ITLS REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
Your Exam Plug
,Which injuries are by and large responsible for the majority of mortality from trauma in the world? -
Answer: Motion
What are the three separate events in an MVC? - Answer: Machine collision, body collision, organ
collision
Five forms of MVCs? - Answer: Frontal, lateral, rear, rollover, rotational
Common injuries for frontal collisions? - Answer: Windshield, whiplash, steering wheel, compression,
dashboard
Common injuries for lateral collisions? - Answer: Lateral displacement, side impact
Common injuries for rear collisions? - Answer: Whiplash, spinal, deceleration
Common injuries for rollover collisions? - Answer: Axial-loading, ejections, impact, whiplash, etc.
Common injuries for rotational collisions? - Answer: frontal impact, lateral impact injuries
Should you board someone with a penetrating injury if the injury is not near the spine? - Answer: No
What are the five different blast injuries? - Answer: Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, quinary
Primary blast injuries? - Answer: initial air blast
Secondary blast injuries? - Answer: shrapnel hits
Tertiary blast injuries? - Answer: body being thrown into ground or other objects
Quaternary blast injuries? - Answer: Thermal burns or respiratory injuries from inhalation of fumes
,Quinary blast injuries? - Answer: contamination by chemical, biological, or radiological material
What is the highest cause of death in young people? - Answer: Trauma
What are the three things that you're allowed to interrupt the primary survey? - Answer: Scene
becomes unsafe, treatment of airway obstruction, treatment of cardiac arrest
What's the goal to complete primary survey? - Answer: less than two minutes and on scene time of 5
minutes or less
What is the "fix-it" process? - Answer: Delegating to team interventions and continuing the assessment
What's the first thing to be done in a trauma? - Answer: Control bleeding then airway
If the chest is moving but you don't feel air, is the pt breathing adequately? - Answer: No
What is the general rule for all patients with multi-system trauma? - Answer: High-flow supplemental
oxygen, keeping the pulse oximeter reading around 95% rather than 100%
What should be done with bleeding that is not controlled with pressure? - Answer: Tourniquet, if a
hemostatic agent and pressure fails.
When should you obtain a SAMPLE history and why? - Answer: At the same time you are performing the
pt assessment (another EMT can be doing this) because you may be obtaining info from bystanders who
won't be transporting.
What are the critical injuries and conditions in which you should transport immediately? - Answer: AMS,
abnormal breathing, abnormal circulation, injuries that could lead to shock, significant mechanism of
injury or general health
, What procedures should not be performed before rapid transport? - Answer: non-lifesaving procedures
such as splinting, bandaging, IV access, or elective endotracheal intubation
Per ITLS, when should reassessment in the ongoing exam occur? - Answer: critical patients every 5
minutes, stable patients every 15 minutes.
During what occurrences, should the ongoing exam be performed? - Answer: each time the pt is moved,
each time an intervention is performed, any time the patient's condition worsens.
When should a secondary assessment be performed? - Answer: During transport rather than on scene,
unless primary survey does not reveal a critical condition
What does TIC stand for? - Answer: Tenderness, instability, and crepitus
When should a glucose check be obtained for AMS in a trauma? - Answer: Ongoing exam
What is serum lactate a good marker for? - Answer: Tissue hypoxia, predictor of shock
What is a FAST exam and what is it good for? - Answer: Focused Assessment with Sonography in
Trauma, good for assessing trauma in the abdomen
What is the chest wall comprised of? - Answer: skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, ribs, and the
neurovascular bundle (which runs around the lower border of the rib)
How much blood can the adult thoracic cavity contain? - Answer: Up to 3 liters on each side
What does the mediastinum include? - Answer: heart, aorta, pulmonary artery, superior and inferior
vena cava, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus
Where is the diaphragm located? - Answer: lower six ribs and xyphoid process
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
Your Exam Plug
,Which injuries are by and large responsible for the majority of mortality from trauma in the world? -
Answer: Motion
What are the three separate events in an MVC? - Answer: Machine collision, body collision, organ
collision
Five forms of MVCs? - Answer: Frontal, lateral, rear, rollover, rotational
Common injuries for frontal collisions? - Answer: Windshield, whiplash, steering wheel, compression,
dashboard
Common injuries for lateral collisions? - Answer: Lateral displacement, side impact
Common injuries for rear collisions? - Answer: Whiplash, spinal, deceleration
Common injuries for rollover collisions? - Answer: Axial-loading, ejections, impact, whiplash, etc.
Common injuries for rotational collisions? - Answer: frontal impact, lateral impact injuries
Should you board someone with a penetrating injury if the injury is not near the spine? - Answer: No
What are the five different blast injuries? - Answer: Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, quinary
Primary blast injuries? - Answer: initial air blast
Secondary blast injuries? - Answer: shrapnel hits
Tertiary blast injuries? - Answer: body being thrown into ground or other objects
Quaternary blast injuries? - Answer: Thermal burns or respiratory injuries from inhalation of fumes
,Quinary blast injuries? - Answer: contamination by chemical, biological, or radiological material
What is the highest cause of death in young people? - Answer: Trauma
What are the three things that you're allowed to interrupt the primary survey? - Answer: Scene
becomes unsafe, treatment of airway obstruction, treatment of cardiac arrest
What's the goal to complete primary survey? - Answer: less than two minutes and on scene time of 5
minutes or less
What is the "fix-it" process? - Answer: Delegating to team interventions and continuing the assessment
What's the first thing to be done in a trauma? - Answer: Control bleeding then airway
If the chest is moving but you don't feel air, is the pt breathing adequately? - Answer: No
What is the general rule for all patients with multi-system trauma? - Answer: High-flow supplemental
oxygen, keeping the pulse oximeter reading around 95% rather than 100%
What should be done with bleeding that is not controlled with pressure? - Answer: Tourniquet, if a
hemostatic agent and pressure fails.
When should you obtain a SAMPLE history and why? - Answer: At the same time you are performing the
pt assessment (another EMT can be doing this) because you may be obtaining info from bystanders who
won't be transporting.
What are the critical injuries and conditions in which you should transport immediately? - Answer: AMS,
abnormal breathing, abnormal circulation, injuries that could lead to shock, significant mechanism of
injury or general health
, What procedures should not be performed before rapid transport? - Answer: non-lifesaving procedures
such as splinting, bandaging, IV access, or elective endotracheal intubation
Per ITLS, when should reassessment in the ongoing exam occur? - Answer: critical patients every 5
minutes, stable patients every 15 minutes.
During what occurrences, should the ongoing exam be performed? - Answer: each time the pt is moved,
each time an intervention is performed, any time the patient's condition worsens.
When should a secondary assessment be performed? - Answer: During transport rather than on scene,
unless primary survey does not reveal a critical condition
What does TIC stand for? - Answer: Tenderness, instability, and crepitus
When should a glucose check be obtained for AMS in a trauma? - Answer: Ongoing exam
What is serum lactate a good marker for? - Answer: Tissue hypoxia, predictor of shock
What is a FAST exam and what is it good for? - Answer: Focused Assessment with Sonography in
Trauma, good for assessing trauma in the abdomen
What is the chest wall comprised of? - Answer: skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, ribs, and the
neurovascular bundle (which runs around the lower border of the rib)
How much blood can the adult thoracic cavity contain? - Answer: Up to 3 liters on each side
What does the mediastinum include? - Answer: heart, aorta, pulmonary artery, superior and inferior
vena cava, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus
Where is the diaphragm located? - Answer: lower six ribs and xyphoid process
