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Lecture notes

Cell Biology Module - Biochemistry 1st Year

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Cell Biology Module - first class degree notes providing straightforward revision for exams. Comprehensive and excellent Cell Biology Module Notes to improve your grades. These notes cover the entire module, including extra reading, to enhance learning and results. I used these notes alone to prepare and revise for my exams. They are formatted to enable easy and straightforward revision and rapid learning of the essential topics and concepts. The notes are sectioned into different, structured topics, making revision simple. 80 pages of concise notes, focus on answering exam questions, to ensure the student is well prepared for the examination. Modules/topics: • LIGHT MICROSCOPY • Electron Microscopy (EM) • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) • Tools for the detection and purification of proteins • Biological membranes • Mitochondria and chloroplasts • Protein sorting and protein traffic - How proteins find their way in a cell • Targeting to the ER • Cytoskeleton • Cellular organisation • Extracellular matrix (ECM) • Epithelia and cell junctions • Plant Structure, Growth, and Development • Meristems, primary and secondary growth of plant cells in shoots and roots • Plant cell expansion and division, morphogenesis and pattern formation, the control of cell differentiation • Nucleus • Chromosomes • Mitosis and Meiosis • Cell Proliferation: The Cell Cycle • Cell signalling • Enzyme-coupled receptor signalling - Signalling cross-talk • Quiescence, senescence, terminal differentiation and apoptosis in animal cells • Cancer, Tissue Renewal, Stem Cells and Stem Cell Therapies • Stem cells and Tissue Renewal • Stem Cell Therapies (Regenerative Medicine)

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June 18, 2020
Number of pages
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Written in
2016/2017
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Cell Biology

Introductory lecture


History of Cell Biology
• 1655- Robert Hooke-An English microscopist
• Why do stoppers made of cork (tree bark) float?
• Hooke called the pores cellulae ‘little rooms’ (they were not cells but empty cell walls of dead plant
tissue).

Anton van Leeuwenhoek - Examined pondwater teaming with ‘animalcules’ (1674). Also observed bacteria

Cell Theory
• Scheiden and Schwann (1830s)
• All organisms are composed of 1 or more cells
• The cell is the structural unit of life
• BUT they thought that cells could arise from non-cellular materials

An important addition to the Cell Theory
• 1855 Rudolf Virchow
• Cells can arise only from division of a pre-existing cell.

All living things are made of cells




Bacteria (microbiology)




Eukaryotes




What is Cell Biology
• Cells are the basic unit of life
• Study of Cells
• Cytology (Cell Structure), Biochemistry (Chemistry of Life), Genetics
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