NURS507 Exam I Study Guide questions
well answered already passed
Cognitive Error - correct answer ✔✔A mistake in reasoning, perception, memory, or judgment
that can lead to diagnostic inaccuracies.
Anchoring bias - correct answer ✔✔The tendency to lock into initial salient features in a
patient's presentation, potentially leading to diagnostic errors by failing to consider later
information.
Availability heuristic - correct answer ✔✔The assumption that a diagnosis is more likely if it
readily comes to mind, potentially leading to overlooking less obvious but more accurate
diagnoses.
Confirmation bias - correct answer ✔✔The tendency to seek evidence that supports a diagnosis
while ignoring contradictory information, potentially leading to misdiagnosis.
Diagnostic momentum - correct answer ✔✔The inclination to prioritize a diagnosis made by
previous clinicians, potentially leading to overlooking alternative explanations.
Framing effect - correct answer ✔✔The influence of how information about a problem is
presented, potentially leading to biased interpretations and decisions.
Representation error - correct answer ✔✔The failure to consider prevalence when estimating
the probability of a diagnosis, potentially leading to inaccurate assessments.
Visceral bias - correct answer ✔✔The influence of positive or negative feelings toward patients
on diagnostic decisions, potentially leading to biased judgments.
, Primary prevention - correct answer ✔✔Strategies aimed at preventing disease through
immunizations, medical procedures, and behavioral counseling.
Secondary prevention - correct answer ✔✔Interventions and screening tests designed to detect
diseases or processes in their early stages.
Levels of evidence BEST - correct answer ✔✔Systematic reviews
Worst Level of vidence - correct answer ✔✔expert opinion
SnNOUT - correct answer ✔✔A sensitive test with a negative result that can effectively rule out
disease.
SpPIN - correct answer ✔✔A specific test with a positive result that can effectively rule in
disease.
Kappa Score - correct answer ✔✔A measure of agreement beyond chance in diagnostic testing.
Likelihood ratio interpretation - correct answer ✔✔The probability of obtaining a given test
result in a diseased patient divided by the probability of obtaining the same result in a non-
diseased patient.
Nonmaleficence - correct answer ✔✔do no harm
Beneficence - correct answer ✔✔Doing good or causing good to be done; kindly action
well answered already passed
Cognitive Error - correct answer ✔✔A mistake in reasoning, perception, memory, or judgment
that can lead to diagnostic inaccuracies.
Anchoring bias - correct answer ✔✔The tendency to lock into initial salient features in a
patient's presentation, potentially leading to diagnostic errors by failing to consider later
information.
Availability heuristic - correct answer ✔✔The assumption that a diagnosis is more likely if it
readily comes to mind, potentially leading to overlooking less obvious but more accurate
diagnoses.
Confirmation bias - correct answer ✔✔The tendency to seek evidence that supports a diagnosis
while ignoring contradictory information, potentially leading to misdiagnosis.
Diagnostic momentum - correct answer ✔✔The inclination to prioritize a diagnosis made by
previous clinicians, potentially leading to overlooking alternative explanations.
Framing effect - correct answer ✔✔The influence of how information about a problem is
presented, potentially leading to biased interpretations and decisions.
Representation error - correct answer ✔✔The failure to consider prevalence when estimating
the probability of a diagnosis, potentially leading to inaccurate assessments.
Visceral bias - correct answer ✔✔The influence of positive or negative feelings toward patients
on diagnostic decisions, potentially leading to biased judgments.
, Primary prevention - correct answer ✔✔Strategies aimed at preventing disease through
immunizations, medical procedures, and behavioral counseling.
Secondary prevention - correct answer ✔✔Interventions and screening tests designed to detect
diseases or processes in their early stages.
Levels of evidence BEST - correct answer ✔✔Systematic reviews
Worst Level of vidence - correct answer ✔✔expert opinion
SnNOUT - correct answer ✔✔A sensitive test with a negative result that can effectively rule out
disease.
SpPIN - correct answer ✔✔A specific test with a positive result that can effectively rule in
disease.
Kappa Score - correct answer ✔✔A measure of agreement beyond chance in diagnostic testing.
Likelihood ratio interpretation - correct answer ✔✔The probability of obtaining a given test
result in a diseased patient divided by the probability of obtaining the same result in a non-
diseased patient.
Nonmaleficence - correct answer ✔✔do no harm
Beneficence - correct answer ✔✔Doing good or causing good to be done; kindly action
