BIO 272 Exam 2 - Heart and Blood
Vessels Questions and Answers
Describe pulmonary circulation. - Correct Answers -between the heart and lungs to
oxygenate blood
arteries carry deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs
veins carry oxygenated blood from lungs back to heart
Describe systemic circulation. - Correct Answers -between heart and body to provide
oxygenated blood to tissues
arteries carry oxygenated blood from heart to body
veins carry deoxygenated blood from body back to heart
Describe the structure and function of the three layers of the heart wall. - Correct
Answers -The epicardium is made up of simple squamous and areolar. The
myocardium is the cardiac muscle which is strong and pumps the blood. The
endocardium is made up of simple squamous epithelium.
Identify the type of tissue in the fibrous pericardium. - Correct Answers -Dense
connective tissue
describe structure and function of an artery - Correct Answers -thick, strong elastic
vessels. carry high blood pressure away from the heart. reduce blood pressure to
protect smaller vessels
describe the structure and function of arterioles. - Correct Answers -smallest of the
arteries. reduce blood pressure and regulate blood flow to specific areas of tissue
explain how arterioles regulate flow - Correct Answers -the precapillary sphincters
controls flow of blood into capillary bed. blood can flow from meta arteriole into the
capillaries and carry blood to cells in that capillary.
list signals that cause relaxation of precapillary sphincters - Correct Answers -low 02,
high c02, low ph, and high temperature
Identify the type of tissue in the visceral pericardium - Correct Answers -Simple
squamous and aereolar tissue
, Identify the type of tissue in the parietal pericardium. - Correct Answers -Simple
squamous.
Identify the type of tissue in the pericardium cavity. - Correct Answers -Filled with fluid to
reduce friction.
Describe the 3 components of a myocardial cell that are needed to produce ATP. -
Correct Answers -It is produced by aerobic respiration. The three components are
mitochondria, oxygen, and energy source like glucose.
Identify the ion that initiates contraction of the myocardial cells. - Correct Answers -
Calcium
Name and explain the functions of the intercalated discs. - Correct Answers -special
junctions between cardiac muscle cells
1) interdigitating folds increase surface area of the junction for better connection
2) adhering junctions hold the cells together during strong contractions
3) gap junctions allow quick conduction of signals between cells
Explain the importance of coronary circulation. - Correct Answers -Coronary circulation
is what brings oxygenated blood back to parts of the heart, without this circulation the
heart would not be able to pump properly.
The right coronary arteries supplies what parts of the heart? - Correct Answers -The
back and the right side of the heart
The left coronary arteries supplies to what parts of the heart? - Correct Answers -The
front and left side of the heart
What coronary veins drain blood from the anterior and posterior part of the heart? -
Correct Answers -The coronary sinus
Define coronary heart disease - Correct Answers -Narrowing of coronary arteries
Define atherosclerosis - Correct Answers -Build up of fatty deposits on blood vessel
walls
Define myocardial infarction - Correct Answers -Heart attack, lack of oxygen to cells and
cells dying
Define angiogram - Correct Answers -Process used to detect narrowed coronary
vessels
Describe the flow of blood through the chambers, valves, and great vessels. - Correct
Answers -low O2 blood from superior vena cava, inferior vena cava right atrium
tricuspid valve
Vessels Questions and Answers
Describe pulmonary circulation. - Correct Answers -between the heart and lungs to
oxygenate blood
arteries carry deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs
veins carry oxygenated blood from lungs back to heart
Describe systemic circulation. - Correct Answers -between heart and body to provide
oxygenated blood to tissues
arteries carry oxygenated blood from heart to body
veins carry deoxygenated blood from body back to heart
Describe the structure and function of the three layers of the heart wall. - Correct
Answers -The epicardium is made up of simple squamous and areolar. The
myocardium is the cardiac muscle which is strong and pumps the blood. The
endocardium is made up of simple squamous epithelium.
Identify the type of tissue in the fibrous pericardium. - Correct Answers -Dense
connective tissue
describe structure and function of an artery - Correct Answers -thick, strong elastic
vessels. carry high blood pressure away from the heart. reduce blood pressure to
protect smaller vessels
describe the structure and function of arterioles. - Correct Answers -smallest of the
arteries. reduce blood pressure and regulate blood flow to specific areas of tissue
explain how arterioles regulate flow - Correct Answers -the precapillary sphincters
controls flow of blood into capillary bed. blood can flow from meta arteriole into the
capillaries and carry blood to cells in that capillary.
list signals that cause relaxation of precapillary sphincters - Correct Answers -low 02,
high c02, low ph, and high temperature
Identify the type of tissue in the visceral pericardium - Correct Answers -Simple
squamous and aereolar tissue
, Identify the type of tissue in the parietal pericardium. - Correct Answers -Simple
squamous.
Identify the type of tissue in the pericardium cavity. - Correct Answers -Filled with fluid to
reduce friction.
Describe the 3 components of a myocardial cell that are needed to produce ATP. -
Correct Answers -It is produced by aerobic respiration. The three components are
mitochondria, oxygen, and energy source like glucose.
Identify the ion that initiates contraction of the myocardial cells. - Correct Answers -
Calcium
Name and explain the functions of the intercalated discs. - Correct Answers -special
junctions between cardiac muscle cells
1) interdigitating folds increase surface area of the junction for better connection
2) adhering junctions hold the cells together during strong contractions
3) gap junctions allow quick conduction of signals between cells
Explain the importance of coronary circulation. - Correct Answers -Coronary circulation
is what brings oxygenated blood back to parts of the heart, without this circulation the
heart would not be able to pump properly.
The right coronary arteries supplies what parts of the heart? - Correct Answers -The
back and the right side of the heart
The left coronary arteries supplies to what parts of the heart? - Correct Answers -The
front and left side of the heart
What coronary veins drain blood from the anterior and posterior part of the heart? -
Correct Answers -The coronary sinus
Define coronary heart disease - Correct Answers -Narrowing of coronary arteries
Define atherosclerosis - Correct Answers -Build up of fatty deposits on blood vessel
walls
Define myocardial infarction - Correct Answers -Heart attack, lack of oxygen to cells and
cells dying
Define angiogram - Correct Answers -Process used to detect narrowed coronary
vessels
Describe the flow of blood through the chambers, valves, and great vessels. - Correct
Answers -low O2 blood from superior vena cava, inferior vena cava right atrium
tricuspid valve
