PSYC 102 Final Exam - UBC Questions
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motivation
Ans: set of factors that initiate and direct behavior
emotion
Ans: complex psychological event often associated with motivation;
involve a physiological reaction, expression reaction, or subjective
experience
internal factors
Ans: consist of instincts and drive
instincts
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Ans: unlearned characteristic patterns of responding that are controlled
by specific triggering stimuli in the world; not thought to be an important
factor in explaining goal-directed behavior in humans
primary drive
Ans: a psychological state that arises in response to an internal
physiological need, such as hunger or thirst
secondary drive
Ans: a drive learned by association with a primary drive (e.g. the need for
money)
homeostasis
Ans: the process through which the body maintains a steady steate, such
as a constant internal temperature or an adequate amount of fluids
proximate factors
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Ans: causes of behavior that derive from an organism's immediate
internal or external environment
ultimate factors
Ans: causes of behavior that refer to evolutionaily adaptive significance
and reproductive consequences for the organism
incentive motivation
Ans: external factors in the environment-such as money, an attractive
person, or tasty food-that exert pulling effects on people's actions
achievement motive
Ans: a need that varies in strength across individuals; its strength on any
given task depends on (1) expectations about success and (2) how much
value a person places on succeeding at the task
intrinsic motivation
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Ans: goal-directed behavior that seems to be entirely self-motivated
need hierarchy
Ans: the idea popularized by Maslow that human needs are prioritized in
a hierarchy; some needs, esp. physiological ones, must be satisfied before
others, such as the need for achievement or self-actualization, can be
pursued
glucose
Ans: a kind of sugar that cells require for energy production
insulin
Ans: a hormone released by the pancreas that helps pump nutrients in
the blood into the cells, where they can be stored as fat or metabolized
into needed energy
leptin