Kazimir Cleary
PSY101B
Class Notes
Professor Ogley-Oliver
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/10/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Psychology- A science that helps you understand your mental activity, behaviors, and brain process
Empiricism- an approach to epistemology holding that all knowledge of matters of fact either
arises from experience or requires experience for its validation.
● Conduct psychological research
● Use an objective, evidence-based approach
● It may contradict people's original idea
- Need to know about examples used
- Evidence outcome depends on who you research
1)Need an assumption using intuition - Ex. Calories on food menus affect people's food choices
2)Test the assumption using empirical evidence
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/15/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Experimental Method: a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the
efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried/Testing the hypothesis.
Correlational Method: Relationship/How the variables relate to each other
Descriptive Method: Case Studies; Observational Studies; Self Reports
Independent Variable: The manipulated variable
Dependent Variable: The outcome of the manipulated variable on the subject
SPRA(Scholarly Peer Reviewed Article): Peer review is the process by which an author's peers,
recognized researchers in the field, read and evaluate a paper (article) submitted for publication
and recommend whether the paper should be published, revised, or rejected. Peer review is a
widely accepted indicator of quality scholarship in a discipline or field.
Theoretical SPRA: Not collecting data, Just theorizing and developing questions and hypotheses.
Review SPRA: Just reviewed not collecting data.
Empirical SPRA: Articles based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience
rather than theory or pure logic. Collecting data.
— — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/17/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Diversity List
Race
, Gender Expression
Gender Identity
Sex (xx, xy, etc.)
Ability (Mental, Physical, Emotional)
Ethnicity (Food, Holidays, Celebration, Religion, Country)
ETC.
A big part of a person's identity is because of the person's diversity.
Randomized Control Trial- randomizing people into an experimental group and a control group
(independent variable) to make sure the dependent variable is the right outcome
Ex. Does meditation cause less stress
Experimental group: Get meditation
Control Group: No mediation
— — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/20/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Nature- Biological elements (hereditary)
Nurture- environmental elements (Access to food, money, health care; childhood parenting)
Somatic Nervous System- Skin & Muscles
Autonomic Nervous System- Organs & Glands
— — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/27/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Reasons For Taking Drugs:
● Escape
● Drama
● Trauma→ More Trauma = More Drug Use
● Creativity
● Depression → Illegal/Legal
● Cultural Norms
● Peer Pressure
● Better Sleep
● Personality Traits→ Introvert/Extrovert/Ambivert
● Mental Disorders
Types of Meditation:
- Walking/Running
- Dissociation
- Drugs
- Yoga
PSY101B
Class Notes
Professor Ogley-Oliver
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/10/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Psychology- A science that helps you understand your mental activity, behaviors, and brain process
Empiricism- an approach to epistemology holding that all knowledge of matters of fact either
arises from experience or requires experience for its validation.
● Conduct psychological research
● Use an objective, evidence-based approach
● It may contradict people's original idea
- Need to know about examples used
- Evidence outcome depends on who you research
1)Need an assumption using intuition - Ex. Calories on food menus affect people's food choices
2)Test the assumption using empirical evidence
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/15/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Experimental Method: a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the
efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried/Testing the hypothesis.
Correlational Method: Relationship/How the variables relate to each other
Descriptive Method: Case Studies; Observational Studies; Self Reports
Independent Variable: The manipulated variable
Dependent Variable: The outcome of the manipulated variable on the subject
SPRA(Scholarly Peer Reviewed Article): Peer review is the process by which an author's peers,
recognized researchers in the field, read and evaluate a paper (article) submitted for publication
and recommend whether the paper should be published, revised, or rejected. Peer review is a
widely accepted indicator of quality scholarship in a discipline or field.
Theoretical SPRA: Not collecting data, Just theorizing and developing questions and hypotheses.
Review SPRA: Just reviewed not collecting data.
Empirical SPRA: Articles based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience
rather than theory or pure logic. Collecting data.
— — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/17/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Diversity List
Race
, Gender Expression
Gender Identity
Sex (xx, xy, etc.)
Ability (Mental, Physical, Emotional)
Ethnicity (Food, Holidays, Celebration, Religion, Country)
ETC.
A big part of a person's identity is because of the person's diversity.
Randomized Control Trial- randomizing people into an experimental group and a control group
(independent variable) to make sure the dependent variable is the right outcome
Ex. Does meditation cause less stress
Experimental group: Get meditation
Control Group: No mediation
— — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/20/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Nature- Biological elements (hereditary)
Nurture- environmental elements (Access to food, money, health care; childhood parenting)
Somatic Nervous System- Skin & Muscles
Autonomic Nervous System- Organs & Glands
— — — — — — — — — — — — — 2/27/2023 — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Reasons For Taking Drugs:
● Escape
● Drama
● Trauma→ More Trauma = More Drug Use
● Creativity
● Depression → Illegal/Legal
● Cultural Norms
● Peer Pressure
● Better Sleep
● Personality Traits→ Introvert/Extrovert/Ambivert
● Mental Disorders
Types of Meditation:
- Walking/Running
- Dissociation
- Drugs
- Yoga
