GLY 1102 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
All pterosaurs' skulls have huge eye sockets. - Answers :true
The 400-500 teeth in each jaw of Pterodaustro may have been used as a sieve for
filtering out plankton scooped up into its mouth. - Answers :true
Most endotherms bear live young. - Answers :true
Ramphorhyncoids went extinct prior to the great extinction of dinosaurs at the end of the
Cretaceous. - Answers :true
In most pterosaurs, the scapula and coracoid are fused to form a - Answers
:scapulocoracoid
Pterosaurs have a global distribution. - Answers :true
The pterosaurs diversified into several lineages during the Lower Triassic. - Answers
:false
Pterosaurs were the first vertebrates to develop flapping flight. - Answers :true
All pterosaurs lacked teeth. - Answers :false
The (blank) was a pterosaur membrane that extended from the fifth toe to the tail along
the posterior edge of the leg. - Answers :uropagatia
Only endothermic animals have developed the ability to fly. - Answers :true
There is no evidence that pterosaurs had body hair. - Answers :false
Pterosaurs have a small head, relative to body size. - Answers :false
There is no evidence of sexual dimorphism in pterosaurs. - Answers :false
Pteranodons are among those pterosaurs exhibiting a number of anatomical differences
between the sexes. - Answers :true
The (blank) is a small membrane spanning the area between the shoulder and the wrist
of pterosaurs. - Answers :propatagium
The main wing membrane of pterosaurs is the - Answers :patagium.
The pterosaur images in your text reveal that this South American country has a rich
fossil record of these winged creatures. - Answers :Brazil
,The pterosaur humerus has a large (blank), an anterior projection for the anchoring of
flight muscles. - Answers :deltopectoral crest
The Barringer Meteor Crater is a young (50,000 years old) crater located inside this
state. - Answers :Arizona
The greatest extinction (in percent of species extinct) in history occurred at the end of
this period. - Answers :Permian
(blank) are "dusty iceballs" of rock, frozen water and organic compounds. - Answers
:Comets
Which vertebrates were the first to be capable of powered flight? - Answers :pterosaurs
The shape of the deltopectoral crest is used to differentiate pterosaur clades. - Answers
:true
The earliest pterosaurs are from the (blank) of Italy. - Answers :Upper Triassic
Some Rhamphorhynchus specimens have a membranous tail vane. - Answers :true
Which statement about pteranodons is false? - Answers :They were all filter feeders.
(True: They are toothless. They are the largest pterosaurs. They exhibit sexual
dimorphism. They have global distribution.)
A decrease in abundance and diversity of pterosaurs during the Cretaceous, most
probably was caused by - Answers :diversification of marine birds.
Once the flash heating of the atmosphere by the terminal Cretaceous impact cooled,
atmospheric temperatures would have risen because of the vast amount of particulate
matter in the atmosphere blocking solar radiation from reaching the surface. - Answers
:false
The vast majority of asteroids in our solar system are found in the Asteroid Belt between
Jupiter and Pluto. - Answers :false
The shortcoming of the volcano hypothesis is that it fails to demonstrate that the volume
and type of volcanism could have accounted for the impact evidence and there can be
little argument that a giant asteroid collided with Earth at precisely the time of the global
extinctions. - Answers :true
A rough estimate of the average duration of species prior to extinction is - Answers
:about 2 million years.
The comet head consists of a solid nucleus surrounded by a (blank) up to 1.5 million
miles in diameter. - Answers :nebulous coma
, (Blank) is a rare platinum group metal. - Answers :Iridium
The Kuiper Cloud is a large, spherical cloud of comets surrounding the solar system. -
Answers :false
The extinction of a species occurs when the last representative of a species is no longer
capable of reproducing and dies, leaving only the fossil legacy of its time on earth. -
Answers :true
Microtektites are small, droplet-shaped silica glass cooled from molten material expelled
from an impact crater. - Answers :true
The fossil record reveals that the rate of extinction over geologic history was not a
uniform rate. - Answers :true
The Deccan traps of India and Pakistan, southern Brazil, and the western U. S. all show
evidence of extensive volcanism at the time of the C/T boundary. - Answers :true
The most famous of all extinctions occurred at the end of the (blank) and marks the
boundary between the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras. - Answers :Cretaceous
In 1981, the geophysicist G. Penfield found a bowl-shaped depression near the Yucatan
Peninsula town of Chicxulub that he thought might be the C/T boundary impact crater. -
Answers :true
Unlike the moon, Earth has very active weathering processes that over time remove the
evidence of impacts, or at least make old one s very hard to recognize. - Answers :true
All dinosaurs became extinct at the Creatceous/Tertiary boundary. - Answers :true
Ichthyosaurs preceded dinosaurs by some 20-30 million years. - Answers :true
All plesiosaurs had (blank), or belly ribs, that interlocked and supported the belly. -
Answers :gastralia
The first ichthyosaurs appeared during the Mid Triassic - Answers :false
The sclerotic ring is a doughnut-shaped bone surrounding the - Answers :eye.
Based upon the size of ichthyosaurs, it is estimated as capable of diving to a depth of
600 m and coming back to the surface in 20 minutes. - Answers :true
Fossil evidence reveals that some mesosaurs were cannibalistic. - Answers :true
Swimming propulsion of plesiosaurus was provided by the - Answers :giant paddles.
All pterosaurs' skulls have huge eye sockets. - Answers :true
The 400-500 teeth in each jaw of Pterodaustro may have been used as a sieve for
filtering out plankton scooped up into its mouth. - Answers :true
Most endotherms bear live young. - Answers :true
Ramphorhyncoids went extinct prior to the great extinction of dinosaurs at the end of the
Cretaceous. - Answers :true
In most pterosaurs, the scapula and coracoid are fused to form a - Answers
:scapulocoracoid
Pterosaurs have a global distribution. - Answers :true
The pterosaurs diversified into several lineages during the Lower Triassic. - Answers
:false
Pterosaurs were the first vertebrates to develop flapping flight. - Answers :true
All pterosaurs lacked teeth. - Answers :false
The (blank) was a pterosaur membrane that extended from the fifth toe to the tail along
the posterior edge of the leg. - Answers :uropagatia
Only endothermic animals have developed the ability to fly. - Answers :true
There is no evidence that pterosaurs had body hair. - Answers :false
Pterosaurs have a small head, relative to body size. - Answers :false
There is no evidence of sexual dimorphism in pterosaurs. - Answers :false
Pteranodons are among those pterosaurs exhibiting a number of anatomical differences
between the sexes. - Answers :true
The (blank) is a small membrane spanning the area between the shoulder and the wrist
of pterosaurs. - Answers :propatagium
The main wing membrane of pterosaurs is the - Answers :patagium.
The pterosaur images in your text reveal that this South American country has a rich
fossil record of these winged creatures. - Answers :Brazil
,The pterosaur humerus has a large (blank), an anterior projection for the anchoring of
flight muscles. - Answers :deltopectoral crest
The Barringer Meteor Crater is a young (50,000 years old) crater located inside this
state. - Answers :Arizona
The greatest extinction (in percent of species extinct) in history occurred at the end of
this period. - Answers :Permian
(blank) are "dusty iceballs" of rock, frozen water and organic compounds. - Answers
:Comets
Which vertebrates were the first to be capable of powered flight? - Answers :pterosaurs
The shape of the deltopectoral crest is used to differentiate pterosaur clades. - Answers
:true
The earliest pterosaurs are from the (blank) of Italy. - Answers :Upper Triassic
Some Rhamphorhynchus specimens have a membranous tail vane. - Answers :true
Which statement about pteranodons is false? - Answers :They were all filter feeders.
(True: They are toothless. They are the largest pterosaurs. They exhibit sexual
dimorphism. They have global distribution.)
A decrease in abundance and diversity of pterosaurs during the Cretaceous, most
probably was caused by - Answers :diversification of marine birds.
Once the flash heating of the atmosphere by the terminal Cretaceous impact cooled,
atmospheric temperatures would have risen because of the vast amount of particulate
matter in the atmosphere blocking solar radiation from reaching the surface. - Answers
:false
The vast majority of asteroids in our solar system are found in the Asteroid Belt between
Jupiter and Pluto. - Answers :false
The shortcoming of the volcano hypothesis is that it fails to demonstrate that the volume
and type of volcanism could have accounted for the impact evidence and there can be
little argument that a giant asteroid collided with Earth at precisely the time of the global
extinctions. - Answers :true
A rough estimate of the average duration of species prior to extinction is - Answers
:about 2 million years.
The comet head consists of a solid nucleus surrounded by a (blank) up to 1.5 million
miles in diameter. - Answers :nebulous coma
, (Blank) is a rare platinum group metal. - Answers :Iridium
The Kuiper Cloud is a large, spherical cloud of comets surrounding the solar system. -
Answers :false
The extinction of a species occurs when the last representative of a species is no longer
capable of reproducing and dies, leaving only the fossil legacy of its time on earth. -
Answers :true
Microtektites are small, droplet-shaped silica glass cooled from molten material expelled
from an impact crater. - Answers :true
The fossil record reveals that the rate of extinction over geologic history was not a
uniform rate. - Answers :true
The Deccan traps of India and Pakistan, southern Brazil, and the western U. S. all show
evidence of extensive volcanism at the time of the C/T boundary. - Answers :true
The most famous of all extinctions occurred at the end of the (blank) and marks the
boundary between the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras. - Answers :Cretaceous
In 1981, the geophysicist G. Penfield found a bowl-shaped depression near the Yucatan
Peninsula town of Chicxulub that he thought might be the C/T boundary impact crater. -
Answers :true
Unlike the moon, Earth has very active weathering processes that over time remove the
evidence of impacts, or at least make old one s very hard to recognize. - Answers :true
All dinosaurs became extinct at the Creatceous/Tertiary boundary. - Answers :true
Ichthyosaurs preceded dinosaurs by some 20-30 million years. - Answers :true
All plesiosaurs had (blank), or belly ribs, that interlocked and supported the belly. -
Answers :gastralia
The first ichthyosaurs appeared during the Mid Triassic - Answers :false
The sclerotic ring is a doughnut-shaped bone surrounding the - Answers :eye.
Based upon the size of ichthyosaurs, it is estimated as capable of diving to a depth of
600 m and coming back to the surface in 20 minutes. - Answers :true
Fossil evidence reveals that some mesosaurs were cannibalistic. - Answers :true
Swimming propulsion of plesiosaurus was provided by the - Answers :giant paddles.
