IB ESS - Unit 2 EXAM BEST ANSWERS 2024-
2025 WITH 100% GUARANTEED SOLUTIONS
N
species
group of organisms with shared characteristics that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
Ecosystems
-biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment
-community=group of populations living + interacting in same area
Biotic factors
-living components of an ecosystem and their roles
-abundance of organisms (density, percentage cover or frequency), identification of species,
biomass, species richness and diversity.
Abiotic factors
-nonliving (physical and chemical) components of an ecosystem
-temperature, salinity or wind speed
Niche
particular environment and "lifestyle" that a species has.
(where lives and breeds, activity patterns, and interactions w/ others)
Fundamental niche
potential mode of existence of the species (how long it could survive itself)
Realized Niche
how long species actually exists with/after competition for resources
Habitat
environment where a species usually lives
Spatial habitat
, -space an individual organism takes up in its environment
-if organism is present, then surroundings change
-Ex: organisms that burrows affects the soil and the plants that grow in the soil
3 Main Types of Ecosystems
-terrestrial (land)
-freshwater (rivers and lakes)
-marine (ocean, salt marsh, etc.)
Key abiotic factors in a marine ecosystem:
-Temperature
-pH
-Dissolved oxygen
-Salinity
-Wave action
Key abiotic factors in a freshwater ecosystem:
-Temperature
-pH
-Dissolved oxygen
-Turbidity
-Flow velocity
What is dissolved oxygen for?
respiration
Key abiotic factors in a terrestrial ecosystem:
-Temperature
-Light intensity
-Wind speed
-Soil particle size, content, & moisture
-Drainage
-Slope
Population
-group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time
-ex: feeding is key
percent change (gain or loss)
2025 WITH 100% GUARANTEED SOLUTIONS
N
species
group of organisms with shared characteristics that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
Ecosystems
-biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment
-community=group of populations living + interacting in same area
Biotic factors
-living components of an ecosystem and their roles
-abundance of organisms (density, percentage cover or frequency), identification of species,
biomass, species richness and diversity.
Abiotic factors
-nonliving (physical and chemical) components of an ecosystem
-temperature, salinity or wind speed
Niche
particular environment and "lifestyle" that a species has.
(where lives and breeds, activity patterns, and interactions w/ others)
Fundamental niche
potential mode of existence of the species (how long it could survive itself)
Realized Niche
how long species actually exists with/after competition for resources
Habitat
environment where a species usually lives
Spatial habitat
, -space an individual organism takes up in its environment
-if organism is present, then surroundings change
-Ex: organisms that burrows affects the soil and the plants that grow in the soil
3 Main Types of Ecosystems
-terrestrial (land)
-freshwater (rivers and lakes)
-marine (ocean, salt marsh, etc.)
Key abiotic factors in a marine ecosystem:
-Temperature
-pH
-Dissolved oxygen
-Salinity
-Wave action
Key abiotic factors in a freshwater ecosystem:
-Temperature
-pH
-Dissolved oxygen
-Turbidity
-Flow velocity
What is dissolved oxygen for?
respiration
Key abiotic factors in a terrestrial ecosystem:
-Temperature
-Light intensity
-Wind speed
-Soil particle size, content, & moisture
-Drainage
-Slope
Population
-group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time
-ex: feeding is key
percent change (gain or loss)
