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Degree English Exam Study Guide: Part 4(Perfect for Beginners)

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Degree English Exam Study Guide: Part 4(Perfect for Beginners)

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学位英语考点学习第四篇(超适合小白)

文章核心主题:“电子废物的环境困局:全球治理与可持续应对”

Computer technology is advancing so fast that old hardware quickly
becomecompletely obsolete. The electronic waster ( e-waste) from this
constantly growing fieldis polluting the environment, both here and abroad.
Computers contain toxic( 有 毒 的 ) materials such as lead. Despite the
danger ofthrowing these hazardous materials in a landfll( 垃 圾 填 埋 场 ),that's
exactly wheretons of computers end up. Americans reuse or recycle only
about 10 percent of the $0million computers they replace each year,
according to ABC News.
Eighty percent is being stockpiled( 囤 积 ),which could create even
biggerproblems in the future, and the remaining 10 percent is landflled.
Throwing e-waste inlandflls creates a potential for toxic waste leak into our
soil and groundwater. Becausstandards for landflls are tougher in the United
States than in many other counties.e-waste is often exported, especially to
some developing countries.
Some countries are creating policies to deal with the growing e-waste
problem. hthe Netherlands, you can bring your old computer to the seller
when buying a new one.and the seller must by law accept it free of charge.
Japan passed a law in 2001 requiringproducers to recycle certain parts.
In the united states, a movement called the Computer TakeBack Campaig!
is demanding that producers take more responsibility for disposing ( 处
理 )ofoldcomputers, California and Massachusetts recently prohibited certain
computer pars ilandflls, while Apple and lBM take back computers for about a
$30 fee.
Gateway is one step ahead: They will pay you $50 for recycling your old
compwhen you buy a new one from them. Lastly, many nonprofit programs
accept used equipment, and services have popped up that distribute old
computers to schools andother organizations.


第 一 句 . Computer technology is advancing so fast that old hardware quickly
becomes completely obsolete.
单词音标及解析:
1.Computer /kəmˈpjuːtə(r)/:名词,“计算机;电脑”,源于拉丁语“computare”,
意为“计算”,最初指进行计算的工具,如今广泛指代各种电脑设备。
2.technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/:名词,“技术;工艺”,由希腊语“technologia”演变而
来,“techno -”表示技艺,“ - logy”表示学科,合起来指关于技艺的学科。
3.is /ɪz/:be 动词第三人称单数现在式,用于构成现在进行时,表示“是”或辅助构成进
行时态。
4.advancing /ədˈvɑːnsɪŋ/:动词“advance”的现在分词,“前进;发展”,常表示在
时间、空间或程度上向前推进。
5.so /səʊ/:副词,“如此”,用于加强程度,与“that”搭配构成“so... that...”结构。

, 6.fast /fɑːst/:副词,“快速地”,描述动作的速度。也可作形容词,意为“快速的;牢
固的”。
7.that /ðæt/:连词,引导结果状语从句,与“so”连用,构成“so... that...”结构,意为
“如此……以至于……”。
8.old /əʊld/:形容词,“旧的;老的”,描述事物使用时间长或年龄大。
9.hardware /ˈhɑːdweə(r)/:名词,“硬件”,在计算机领域指构成计算机的物理设备。
10.quickly /ˈkwɪkli/:副词,“迅速地”,修饰动词“becomes”,说明变化速度快。
11.becomes /bɪˈkʌmz/:动词“become”的第三人称单数形式,“变得;成为”,表
示状态或性质的转变。
12.completely /kəmˈpliːtli/:副词,“完全地”,加强“obsolete”的程度。
13.obsolete /ˈɒbsəliːt/:形容词,“过时的;废弃的”,因技术进步等原因不再有用或
流行。
翻译:计算机技术发展如此之快,以至于旧硬件很快就完全过时了。
语法分析:
“Computer technology is advancing so fast”为主句,使用现在进行时,表示计
算机技术当前正在快速发展。
“that old hardware quickly becomes completely obsolete”为结果状语从句,
由“so... that...”引导,说明计算机技术快速发展导致旧硬件迅速过时的结果。

第 二 句 . The electronic waster( e-waste ) from this constantly growing field is
polluting the environment, both here and abroad.
单词音标及解析:
1.The /ðə/:定冠词,用于特指特定的事物,此处特指电子垃圾。
2.electronic /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/:形容词,“电子的”,与电子设备或电子技术相关。
waste /weɪst/:名词,“废物;垃圾”,这里指电子垃圾,原句中“waster”表述错误,应
为“waste”。
3.from /frəm/:介词,“从……;来自……”,表示来源。
4.this /ðɪs/:指示代词,“这个”,指代离说话者较近的事物,此处指计算机技术领域。
5.constantly /ˈkɒnstəntli/:副词,“不断地;持续地”,修饰形容词“growing”,表示增
长的持续性。
6.growing /ˈɡrəʊɪŋ/ : 动词 “ grow” 的 现在 分词 ,“ 增长 的; 发展 的” ,作 定语 修饰
“field”,表示不断发展的领域。
7.field /fiːld/:名词,“领域;田野;场地”,此处指计算机技术领域。
8.is /ɪz/:be 动词第三人称单数现在式,用于构成现在进行时。
9.polluting /pəˈluːtɪŋ/:动词“pollute”的现在分词,“污染”,与“is”构成现在进行时,
表示正在进行的动作。
10.the /ðə/:定冠词,特指“environment”(环境)。
11.environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/:名词,“环境”,涵盖自然环境及周围各种条件。
12.both /bəʊθ/:代词,“两者都”,与“and”连用,连接“here”和“abroad”。
13.here /hɪə(r)/:副词,“在这里”,表示地点。
14.and /ənd/:连词,连接两个并列的词、短语或句子,此处连接“here”和“abroad”。
15.abroad /əˈbrɔːd/:副词,“在国外;到国外”,表示地点。
翻译:来自这个不断发展领域的电子垃圾(电子废弃物)正在污染国内外的环境。
语法分析:
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