IAAP CPACC CERTIFICATION PREP EXAM WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.

ARIA - correct answer️️An acronym for "Accessible Rich Internet Applications". A set of attributes you can add to HTML elements that define ways to make web content and applications accessible to users with disabilities who use assistive technologies. An example - "When accessibility issues cannot be managed with native HTML, ARIA can help bridge those gaps." Disabilities on the Web - correct answer️️The disabilities that matter most in terms of their effect on web use are disabilities in the eyes, ears, hands, and brain Blind people (Printed Disability) - correct answer️️- can't read signs on buildings - product packaging - business cards - postal mail sent to their home - any printed text A blind person's methods of receiving information depend on other people. (Before Screen Readers) Screen Readers - correct answer️️Allow blind people to access information independently, without having to direct assistance from anyone else Assistive Technologies and the Web - correct answer️️Blindness - screen readers - refreshable braille devices Color Blindness - color enhancement overlaps or glasses Low Vision - screen enlargers - screen readers Deafness - captions - transcripts Motor/Mobility Disabilities - head wand - mouth stick - alternative keyboards - eye gaze tracking - voice activation Cognitive Disabilities - screen readers - screen overlaps - augmentative communication aids Medical Model of Disability - correct answer️️Disability is viewed as a problem that is caused by medically-diagnosed genetic disorders, disease, trauma, or other health conditions. Disability is treated as a biological problem that diminishes quality of life and needs to be treated with professional medical care. Strengths of the Medical Model - correct answer️️- A clearly-defined set of biological criteria to diagnose a person's condition helps medical professionals make important decisions in terms of treatment - When deciding who should receive government assistance, a clearly-defined set of criteria helps inform those decisions Weaknesses of the Medical Model - correct answer️️Frequently criticized by disability advocates. - Overlooks the impact of the design decisions in our social environment - Labels and stigmatizes the person as different and "less than" the rest of the population - People who do not fit within the clearly-defined definitions may be denied benefits that they need - Adds a level of inconvenient bureaucracy by having to "prove" your disability repeatedly Social Model of Disability - correct answer️️The social model doesn't deny that there is a biological or medical component to disability. It merely points out that more inclusive designs can remove the barriers that people with disabilities face in their everyday lives. It also provides a meaningful context for accessibility professionals. Strengths of the Social Model - correct answer️️- The expectation is that society will create more inclusive environments, and not that people with disabilities need to accept a lower quality of life simply because of their bodies do not conform to "normal" expectations. - Empowers designers of physical and virtual environments to think broadly about usability for all kinds of humans Weaknesses of the Social Model - correct answer️️The social model can de-emphasize the physical reality of a disability too much. They argue that a person's disability can be an important part of one's identity, and it shouldn't be minimized to the point that people are afraid to talk about it. Accepting and "owning" one's disability can be very healthy from an emotional and psychological perspective. Biopsychosocial Model - correct answer️️Recognizes that disability is a concept and multi-faceted concepts and incorporates the perspectives of the medical and social models. A coherent view of different perspectives of health: biological, individual and social Economic Model of Disability - correct answer️️A way of understanding and representing disabled people in terms of their contribution to or drain on the economy. Strength: - Provides accommodations for a person's disability Weakness: - Can be viewed as "needy" members of society. - Also, if a person does not meet the legal threshold for disabled, or if there is a dispute as to a person's disability, the person with the disability may not receive the support they need Functional Solutions Model - correct answer️️More focus on applying innovation to overcoming the limitations of disability Strength: - Building accessible environments Weaknesses: - Creating products that are not practical or useful - Can be expensive