WITH SOLUTIONS 2025 GRADED A+
✔✔scarlet fever - ✔✔Group A strep illness, bright red rash covers most of body
✔✔Carotenemia - ✔✔yellowing of the skin that results from excess beta-carotene/Vit A
in the body
✔✔Cutaneous fungal infections - ✔✔Ringworm and Athlete's foot Fungus grows on
keratin in skin
✔✔-Cephalocaudally
-Proximodistally - ✔✔Development occurs cephalocaudally (head to toe) and
proximodistally (trunk to extremities)
✔✔Preschool children can jump off step - ✔✔12 inches high
✔✔when can kids sit in the front seat? - ✔✔13
✔✔Booster Seat until - ✔✔8 years old, 80 pounds
✔✔Precocious Puberty Girls - ✔✔for caucasian girls before 7, african american before
6yo. May be caused by pituitary tumor
✔✔Precocious Puberty Boys - ✔✔Development of secondary sexual characteristics
before the age of 9. May be caused by pituitary tumor
✔✔Delayed puberty may be caused by - ✔✔lack of gonadotropins (pituitary gland)
✔✔Shortest time period you can give HBV vaccines - ✔✔6 months
✔✔Paiget - ✔✔cognitive development
✔✔Ericson - ✔✔psychosocial
✔✔Kohlberg - ✔✔Moral development (preconventional - concern of self, conventional -
rules to be good person, postconventional - rules for the good of all of us)
✔✔Erikson Psychosocial Stages - ✔✔1-3Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, 3-6Initiative
vs. Guilt, 6-11 Industry vs. Interiority, 12-17 Identify vs. Role Confusion
✔✔Piaget's stages of cognitive development - ✔✔2-7 preoperational (world revolves
around them, one thing at a time, fairies), 7-11 concrete operational (can use logic,
group objects), 11 and older - formal operational (abstract thought, predict outcomes)
, ✔✔When does moral development begin? - ✔✔age 9
✔✔When do kids first lose teeth - ✔✔age 6. Perm teeth in by 12
✔✔earliest normal puberty - ✔✔8 years old
✔✔When does puberty start for boys - ✔✔age 11. Sperm devp around age 13 before
growth spurt and pub hair
✔✔Apical pulse location - ✔✔Mid-clavicular
Over 7 yo Fifth intercostal space and it is called PMI- point of maximum impulse (4th
intercostal space under 7yo)
✔✔What to document for murmur - ✔✔rhythm, rate quality of sound
✔✔Normal HR - ✔✔Up to 8 75-115
8-11 70-110
teens 60-100
Book says 6-10 yo 65-125. Just remember higher for younger child
✔✔Respiratory Rate - ✔✔3-7yo 20-25
8-11 yo. 14-22
over 12 12-20
Or remember average 15-20
✔✔Which arm for BP - ✔✔1. Dominant first
2. other arm
3. Use highest BP arm next time
✔✔Blood Pressure - ✔✔3yo 90/40
7yo 97/57
11 104/61
teens 113/64
✔✔Retake BP how often if abnormal with HA, flushing, weak pulse, bounding pulse,
pallor, dizziness - ✔✔5 min
✔✔Bell of stethoscope is used for - ✔✔soft, low-pitched sounds
✔✔McKinney-Vento Act - ✔✔the nation's first law to provide assistance to homeless
persons, including free public education for children. School stability (can remain in