ABO Advanced Test Questions Solved 100% Correct

ABO Advanced Test Questions Solved 100%
Correct
Forward Type

Looking for unknown antigen on RBC, use known antibody (Antisera), Agglutination indicates
the presence of antigen, determines the ABO group

Reverse Type

Use Known antigen (reagent red cells) to detect--Unknown antibody in plasma, agglutination
indicates the presence of antibody, confirms the ABO group (most of the time, ~2%
discrepancy)

ABO subgroups: "A" main subgroups

Type "A" may be broken down into 2 main subgroups: A1 and A2

What % of A people have an unexpected reverse reaction that doesn't match forward
reaction

1% of the 40% that are type A

A1 phenotype has which antigens

A1 and A (H)

A2 phenotype has which antigens

A only (NO such thing as A2 antigen) (H)

Quantitative A1 v. A2: A1

A1 has higher concentration of A (in addition to having A1 antigen)

Quantitative: A1 v A2: A2

A2 has fewer A antigens and Higher concentration of H

Qualitative: A1 v A2

, Linear (A) vs. branched (A1) forms of the same antigen

Group AB can also be subdivided into different subgroups

A1B...A1, A, B, (H) antigens. A2B.....A and B, (H) antigens

Order of ABO with decreasing amount of H

O>A2>B>A2B>A1>A1B (usually still have enough for 3+/4+ rxn.)

A1 phenotype possible genotype

A1/A1, A1/O, A1/A2

A2 phenotype possible genotype

A2/A2, A2/O

B phenotype possible genotype

B/B, B/O

A1B phenotype possible genotype

A1/B

A2B phenotype possible genotype

A2/B

O phenotype possible genotype

O/O

% Of "A" that are A1 phenotype

80% (of the 40%)

Frequency of "A" that are A2 phenotype

20% (of the 40%)

What % of the A2 form anti-A1