NURS550 MIDTERM
EXAMQUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Dullness on percussion - Answer-Fluid or mass under area being percussed,
pneumonia, hemothorax, tumor, pleural effusion
vesicular breath sounds - Answer-normal sound of respirations heard on auscultation
over peripheral lung areas ( heard over most of the lungs)
bronchovesicular breath sounds - Answer-Breath sounds normally heard in the posterior
chest between the scapulae and in the center part of the anterior chest in the adult;
softer than bronchial sounds; about equal during inspiration and expiration (heard over
the manubrium)
trachea breath sounds - Answer-heard over the trachea, rough lung sounds
bronchial breath sounds - Answer-normal breath sounds made by air moving through
the bronchi
increased fremitus - Answer-compression or consolidation of lung tissue (lobar
pneumonia)
Egophony - Answer-abnormal change in tone of voice that is heard when auscultating
the lungs, should be heard EEE but is heard AYYY, sign of consilidation and pneumonia
Bronchophony - Answer-abnormal increase in clarity of transmitted voice sounds heard
when auscultating the lungs, signing to consildation
gallbladder disease risk factors - Answer-family hx, diet-fatty foods, female,
Gallbladder disease- subjective symptoms - Answer-pain in RUQ which radiates to R
Shoulder, report of N/V, subjective fever
Gallbladder disease- objective symptoms - Answer-+ Murphys sign, fever, jaundice
Gallbladder disease diagnostics - Answer-RUQ ultrasound (first), HIDA scan- if negative
U/S but symptoms persist, elevated liver enzymes/lipase/amylase/leukocytosis
Pancreatitis risk factors - Answer-ETOH abuse, some diabetic meds, older patients,
HLD, renal transplant patients
, Pancreatitis subjective findings - Answer-severe RUQ pain/or-epigastric pain and
radiates to the back
Pancreatitis objective findings - Answer-Abdominal tenderness, abdominal distension,
hypoactive bowel sounds. s/s-shock poor prognosis
Pancreatitis diagnosed by - Answer-CBC to rule out infection, Elevated amylase (3x
higher than normal), increased lipase, if leukocytosis- draw CRP-if positive think ,
sometimes elevated LFT, necrotizing pancreatitis. Upright abdominal film, CT of
abdomen
normal lipase - Answer-0-160
Lipase levels in acute pancreatitis - Answer-3-4x normal level
Normal WBC count - Answer-4,000-11,000
Leukocytosis - Answer-Abnormally high WBC count, greater than 11k
AST - Answer-Typically the range for normal AST is reported between 10 to 40 units per
liter
ALT - Answer-ALT between 7 to 56 units per liter.
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) risk factors - Answer-weak LES, obesity,
NSAID
regurgitant murmur - Answer-A murmur produced by backflow of blood across an
incompetent valve
Stenotic murmurs - Answer-(occurs when a valve is open)
• Prevents adequate forward flow through thick, stiff valves
• Causes harsh murmurs
OLDCART - Answer-Onset
Location
Duration
Characteristics
Aggravating factors
Relieving factors
Treatment
systolic murmur - Answer-heart murmur heard during systole (active pumping), able to
feel and hear the murmur and the same time
Diastolic murmurs - Answer-you feel the carotid pulse and hear the murmur at different
times
EXAMQUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Dullness on percussion - Answer-Fluid or mass under area being percussed,
pneumonia, hemothorax, tumor, pleural effusion
vesicular breath sounds - Answer-normal sound of respirations heard on auscultation
over peripheral lung areas ( heard over most of the lungs)
bronchovesicular breath sounds - Answer-Breath sounds normally heard in the posterior
chest between the scapulae and in the center part of the anterior chest in the adult;
softer than bronchial sounds; about equal during inspiration and expiration (heard over
the manubrium)
trachea breath sounds - Answer-heard over the trachea, rough lung sounds
bronchial breath sounds - Answer-normal breath sounds made by air moving through
the bronchi
increased fremitus - Answer-compression or consolidation of lung tissue (lobar
pneumonia)
Egophony - Answer-abnormal change in tone of voice that is heard when auscultating
the lungs, should be heard EEE but is heard AYYY, sign of consilidation and pneumonia
Bronchophony - Answer-abnormal increase in clarity of transmitted voice sounds heard
when auscultating the lungs, signing to consildation
gallbladder disease risk factors - Answer-family hx, diet-fatty foods, female,
Gallbladder disease- subjective symptoms - Answer-pain in RUQ which radiates to R
Shoulder, report of N/V, subjective fever
Gallbladder disease- objective symptoms - Answer-+ Murphys sign, fever, jaundice
Gallbladder disease diagnostics - Answer-RUQ ultrasound (first), HIDA scan- if negative
U/S but symptoms persist, elevated liver enzymes/lipase/amylase/leukocytosis
Pancreatitis risk factors - Answer-ETOH abuse, some diabetic meds, older patients,
HLD, renal transplant patients
, Pancreatitis subjective findings - Answer-severe RUQ pain/or-epigastric pain and
radiates to the back
Pancreatitis objective findings - Answer-Abdominal tenderness, abdominal distension,
hypoactive bowel sounds. s/s-shock poor prognosis
Pancreatitis diagnosed by - Answer-CBC to rule out infection, Elevated amylase (3x
higher than normal), increased lipase, if leukocytosis- draw CRP-if positive think ,
sometimes elevated LFT, necrotizing pancreatitis. Upright abdominal film, CT of
abdomen
normal lipase - Answer-0-160
Lipase levels in acute pancreatitis - Answer-3-4x normal level
Normal WBC count - Answer-4,000-11,000
Leukocytosis - Answer-Abnormally high WBC count, greater than 11k
AST - Answer-Typically the range for normal AST is reported between 10 to 40 units per
liter
ALT - Answer-ALT between 7 to 56 units per liter.
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) risk factors - Answer-weak LES, obesity,
NSAID
regurgitant murmur - Answer-A murmur produced by backflow of blood across an
incompetent valve
Stenotic murmurs - Answer-(occurs when a valve is open)
• Prevents adequate forward flow through thick, stiff valves
• Causes harsh murmurs
OLDCART - Answer-Onset
Location
Duration
Characteristics
Aggravating factors
Relieving factors
Treatment
systolic murmur - Answer-heart murmur heard during systole (active pumping), able to
feel and hear the murmur and the same time
Diastolic murmurs - Answer-you feel the carotid pulse and hear the murmur at different
times
