AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
100% CORRECT
What were autistic children historically believed to be? - ANSWER-schizophrenic
Who is Leo Kanner and what did he do for the history of ASD? - ANSWER-
described 11 cases of what he termed "early infantile autism" noting ways in which it
is distinctive from psychosis/schizophrenia
-certain aspects of his speculations proven incorrect: Normal IQ, lack of association
with other medical conditions, poor parenting/education
Hans Asperger - ANSWER- 1944 proposed autistic pyschopathy, based off of 4
observations of children
- now known as Asperger's to separate it from general autism
Prevalence of ASD - ANSWER- 1:68
- 4 times more likely in boys
- no known racial, ethnic, or social boundaries
- no relation to family income, lifestyle
Core symptoms of ASD - ANSWER- social/communication deficits
- social repetitive and restricted interests
Associated medical features - ANSWER- aggression/self-injurious, ADHD, Social
anxiety, OCD, epilepsy, immune dysfunction, sleep disturbance, apraxia, intellectual
disabilities
what does it mean by autism is a spectrum disorder - ANSWER- symptoms and
characteristics can present themselves in a wide variety of ways, from mild to severe
- everyone with autism is very different from each other
- "If you know one person with autism, you know one person with autism"
Autism eruption? - ANSWER- nature of the disability
- actual increase in incidence
- increased identification
- better treatments = hope
- insurance coverage
- jenny mccarthy factor
- better tools
cause of autism? - ANSWER- abnormalities in brain and CNS development
- may include chemical exposure, viral and genetic factors
- diagnosis made by behavioral observation
, DSM-5 definition - ANSWERDeficits in social communication (all 3)
- nonverbal communication
-social and emotional reciprocity
-maintaining relationships
Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior (2)
- stereotyped motor or verbal behavior
- unusual sensory behavior
- excessive adherence to routines and ritualized
- restricted fixated interests
-Symptoms present in early childhood
- significant impairment
- not better explained by intellectual disability
exposure to mercury - ANSWER- amount of mercury/thimersol in vaccines
- shown to have brain damage so removed from vaccines : still had
gluten and casein intolerance theory - ANSWER- due to the odd eating habits of
some children with autism believed they may have intolerance to some foods
- high opioid- like peptides in people with autism thought that gluten and casein could
produce these
- very inconclusive, but many families still do it
Historical myths about autism - ANSWER- children with autism never make eye
contact, show affection, or smile
- inside a child with autism is a genius waiting to emerge
- children with autism don't speak, but they could if they wanted to
- children with autism don't relate with peers and adults and don't want friends
- children with autism are manipulative
- autism is an emotional disorder
- autism can be outgrown, or progress means a child is not autistic
IDEA: individuals with disabilities education act - ANSWER- autism was not an
official disability category under federal law until 1990
what do we know about autism - ANSWER- biological disorder with multiple
etiologies
- no single cause, no single cure
- no biological marker
- no evidence of parenting defects of emotionally induced autism
immunologic allergens - ANSWER- immune systems of children with ASD made
researchers speculate that abnormal maternal immunologic reactions during
pregnancy could affect neurologic development
- inconsistent and inconclusive
importance of effective early diagnosis and treatment - ANSWER- more intervention
opportunities
FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
100% CORRECT
What were autistic children historically believed to be? - ANSWER-schizophrenic
Who is Leo Kanner and what did he do for the history of ASD? - ANSWER-
described 11 cases of what he termed "early infantile autism" noting ways in which it
is distinctive from psychosis/schizophrenia
-certain aspects of his speculations proven incorrect: Normal IQ, lack of association
with other medical conditions, poor parenting/education
Hans Asperger - ANSWER- 1944 proposed autistic pyschopathy, based off of 4
observations of children
- now known as Asperger's to separate it from general autism
Prevalence of ASD - ANSWER- 1:68
- 4 times more likely in boys
- no known racial, ethnic, or social boundaries
- no relation to family income, lifestyle
Core symptoms of ASD - ANSWER- social/communication deficits
- social repetitive and restricted interests
Associated medical features - ANSWER- aggression/self-injurious, ADHD, Social
anxiety, OCD, epilepsy, immune dysfunction, sleep disturbance, apraxia, intellectual
disabilities
what does it mean by autism is a spectrum disorder - ANSWER- symptoms and
characteristics can present themselves in a wide variety of ways, from mild to severe
- everyone with autism is very different from each other
- "If you know one person with autism, you know one person with autism"
Autism eruption? - ANSWER- nature of the disability
- actual increase in incidence
- increased identification
- better treatments = hope
- insurance coverage
- jenny mccarthy factor
- better tools
cause of autism? - ANSWER- abnormalities in brain and CNS development
- may include chemical exposure, viral and genetic factors
- diagnosis made by behavioral observation
, DSM-5 definition - ANSWERDeficits in social communication (all 3)
- nonverbal communication
-social and emotional reciprocity
-maintaining relationships
Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior (2)
- stereotyped motor or verbal behavior
- unusual sensory behavior
- excessive adherence to routines and ritualized
- restricted fixated interests
-Symptoms present in early childhood
- significant impairment
- not better explained by intellectual disability
exposure to mercury - ANSWER- amount of mercury/thimersol in vaccines
- shown to have brain damage so removed from vaccines : still had
gluten and casein intolerance theory - ANSWER- due to the odd eating habits of
some children with autism believed they may have intolerance to some foods
- high opioid- like peptides in people with autism thought that gluten and casein could
produce these
- very inconclusive, but many families still do it
Historical myths about autism - ANSWER- children with autism never make eye
contact, show affection, or smile
- inside a child with autism is a genius waiting to emerge
- children with autism don't speak, but they could if they wanted to
- children with autism don't relate with peers and adults and don't want friends
- children with autism are manipulative
- autism is an emotional disorder
- autism can be outgrown, or progress means a child is not autistic
IDEA: individuals with disabilities education act - ANSWER- autism was not an
official disability category under federal law until 1990
what do we know about autism - ANSWER- biological disorder with multiple
etiologies
- no single cause, no single cure
- no biological marker
- no evidence of parenting defects of emotionally induced autism
immunologic allergens - ANSWER- immune systems of children with ASD made
researchers speculate that abnormal maternal immunologic reactions during
pregnancy could affect neurologic development
- inconsistent and inconclusive
importance of effective early diagnosis and treatment - ANSWER- more intervention
opportunities
