NUR 110 MIDTERM EVALUATION QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2025 A+
✔✔Intradermal injection sites - ✔✔inner surface of the forearm and the upper back
under the scapula.
✔✔intradermal injection needle and gauge size - ✔✔1/4-to-1/2-inch needle with a 25-27
gauge
✔✔subcutaneous injection - ✔✔injection into the subcutaneous tissue that lies between
the epidermis and the muscle
✔✔Subcutaneous injection sites - ✔✔- outer prospect of upper arm
- abdomen
- anterior aspects of thigh
- upper back
- upper ventral or dorsalglutteal
✔✔intravenous injection - ✔✔the administration of medication by injection directly into a
vein
✔✔Topical Administration of Medications - ✔✔skin applications, eye
instillations/irrigations, ear instillations/irrigations, nasal instillations, vaginal instillations,
rectal instillations
✔✔Components of the Infection Cycle - ✔✔Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit,
means of transmission, portal of entry and susceptible host.
✔✔classification of bacteria - ✔✔Spherical (cocci), rod shaped (bacilli), corkscrew
shaped (spirochetes)
Gram positive or gram negative—based on reaction to Gram stain
Aerobic or anaerobic—based on need for oxygen
✔✔common portals of entry - ✔✔The urinary, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts
and the skin
✔✔common portals of exit - ✔✔respiratory, GI, genitourinary tracts, breaks in skin,
blood and tissue
✔✔factors affecting host susceptibility. - ✔✔1) intact skin & mucous membranes
2) normal pH levels
3) body's WBCs
4) Age, sex, race, hereditary factors
5) immunization, natural or acquired
6) fatigue, climate, nutritional & general health status.
, 7) Stress
9) Health status
8) Use of invasive or indwelling medical devices.
✔✔Labratory Data indicating infection - ✔✔elevated WBC count, increase in other
WBC's, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, prescience of pathogen (in blood,
urine, sputum, or draining cultures)
✔✔cardinal signs of acute infection - ✔✔redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function
✔✔When you should wash your hands - ✔✔- before patient contact
- before aseptic task
- after body fluid exposure risk
- after patient contact
- after contact with patient surroundings
✔✔HAI - ✔✔hospital acquired infection
✔✔Sites for HAI's - ✔✔urinary system, pneumonia, surgical site, bloodstream
✔✔four categories responsible for HAI's - ✔✔Catheter-associated urinary tract infection
(CAUTI)
Surgical site infection (SSI)
Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
✔✔multi-drug resistant bacteria - ✔✔MRSA, VRE, C-DIFF, ESBL, CRE/KPC,
Acinetobacter baumannii, VISA, VRSA
✔✔risk factors for VRE - ✔✔compromised immune system, recent surgery, invasive
devices, prolonged antibiotic use, prolonged hospitalization
✔✔CDC Recommendations to Prevent C. difficile infection (CDI) - ✔✔- meticulous hand
hygiene
- one patient instrument use (stethoscope, BP cuff, thermometer)
- using PPE
- patients in private rooms, maybe cohort patients with the same infection
- environmental contamination of rooms
- educating health care providers, patients/patient families
- using antimicrobials when indicated and at appropriate dose
✔✔Body's defense against infection - ✔✔normal flora, inflammatory response, immune
response
✔✔aseptic technique - ✔✔A procedure performed under sterile conditions.
SOLUTIONS 2025 A+
✔✔Intradermal injection sites - ✔✔inner surface of the forearm and the upper back
under the scapula.
✔✔intradermal injection needle and gauge size - ✔✔1/4-to-1/2-inch needle with a 25-27
gauge
✔✔subcutaneous injection - ✔✔injection into the subcutaneous tissue that lies between
the epidermis and the muscle
✔✔Subcutaneous injection sites - ✔✔- outer prospect of upper arm
- abdomen
- anterior aspects of thigh
- upper back
- upper ventral or dorsalglutteal
✔✔intravenous injection - ✔✔the administration of medication by injection directly into a
vein
✔✔Topical Administration of Medications - ✔✔skin applications, eye
instillations/irrigations, ear instillations/irrigations, nasal instillations, vaginal instillations,
rectal instillations
✔✔Components of the Infection Cycle - ✔✔Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit,
means of transmission, portal of entry and susceptible host.
✔✔classification of bacteria - ✔✔Spherical (cocci), rod shaped (bacilli), corkscrew
shaped (spirochetes)
Gram positive or gram negative—based on reaction to Gram stain
Aerobic or anaerobic—based on need for oxygen
✔✔common portals of entry - ✔✔The urinary, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts
and the skin
✔✔common portals of exit - ✔✔respiratory, GI, genitourinary tracts, breaks in skin,
blood and tissue
✔✔factors affecting host susceptibility. - ✔✔1) intact skin & mucous membranes
2) normal pH levels
3) body's WBCs
4) Age, sex, race, hereditary factors
5) immunization, natural or acquired
6) fatigue, climate, nutritional & general health status.
, 7) Stress
9) Health status
8) Use of invasive or indwelling medical devices.
✔✔Labratory Data indicating infection - ✔✔elevated WBC count, increase in other
WBC's, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, prescience of pathogen (in blood,
urine, sputum, or draining cultures)
✔✔cardinal signs of acute infection - ✔✔redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function
✔✔When you should wash your hands - ✔✔- before patient contact
- before aseptic task
- after body fluid exposure risk
- after patient contact
- after contact with patient surroundings
✔✔HAI - ✔✔hospital acquired infection
✔✔Sites for HAI's - ✔✔urinary system, pneumonia, surgical site, bloodstream
✔✔four categories responsible for HAI's - ✔✔Catheter-associated urinary tract infection
(CAUTI)
Surgical site infection (SSI)
Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
✔✔multi-drug resistant bacteria - ✔✔MRSA, VRE, C-DIFF, ESBL, CRE/KPC,
Acinetobacter baumannii, VISA, VRSA
✔✔risk factors for VRE - ✔✔compromised immune system, recent surgery, invasive
devices, prolonged antibiotic use, prolonged hospitalization
✔✔CDC Recommendations to Prevent C. difficile infection (CDI) - ✔✔- meticulous hand
hygiene
- one patient instrument use (stethoscope, BP cuff, thermometer)
- using PPE
- patients in private rooms, maybe cohort patients with the same infection
- environmental contamination of rooms
- educating health care providers, patients/patient families
- using antimicrobials when indicated and at appropriate dose
✔✔Body's defense against infection - ✔✔normal flora, inflammatory response, immune
response
✔✔aseptic technique - ✔✔A procedure performed under sterile conditions.
