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DEX IOT DAY 5 TEST 2025 | TRAUMA AND HAND &
WRIST | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |
LATEST VERSION | ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the 3 types of proximal femur fractures? - (answers)Subtroch,
Intertroch, Femoral Neck
What is the challenge of intra-articular fractures? - (answers)Synovial fluid in joint
capsule is detrimental to healing
What defines the subtroch region? - (answers)Extends 5 cm distal to lesser
trochanter
What is the normal neck shaft angle of proximal femur? - (answers)130 degrees
+/- 7 degrees
What is the normal femoral anteversion angle and why does it exist? -
(answers)10 degrees +/- 7 degrees; femoral head is anterior to shaft
What is the femoral calcar? - (answers)Thick cortex running from lesser troch
along neck to femoral head; best bolster region in inferior posterior aspect
What is Ward's triangle? - (answers)Area of femoral neck lacking in strength
What is Wolf's law? - (answers)Bones develop shape and morphology based on
stresses and mechanics (soft tissue attachments)
Anatomic location of lesser troch indicates... - (answers)Degree of rotation
Is there any significant risk to blood supply with lateral approach to proximal
femur fx fixation? - (answers)No
What is potential risk involving blood supply in femoral neck fx? -
(answers)Retinacular arteries supply femoral neck and head; fracture at femoral
neck leads to avascular necrosis of head
Garden classification for femoral neck fx: - (answers)Type I: incomplete, valgus
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impacted
Type II: complete, undisplaced
Type III: complete, displaced, some bone intact
Type IV: displaced fracture
What percent of femoral neck fx occur in women? - (answers)80%
Treatment options for femoral neck fx: - (answers)Garden type I and II treated
with closed pinning (3 screws)
Garden type III and IV treated with THA, hemiarthroplasty, or closed pinning
depending on age/health of patient
What percent of intertroch fractures occur in women? - (answers)70%
Classification for intertroch fractures: - (answers)Stable, two-part
Unstable, comminuted
Reverse obliquity
What is the start point for the troch nail? - (answers)Tip of greater trochanter
(due to slight angle of bone so instrumentation doesn't have to be right on top of
patients)
What is anterior bowing? - (answers)113 cm radius of anterior curvature
Which two nails are biomechanically similar? - (answers)Short and ES
Which nail should be used for subtroch? - (answers)Long nail with static locked
nail
How do you fixate reverse obliquity fx? - (answers)Long nail, locked and static lag
screw
Which fx pattern has bimodal distribution? What % of fx are this type? -
(answers)Subtroch - young males, old females; 10-30% of all hip fx
Associated with bisphosphonate use for osteoporosis
Pro of ES nail over short nail? - (answers)Crosses past ismus of shaft, can lead to
DEX IOT DAY 5 TEST 2025 | TRAUMA AND HAND &
WRIST | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |
LATEST VERSION | ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the 3 types of proximal femur fractures? - (answers)Subtroch,
Intertroch, Femoral Neck
What is the challenge of intra-articular fractures? - (answers)Synovial fluid in joint
capsule is detrimental to healing
What defines the subtroch region? - (answers)Extends 5 cm distal to lesser
trochanter
What is the normal neck shaft angle of proximal femur? - (answers)130 degrees
+/- 7 degrees
What is the normal femoral anteversion angle and why does it exist? -
(answers)10 degrees +/- 7 degrees; femoral head is anterior to shaft
What is the femoral calcar? - (answers)Thick cortex running from lesser troch
along neck to femoral head; best bolster region in inferior posterior aspect
What is Ward's triangle? - (answers)Area of femoral neck lacking in strength
What is Wolf's law? - (answers)Bones develop shape and morphology based on
stresses and mechanics (soft tissue attachments)
Anatomic location of lesser troch indicates... - (answers)Degree of rotation
Is there any significant risk to blood supply with lateral approach to proximal
femur fx fixation? - (answers)No
What is potential risk involving blood supply in femoral neck fx? -
(answers)Retinacular arteries supply femoral neck and head; fracture at femoral
neck leads to avascular necrosis of head
Garden classification for femoral neck fx: - (answers)Type I: incomplete, valgus
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impacted
Type II: complete, undisplaced
Type III: complete, displaced, some bone intact
Type IV: displaced fracture
What percent of femoral neck fx occur in women? - (answers)80%
Treatment options for femoral neck fx: - (answers)Garden type I and II treated
with closed pinning (3 screws)
Garden type III and IV treated with THA, hemiarthroplasty, or closed pinning
depending on age/health of patient
What percent of intertroch fractures occur in women? - (answers)70%
Classification for intertroch fractures: - (answers)Stable, two-part
Unstable, comminuted
Reverse obliquity
What is the start point for the troch nail? - (answers)Tip of greater trochanter
(due to slight angle of bone so instrumentation doesn't have to be right on top of
patients)
What is anterior bowing? - (answers)113 cm radius of anterior curvature
Which two nails are biomechanically similar? - (answers)Short and ES
Which nail should be used for subtroch? - (answers)Long nail with static locked
nail
How do you fixate reverse obliquity fx? - (answers)Long nail, locked and static lag
screw
Which fx pattern has bimodal distribution? What % of fx are this type? -
(answers)Subtroch - young males, old females; 10-30% of all hip fx
Associated with bisphosphonate use for osteoporosis
Pro of ES nail over short nail? - (answers)Crosses past ismus of shaft, can lead to
