NSG 251 Anticoagulants and Thrombolytics Test
Questions and Verified Answers
Heparin
It inhibits clotting factors IIa (thrombin), IX, and Xa, preventing prothrombin from converting to
thrombin.
Intrinsic coagulation cascade pathway
Heparin mainly affects this coagulation pathway.
Onset time and half-life of Heparin
Heparin has an immediate onset and a short half-life.
Indication for Heparin
Heparin is used for preventing and treating thrombus or embolus formation.
Condition for Heparin use in IV lines
Prevention of clotting in IV lines and blood draws.
HITS
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia syndrome (HITS).
HITS type 2 management
Discontinue Heparin and substitute with Argatroban (Acova) if platelets drop by 50%.
Heparin overdose treatment
IV protamine sulfate (1 mg per 100 units of Heparin can reverse effects).
Symptoms of Heparin overdose
Symptoms include hematuria, melena, petechiae, ecchymosis, and gum bleeding.
Contraindications for Heparin
, Sulfa allergy, anuria, hypovolemia, pregnancy (Category C).
Heparin and NSAIDs
Heparin should not be used concurrently with NSAIDs or aspirin due to increased bleeding risk.
Monitoring for unfractionated Heparin
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) should be frequently monitored.
Normal therapeutic range for aPTT
45-70 seconds.
Heparin catheter flush monitoring
No monitoring is needed for catheter flush (10-100 units/mL).
Heparin dosing administration
By continuous IV infusion with weight-based dosing in kg.
Double-checking Heparin dosing (high alert drug!)
To prevent dosing errors due to Heparin's narrow therapeutic range.
Unfractionated Heparin source
Derived from pigs.
Heparin formulation contraindication
Heparin containing benzyl alcohol should not be used in preemies.
Subcutaneous Heparin injection sites
Administered in areas of deep subcutaneous fat, avoiding areas within 2 inches of the umbilicus
or wounds.
Rotation of Heparin injection sites
Yes, to prevent tissue damage.
Questions and Verified Answers
Heparin
It inhibits clotting factors IIa (thrombin), IX, and Xa, preventing prothrombin from converting to
thrombin.
Intrinsic coagulation cascade pathway
Heparin mainly affects this coagulation pathway.
Onset time and half-life of Heparin
Heparin has an immediate onset and a short half-life.
Indication for Heparin
Heparin is used for preventing and treating thrombus or embolus formation.
Condition for Heparin use in IV lines
Prevention of clotting in IV lines and blood draws.
HITS
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia syndrome (HITS).
HITS type 2 management
Discontinue Heparin and substitute with Argatroban (Acova) if platelets drop by 50%.
Heparin overdose treatment
IV protamine sulfate (1 mg per 100 units of Heparin can reverse effects).
Symptoms of Heparin overdose
Symptoms include hematuria, melena, petechiae, ecchymosis, and gum bleeding.
Contraindications for Heparin
, Sulfa allergy, anuria, hypovolemia, pregnancy (Category C).
Heparin and NSAIDs
Heparin should not be used concurrently with NSAIDs or aspirin due to increased bleeding risk.
Monitoring for unfractionated Heparin
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) should be frequently monitored.
Normal therapeutic range for aPTT
45-70 seconds.
Heparin catheter flush monitoring
No monitoring is needed for catheter flush (10-100 units/mL).
Heparin dosing administration
By continuous IV infusion with weight-based dosing in kg.
Double-checking Heparin dosing (high alert drug!)
To prevent dosing errors due to Heparin's narrow therapeutic range.
Unfractionated Heparin source
Derived from pigs.
Heparin formulation contraindication
Heparin containing benzyl alcohol should not be used in preemies.
Subcutaneous Heparin injection sites
Administered in areas of deep subcutaneous fat, avoiding areas within 2 inches of the umbilicus
or wounds.
Rotation of Heparin injection sites
Yes, to prevent tissue damage.
