ANGINA and may indicate that the pt
is at increased risk for an MI. This pt should be closely monitored for EKG changes and rhythm
disturbances. Pt/ family teaching should begin on how to identify an MI and basic CPR.
Stroke Volume is comprised of which of the following factors?
• Blood volume, viscosity, impedance
• Cardiac output, HR, compliance
• Contractility, preload, afterload
• Compliance, impedance, HR - (answer) Contractility, preload and afterload
A reflex tachycardia caused by the stretch of the right atrial receptors is known as the ____
• Herring-Sines law
• Renin-angiotensin system
• Starling's law
• Bainbridge reflex - (answer) BAINBRIDGE REFLEX
,PCCN CARDIAC EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
It is believed that this reflex exists to speed up the HR if the right side becomes overloaded, thereby
helping equalize pressures on both sides
Diastole comprises what & of the cardiac cycle?
•½
• 2/3
•¼
• 1/3 - (answer) 2/3
Some people that the heart is virtually static during diastole.
During this period, the cardiac vessels and chambers fill—a process that takes up 2/3s of the time
necessary to complete the cardiac cycle
What is the MAP (mean arterial pressure) for pt:
BP 120/70
HR 80 - (answer) MAP=2(DBP) + (SBP)/3
MAP=2(70) + 120/3
MAP=260/3
MAP=86.6
Pts should maintain a MAP of at least 60 to ensure adequate perfusion to the brain and kidneys.
What is the MAP (mean arterial pressure) for pt:
BP 120/70
HR 80
MAP=2(DBP) + (SBP)/3 - (answer) MAP=2(70) + 120/3
MAP=260/3
MAP=86.6
Pts should maintain a MAP of at least 60 to ensure adequate perfusion to the brain and kidneys.
, PCCN CARDIAC EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Calculate CI (cardiac index)
HR 80
BP 110/70
SV 60
BSA 2.0 m2
Expressed in L/min/m2 - (answer) CI=CO/BSA
CO=HR X SV
CO=80 X 60
CI=4800/2.0
CI=2400
CI=2.4 L/min/m2
Calculate CI (cardiac index)
HR 80
BP 110/70
SV 60
BSA 2.0 m2
Expressed in L/min/m2
CI=CO/BSA - (answer) CI=CO/BSA
CO=HR X SV
CO=80 X 60
CI=4800/2.0
CI=2400
CI=2.4 L/min/m2
The resistance against which the right ventricle must work to eject its volume is known as
• Resting heart pressure
Calculate the cardiac output for a pt with a HR of 70 and a SV of 65 ml. - (answer) HR X SV=CO
70 X 65= 4550
4.6 L/min
Calculate the cardiac output for a pt with a HR of 70 and a SV of 65 ml.
HR X SV=CO - (answer) HR X SV=CO
70 X 65= 4550
4.6 L/min
What % of the cardiac cycle is provided by the atrial kick?
• 15%
• 20%
• 30%
• 35% - (answer) 20%
Atrial kick is a term that represents the amount of the total CO that is supplied via atrial contraction.
If the pt has a condition or dysrhythmia that impairs or eliminates the atrial contraction, the pt may be
compromised.
Atrial Kick - (answer) Atrial kick is a term that represents the amount of the total CO that is supplied via
atrial contraction.
A normal value for an EF would be?
• 65%
• 40%
• 30%
• 25% - (answer) 65%
,PCCN CARDIAC EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
The EF should be more than 50%. It represents the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle
compared to the total amount available, expressed as a %. An EF of 35% or less indicates a problem with
contractility, outflow or filling.
EXA: If the ventricle contains 90ml of blood and 50mls are ejected, the amount would be expressed as a
%, in this case 55%.
A 67 year old male is admitted with chest pain after collapsing at home. He is arguing with his wife that
he should not be admitted because he "just over did it" while working in the world. Lee's wife states to
you that his chest pain is more frequent, severe and prolonged than before. You should anticipate what
diagnosis?
• Exertional angina
• Unstable angina
• Variant angina
• Stable angina - (answer) UNSTABLE ANGINA
The change in quality, frequency, and duration indicates UNSTABLE ANGINA and may indicate that the pt
is at increased risk for an MI. This pt should be closely monitored for EKG changes and rhythm
disturbances. Pt/ family teaching should begin on how to identify an MI and basic CPR.
Stroke Volume is comprised of which of the following factors?
• Blood volume, viscosity, impedance
• Cardiac output, HR, compliance
• Contractility, preload, afterload
• Compliance, impedance, HR - (answer) Contractility, preload and afterload
A reflex tachycardia caused by the stretch of the right atrial receptors is known as the ____
• Herring-Sines law
• Renin-angiotensin system
• Starling's law
• Bainbridge reflex - (answer) BAINBRIDGE REFLEX
,PCCN CARDIAC EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
It is believed that this reflex exists to speed up the HR if the right side becomes overloaded, thereby
helping equalize pressures on both sides
Diastole comprises what & of the cardiac cycle?
•½
• 2/3
•¼
• 1/3 - (answer) 2/3
Some people that the heart is virtually static during diastole.
During this period, the cardiac vessels and chambers fill—a process that takes up 2/3s of the time
necessary to complete the cardiac cycle
What is the MAP (mean arterial pressure) for pt:
BP 120/70
HR 80 - (answer) MAP=2(DBP) + (SBP)/3
MAP=2(70) + 120/3
MAP=260/3
MAP=86.6
Pts should maintain a MAP of at least 60 to ensure adequate perfusion to the brain and kidneys.
What is the MAP (mean arterial pressure) for pt:
BP 120/70
HR 80
MAP=2(DBP) + (SBP)/3 - (answer) MAP=2(70) + 120/3
MAP=260/3
MAP=86.6
Pts should maintain a MAP of at least 60 to ensure adequate perfusion to the brain and kidneys.
, PCCN CARDIAC EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Calculate CI (cardiac index)
HR 80
BP 110/70
SV 60
BSA 2.0 m2
Expressed in L/min/m2 - (answer) CI=CO/BSA
CO=HR X SV
CO=80 X 60
CI=4800/2.0
CI=2400
CI=2.4 L/min/m2
Calculate CI (cardiac index)
HR 80
BP 110/70
SV 60
BSA 2.0 m2
Expressed in L/min/m2
CI=CO/BSA - (answer) CI=CO/BSA
CO=HR X SV
CO=80 X 60
CI=4800/2.0
CI=2400
CI=2.4 L/min/m2
The resistance against which the right ventricle must work to eject its volume is known as
• Resting heart pressure
