BIO 272 EXAM 6 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

BIO 272 EXAM 6 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS



functions of the urinary system - Correct Answers -- remove water-soluble waste from
blood
- regulate volume and composition of blood

examples of waste removed by the urinary system - Correct Answers -toxic molecules,
useless molecules, molecules in excess (too much doesn't help)
- nitrogen based waste from protein and nucleotide breakdown - UREA, URIC ACID,
AMMONIA, CREATINE
- metabolic byproducts, toxins, excess ions, vitamins, and hormones

organs of the urinary system - Correct Answers -kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder,
urethra

how does capsular pressure affect the GFR - Correct Answers -pushes fluid back into
the glomerulus (lower GFR)

how does the sympathetic nervous system and epinephrine regulate the GFR - Correct
Answers -the sympathetic nervous system AND epinephrine both cause
vasoconstriction of afferent arteriole to decrease the GFR

how does angiotensin 2 regulate GFR - Correct Answers -cause vasoconstriction of
afferent and efferent arterioles that reduces the GFR

how does the juxtaglomerular apparatus regulate the GFR - Correct Answers --
juxtaglomerular cells detect BP in the afferent arteriole which triggers release of renin
when BP is low
- renin is released by the kidneys and converts angiotensinogen from the liver into
angiotensin 1
- ACE in lungs convert angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2

functions of the organs - Correct Answers -kidney: filter blood to form urine, carries out
regulatory functions
ureters: carry urine to bladder
urinary bladder: stores urine, contracts for urination
urethra: carries urine from bladder out of body