NHS 111 Exam 1 (PART 1) Exam
Questions and Answers A+ Scores
What do you do when there are 3 not sure answers? - -Clinical transfer
- When do you ask the pregnancy question in Pathways? - -abdo pain ages
11-55
- Give the ages for neonate, infant, toddler, child and adult - -Neo - <1hr,
infant - 1hr-12m, toddler - 1-5yr, child - 5-16yr, adult - 16+yr
- What is the number 1 priority of an assessment? - -See whether life
threatening
- What does "ABC" stand for when you're doing the patient assessment? - -
airway, breathing, circulation
- Describe the ABCs - -A - clear airway through which air containing O2 can
enter
B - air entering lungs allow O2 in to blood
C - pumping heart and enough blood to carry O2 to body
- Give some examples of when something would be blocking airway passage
- -choking, asthma attack, unconscious (tongue flop back)
- Define unconscious - -A person who stops breathing - no chest movement,
no sounds, pale skin
- What is shock? - -A life-threatening medical condition whereby the body
suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result of severe
injury or illness
- Give some symptoms of shock - -weak and unable to stand, collapsed or
unconscious, cold clammy skin, sweating when NS stimulates sweat glands,
pale inside mouth
- Causes of shock - -excessive bleeding, heart attack, severe infections, low
blood sugar, loss of fluids
- For every minute CPR is delayed what % decrease in life expectancy - -
10%
- What is agonal breathing? - -gasping or snoring noises
, - What are spasms? - -involuntary muscle contractions - can mistake for
consciousness
- What are the 4 stages in the chain of survival - -1 - early recognition and
call for help, 2 - early bystander CPR, 3 - early defibrillation, 4 - advanced life
support and post resus care
- What are the main causes of illness - -viral and bacterial
- What is haemophillia and what does it cause - -a faulty gene disorder -
blood clotting disorder
- Define a penetrating and a blunt injury - -penetrating - visible bleeding,
increased risk of infection
blunt - internal damage, no blood
- What component is used in blood clotting - -Platelets
- Describe the process of blood clotting - -platelets, chemical proteins
causes platelets to be sticky so they combine with other substances to form
a clot - turns to a scab to stop stuff entering
- What is given to those who's blood clots easily - -anti-coagulants
- What is caused when tissues are injured - -inflammation
- what causes swelling? - -chemicals are released by damaged tissue
causing blood vessels to leak fluid causing swelling
- what is histamine? - -a compound that is released by cells in response to
injury and in allergic and inflammatory reactions, causing contraction of
smooth muscle and dilation of capillaries.
- When does a fever occur? - -when the body's thermostat inside the brain
raises above 37 degrees
- what is a rigor? - -Sudden feeling of cold along with chills and sweating,
but high temperature remains
- What do antibiotic treat? - -bacterial infections - not human cells or viruses
- What must you ensure with antibiotics - -finish the full course as it may
lead to resistance
- What is shaken baby syndrome? - -A serious brain injury resulting from
forcefully shaking an infant or toddler.
, - What are the symptoms of shaken baby syndrome? - -Difficulty Staying
Awake
Body Tremors
Difficulty Breathing
Poor Eating or Feeding
Vomiting
Discoloured Skin
Seizures
Coma
Paralysis
- 3 signs of frailty - -Fatigue, reduced activity, weight loss
- 5 risk factors of frailty - -fall downstairs or less than 1m, 3 or more
different injuries, non stop neck pain, not responding normally, bleeding risks
- What causes cancer? - -uncontrolled cell division
- Define malignant and benign - -malignant = a tumor that has spread
benign = a tumor that is only in one area
- What 2 things do you use to assess a heart - -pulse and blood pressure
- define blood pressure - -the force of blood in your arteries
- What is diastolic and systolic? - -diastolic - heart relaxing
systolic - as heart beats
- What is diastolic pressure? - -elastic recoil, or resting, pressure that blood
exerts constantly between each contraction
- what is the average BPM - -70-72
- what does adrenaline do? - -It increases the heart rate, boosting the
delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles
- What is angina? - -Insufficient oxygen to the heart muscle causing sudden,
severe substernal pain radiating to the left arm
- What is the main symptom of coronary heart disease? - -angina
- What increases once a person develops angina? - -risk of heart attack
- Define a heart attack - -a sudden loss of blood to the heart muscle
resulting in death of tissue/muscle
Questions and Answers A+ Scores
What do you do when there are 3 not sure answers? - -Clinical transfer
- When do you ask the pregnancy question in Pathways? - -abdo pain ages
11-55
- Give the ages for neonate, infant, toddler, child and adult - -Neo - <1hr,
infant - 1hr-12m, toddler - 1-5yr, child - 5-16yr, adult - 16+yr
- What is the number 1 priority of an assessment? - -See whether life
threatening
- What does "ABC" stand for when you're doing the patient assessment? - -
airway, breathing, circulation
- Describe the ABCs - -A - clear airway through which air containing O2 can
enter
B - air entering lungs allow O2 in to blood
C - pumping heart and enough blood to carry O2 to body
- Give some examples of when something would be blocking airway passage
- -choking, asthma attack, unconscious (tongue flop back)
- Define unconscious - -A person who stops breathing - no chest movement,
no sounds, pale skin
- What is shock? - -A life-threatening medical condition whereby the body
suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result of severe
injury or illness
- Give some symptoms of shock - -weak and unable to stand, collapsed or
unconscious, cold clammy skin, sweating when NS stimulates sweat glands,
pale inside mouth
- Causes of shock - -excessive bleeding, heart attack, severe infections, low
blood sugar, loss of fluids
- For every minute CPR is delayed what % decrease in life expectancy - -
10%
- What is agonal breathing? - -gasping or snoring noises
, - What are spasms? - -involuntary muscle contractions - can mistake for
consciousness
- What are the 4 stages in the chain of survival - -1 - early recognition and
call for help, 2 - early bystander CPR, 3 - early defibrillation, 4 - advanced life
support and post resus care
- What are the main causes of illness - -viral and bacterial
- What is haemophillia and what does it cause - -a faulty gene disorder -
blood clotting disorder
- Define a penetrating and a blunt injury - -penetrating - visible bleeding,
increased risk of infection
blunt - internal damage, no blood
- What component is used in blood clotting - -Platelets
- Describe the process of blood clotting - -platelets, chemical proteins
causes platelets to be sticky so they combine with other substances to form
a clot - turns to a scab to stop stuff entering
- What is given to those who's blood clots easily - -anti-coagulants
- What is caused when tissues are injured - -inflammation
- what causes swelling? - -chemicals are released by damaged tissue
causing blood vessels to leak fluid causing swelling
- what is histamine? - -a compound that is released by cells in response to
injury and in allergic and inflammatory reactions, causing contraction of
smooth muscle and dilation of capillaries.
- When does a fever occur? - -when the body's thermostat inside the brain
raises above 37 degrees
- what is a rigor? - -Sudden feeling of cold along with chills and sweating,
but high temperature remains
- What do antibiotic treat? - -bacterial infections - not human cells or viruses
- What must you ensure with antibiotics - -finish the full course as it may
lead to resistance
- What is shaken baby syndrome? - -A serious brain injury resulting from
forcefully shaking an infant or toddler.
, - What are the symptoms of shaken baby syndrome? - -Difficulty Staying
Awake
Body Tremors
Difficulty Breathing
Poor Eating or Feeding
Vomiting
Discoloured Skin
Seizures
Coma
Paralysis
- 3 signs of frailty - -Fatigue, reduced activity, weight loss
- 5 risk factors of frailty - -fall downstairs or less than 1m, 3 or more
different injuries, non stop neck pain, not responding normally, bleeding risks
- What causes cancer? - -uncontrolled cell division
- Define malignant and benign - -malignant = a tumor that has spread
benign = a tumor that is only in one area
- What 2 things do you use to assess a heart - -pulse and blood pressure
- define blood pressure - -the force of blood in your arteries
- What is diastolic and systolic? - -diastolic - heart relaxing
systolic - as heart beats
- What is diastolic pressure? - -elastic recoil, or resting, pressure that blood
exerts constantly between each contraction
- what is the average BPM - -70-72
- what does adrenaline do? - -It increases the heart rate, boosting the
delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles
- What is angina? - -Insufficient oxygen to the heart muscle causing sudden,
severe substernal pain radiating to the left arm
- What is the main symptom of coronary heart disease? - -angina
- What increases once a person develops angina? - -risk of heart attack
- Define a heart attack - -a sudden loss of blood to the heart muscle
resulting in death of tissue/muscle
