Body
Headaches
Frequent infections
Taut muscles
Muscular twitches
Fatigue
Skin irritations
Breathlessness
Mind
Worrying
Muddled thinking
Impaired judgment
Nightmares
Indecisions
Negativity
Hasty decisions
Behavior
Accident prone
Loss of appetite
Loss of sex drive
Drinking more
Restlessness
Smoking more
Emotions
Loss of confidence
More fussy
Irritability
Depression
Apathy
Alienation
Apprehension
• Stress causes anxiety
• Individuals may use defense mechanisms as a way to manage conflict in response to anxiety
• Dysfunctional behavior may occur when an ego defense mechanism is used in a response to
anxiety
• Ego defense mechanisms are reversible
• Defense mechanisms can be both adaptive and maladaptive
Adaptive use: helps people achieve their goal
Maladaptive use: when they interfere with functioning, relationships, and orientation to
reality