UTI
Risk factors:
- Elderly are at greater risk due to decrease of sensation (not drinking as much and
not using the bathroom as frequently. Nephrons aren’t working so filtration isn’t
as good. Dehydration is more frequent with them.)
- Foley catheters: clean daily to prevent
- Bad hygiene: wipe front to back. Urinate before and after sexual activity
- Diabetes: high sugar so bacteria feeds off sugar
- Enlarged prostate: closes off urethria and bacteria grows
Symptoms:
- Confusion
- Bladder spams
- Nocturia: peeing at night
- Dysuria: painful urination (burning)
- Pelvic pain
- Hematuria: blood in the urine
- Complicated UTI: flank pain, fever, and N/V
o Pyelonephritis if goes into the kidneys
o If it goes into the blood system it would be sepsis
Treatment:
- Antibiotics: bacterium
o Unless allergic to sulfa
- Pyridium
o Analgesic
o Orange urine
o Will not cure- will just help with symptoms
- Oxybutynin- anticholinergic
o For bladder spasms
o Teach to increase fluid intake and give sugarless candies
o Do not give anything that would cause additional irritation such as alcohol,
caffeine, and spices
- Increase fluids as a whole by doing 3-4 liters
, Pyelonephritis
- Caused by UTI in the kidneys
- Caused by obstruction
o Kidney stones, clot, or tumor
o Try and treat the underlying cause like kidney stone, clot, or tumor
- Fluid buildup in the kidneys from abscesses and pus
Symptoms:
- Flank pain/ back pain
- Fever from infection occurring
- Chills
- N/V
- Decreased filtration rate (GFR)
- Increased in BUN/CRT
- UA will show protein, RBC (blood from pus and assesses), and WBC (infection)
- Enlarged kidney on scans
Chronic pyelonephritis:
- Scarring occurs
- Chronic kidney disease will occur if not taken care of acutely
Treatment:
- IV antibiotics
- Increase fluid intake
Prevention:
- Cranberry juice
- Decreases bacteria to be able to cling in the bladder
Kidney Stones
Risk factors:
- Elderly are at greater risk due to decrease of sensation (not drinking as much and
not using the bathroom as frequently. Nephrons aren’t working so filtration isn’t
as good. Dehydration is more frequent with them.)
- Foley catheters: clean daily to prevent
- Bad hygiene: wipe front to back. Urinate before and after sexual activity
- Diabetes: high sugar so bacteria feeds off sugar
- Enlarged prostate: closes off urethria and bacteria grows
Symptoms:
- Confusion
- Bladder spams
- Nocturia: peeing at night
- Dysuria: painful urination (burning)
- Pelvic pain
- Hematuria: blood in the urine
- Complicated UTI: flank pain, fever, and N/V
o Pyelonephritis if goes into the kidneys
o If it goes into the blood system it would be sepsis
Treatment:
- Antibiotics: bacterium
o Unless allergic to sulfa
- Pyridium
o Analgesic
o Orange urine
o Will not cure- will just help with symptoms
- Oxybutynin- anticholinergic
o For bladder spasms
o Teach to increase fluid intake and give sugarless candies
o Do not give anything that would cause additional irritation such as alcohol,
caffeine, and spices
- Increase fluids as a whole by doing 3-4 liters
, Pyelonephritis
- Caused by UTI in the kidneys
- Caused by obstruction
o Kidney stones, clot, or tumor
o Try and treat the underlying cause like kidney stone, clot, or tumor
- Fluid buildup in the kidneys from abscesses and pus
Symptoms:
- Flank pain/ back pain
- Fever from infection occurring
- Chills
- N/V
- Decreased filtration rate (GFR)
- Increased in BUN/CRT
- UA will show protein, RBC (blood from pus and assesses), and WBC (infection)
- Enlarged kidney on scans
Chronic pyelonephritis:
- Scarring occurs
- Chronic kidney disease will occur if not taken care of acutely
Treatment:
- IV antibiotics
- Increase fluid intake
Prevention:
- Cranberry juice
- Decreases bacteria to be able to cling in the bladder
Kidney Stones
