MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
(MSK) EXAM QUESTIONS AND THEIR
REVIEWED SOLUTIONS
3 categories of bone shape
long
irregular
flat
describe the composition of bones
70% mineral composition
30% organic which is made of 2% cells (osteo -
blasts/cytes/clasts) and 98% matrix (collagen)
Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?
A) Structural support
B) Blood cell production
C) Regulation of body temperature
D) Mineral storage
A: C) Regulation of body temperature
Which component makes up the largest proportion of
bone composition?
A) Osteoblasts
B) Hydroxyapatite
C) Collagen
D) Osteoclasts
A: B) Hydroxyapatite
, What is the role of osteoblasts?
A) Breaking down bone tissue
B) Forming new bone tissue
C) Transporting calcium into the blood
D) Regulating muscle contraction
A: B) Forming new bone tissue
Which hormone stimulates osteoclast activity?
A) Calcitonin
B) Parathyroid hormone
C) Insulin
D) Growth hormone
A: B) Parathyroid hormone
Describe the role of osteoclasts in bone remodeling.
A: Osteoclasts break down bone tissue by releasing
hydrogen ions (H+), proteases, and collagenase, which
dissolve the mineralized matrix and allow for bone
resorption. This process is crucial for bone growth, repair,
and calcium homeostasis.
How does mechanical stress affect bone structure?
A: Bone adapts to mechanical stress through Wolff's Law:
increased stress leads to bone strengthening, while lack of
stress causes bone resorption.
A patient with osteoporosis has fragile bones prone to
fractures. What could be the cause at the cellular
level?
A:
Increased osteoclast activity leading to excessive bone
resorption.
Decreased osteoblast activity, reducing bone formation.
(MSK) EXAM QUESTIONS AND THEIR
REVIEWED SOLUTIONS
3 categories of bone shape
long
irregular
flat
describe the composition of bones
70% mineral composition
30% organic which is made of 2% cells (osteo -
blasts/cytes/clasts) and 98% matrix (collagen)
Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?
A) Structural support
B) Blood cell production
C) Regulation of body temperature
D) Mineral storage
A: C) Regulation of body temperature
Which component makes up the largest proportion of
bone composition?
A) Osteoblasts
B) Hydroxyapatite
C) Collagen
D) Osteoclasts
A: B) Hydroxyapatite
, What is the role of osteoblasts?
A) Breaking down bone tissue
B) Forming new bone tissue
C) Transporting calcium into the blood
D) Regulating muscle contraction
A: B) Forming new bone tissue
Which hormone stimulates osteoclast activity?
A) Calcitonin
B) Parathyroid hormone
C) Insulin
D) Growth hormone
A: B) Parathyroid hormone
Describe the role of osteoclasts in bone remodeling.
A: Osteoclasts break down bone tissue by releasing
hydrogen ions (H+), proteases, and collagenase, which
dissolve the mineralized matrix and allow for bone
resorption. This process is crucial for bone growth, repair,
and calcium homeostasis.
How does mechanical stress affect bone structure?
A: Bone adapts to mechanical stress through Wolff's Law:
increased stress leads to bone strengthening, while lack of
stress causes bone resorption.
A patient with osteoporosis has fragile bones prone to
fractures. What could be the cause at the cellular
level?
A:
Increased osteoclast activity leading to excessive bone
resorption.
Decreased osteoblast activity, reducing bone formation.
