,Exercise physiology and biomechanics - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS--Simple and complex carbohydrates
-simple carbohydrates are found in fruit
-complex carbohydrates are found in nearly all plant based foods (pasta, bread, rice and
vegetables)
- the principle use of energy in the body
-once digested they are converted to glucose
-this can then be stored in the muscles and liver as glycogen.
Fats - CORRECT ANSWERS--Saturated fat (sweet and savoury foods)
-trans fat (unsaturated fat found in meat and dairy)
-cholesterol (type of fat that circulates in the body)
-used during low intensity exercise as a provider of energy
Proteins - CORRECT ANSWERS--Made up of amino acids
-important for muscle growth and repair
-meat, fish, eggs, dairy products
-minor source of energy and tend to be used more by power atheletes who have a
greater need to repair and develop muscle tissue
Vitamins - CORRECT ANSWERS--Essential nutrients that your body needs in small
amounts in order to work properly
-fat soluble
-water soluble
Vitamin C - CORRECT ANSWERS-Green vegetables and fruits
protects cells and Keeps them healthy
helps maintenance of bones, teeth and ligaments
Vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWERS-Sunlight, oily fish, dairy products.
Has a role in absorption of calcium, which keeps bones and teeth healthy
B6 - CORRECT ANSWERS-Meat, fish, eggs, bread, vegetables and cereals.
Helps form haemoglobin
helps the body to use and store energy from protein and carbohydrate in food.
B12 - CORRECT ANSWERS-Red meat, dairy products and fish
makes red blood cells and keeps the nervous system healthy.
releases energy from food.
Minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS-Assist in bodily functions
include sodium (helps with the regulation of fluid levels in the body)
Iron (helps the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells to transport oxygen)
, calcium (the need for strong bones and teeth and is also necessary for efficient nerve
and muscle function)
Fibre - CORRECT ANSWERS-Found in whole meal bread and pasta, potatoes, nuts,
seeds, fruit, vegetables and pulses
can speed up digestion and prevent constipation. (Insoluble fibre)
Water - CORRECT ANSWERS-Important for hydration before during and after exercise
prevents dehydration.
Dietary supplements - CORRECT ANSWERS-Used to artificially manipulate
performance, but these have both positive and negative effects
Creatine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Compound that is naturally made in the body which
supplied energy for muscular contraction.
Also used as a supplement to increase athletic performance.
Advantages of creatine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Aims to provide ATP
replenishes phosphocreatine stores
allows ATP-PC system to last longer
improves muscle mass
Disadvantages of creatine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Possible side effects (muscle
cramps, diarrhoea, water retention, bloating and vomiting).
Hinder aerobic performance
mixed evidence to shoe benefits
Sodium carbonate - CORRECT ANSWERS-A white soluble compound used as an
antacid
Positive effects of sodium bicarbonate - CORRECT ANSWERS-Reduces acidity in the
muscle cells
delays fatigue
increase buffering capacity of the blood
Negative effects of sodium bicarbonate - CORRECT ANSWERS-Side effects (voimitng,
pain, cramping, diarrhoea and bloating)
Caffeine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Naturally occuring stimulant which increases
alertness and reduces fatigue
Positive effects of caffeine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Stimulant increases mental
rehearsal
reduces effect of fatigue
allows fats to be used as an energy source
delays use of glycogen stores
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS--Simple and complex carbohydrates
-simple carbohydrates are found in fruit
-complex carbohydrates are found in nearly all plant based foods (pasta, bread, rice and
vegetables)
- the principle use of energy in the body
-once digested they are converted to glucose
-this can then be stored in the muscles and liver as glycogen.
Fats - CORRECT ANSWERS--Saturated fat (sweet and savoury foods)
-trans fat (unsaturated fat found in meat and dairy)
-cholesterol (type of fat that circulates in the body)
-used during low intensity exercise as a provider of energy
Proteins - CORRECT ANSWERS--Made up of amino acids
-important for muscle growth and repair
-meat, fish, eggs, dairy products
-minor source of energy and tend to be used more by power atheletes who have a
greater need to repair and develop muscle tissue
Vitamins - CORRECT ANSWERS--Essential nutrients that your body needs in small
amounts in order to work properly
-fat soluble
-water soluble
Vitamin C - CORRECT ANSWERS-Green vegetables and fruits
protects cells and Keeps them healthy
helps maintenance of bones, teeth and ligaments
Vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWERS-Sunlight, oily fish, dairy products.
Has a role in absorption of calcium, which keeps bones and teeth healthy
B6 - CORRECT ANSWERS-Meat, fish, eggs, bread, vegetables and cereals.
Helps form haemoglobin
helps the body to use and store energy from protein and carbohydrate in food.
B12 - CORRECT ANSWERS-Red meat, dairy products and fish
makes red blood cells and keeps the nervous system healthy.
releases energy from food.
Minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS-Assist in bodily functions
include sodium (helps with the regulation of fluid levels in the body)
Iron (helps the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells to transport oxygen)
, calcium (the need for strong bones and teeth and is also necessary for efficient nerve
and muscle function)
Fibre - CORRECT ANSWERS-Found in whole meal bread and pasta, potatoes, nuts,
seeds, fruit, vegetables and pulses
can speed up digestion and prevent constipation. (Insoluble fibre)
Water - CORRECT ANSWERS-Important for hydration before during and after exercise
prevents dehydration.
Dietary supplements - CORRECT ANSWERS-Used to artificially manipulate
performance, but these have both positive and negative effects
Creatine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Compound that is naturally made in the body which
supplied energy for muscular contraction.
Also used as a supplement to increase athletic performance.
Advantages of creatine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Aims to provide ATP
replenishes phosphocreatine stores
allows ATP-PC system to last longer
improves muscle mass
Disadvantages of creatine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Possible side effects (muscle
cramps, diarrhoea, water retention, bloating and vomiting).
Hinder aerobic performance
mixed evidence to shoe benefits
Sodium carbonate - CORRECT ANSWERS-A white soluble compound used as an
antacid
Positive effects of sodium bicarbonate - CORRECT ANSWERS-Reduces acidity in the
muscle cells
delays fatigue
increase buffering capacity of the blood
Negative effects of sodium bicarbonate - CORRECT ANSWERS-Side effects (voimitng,
pain, cramping, diarrhoea and bloating)
Caffeine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Naturally occuring stimulant which increases
alertness and reduces fatigue
Positive effects of caffeine - CORRECT ANSWERS-Stimulant increases mental
rehearsal
reduces effect of fatigue
allows fats to be used as an energy source
delays use of glycogen stores
