,CHAPTER 1: Psychology Is a Way of Thinking
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES R
Learning Objective 1.1: Articulate how the roles of consumers and producers of psychological research are
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similar and how they differ.
R R R R
Learning Objective 1.2: Explain how theories and data interact to form empirical inquiry.
R R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.3: Identify examples of basic and applied research and describe the interactions betwe
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
en the two kinds of research.
R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.4: Describe the role of the peer-review process in science.
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.5: Give examples of ways that researchers dig deeper by doing more than just one stu
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dy on a research question.
R R R R
Learning Objective 1.6: Describe the differences between empirical journals and popular journalism; describ
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e the goals of each format and give examples of ways that journalists can write better stories about scientific
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R
news.
MULTIPLE CHOICE R
1. Which of the following is an example of being a producer of research?
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a. Administering an anxiety questionnaire R R R
b. Applying a new therapy technique R R R R
c. Writing an opinion article about a psychological study
R R R R R R R
d. Undergoing a brain scan R R R
ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Producer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Understanding
2. Which of the following is an example of being a consumer of research?
R R R R R R R R R R R R
a. Administering a questionnaire of PTSD symptoms R R R R R
b. Consenting to participate in a research study R R R R R R
c. Attending a psychological conference R R R
d. Measuring dopamine levels in patients with schizophrenia
R R R R R R
ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Consumer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Applying
,3.
Students who are interested in being consumers of, but not producers of, research might choose whic
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
h of the following professions?
R R R R
a. A clinical psychologist
R R
b. An intervention program evaluator
R R R
c. A political pollster
R R
d. An advertising executive
R R
ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Consumer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Analyzing
4.
Dr. Smitherman insists that all his research assistants know how to be producers of research. All of the
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R
following relate to this requirement EXCEPT:
R R R R R
a. He wants to make sure they understand how to write in APA style.
R R R R R R R R R R R R
b. He wants to make sure they understand why anonymity is important.
R R R R R R R R R R
c. He wants to make sure they understand how to interpret study results and graphs.
R R R R R R R R R R R R R
d. He wants to make sure they have previously been participants in research studies.
R R R R R R R R R R R R
ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Consumer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Understanding
5.
Elliott is double majoring in English and psychology. He plans on being a high school English teacher
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
and is only majoring in psychology because he finds the classes interesting. Which of the following is an
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
important reason for him to be a good consumer of research?
R R R R R R R R R R
a. His psychology advisor may ask for his help in copy-editing a research article.
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b. He will likely need to be a participant in research studies as part of his psychology major.
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
c. He will probably want to read research related to enhancing his teaching.
R R R R R R R R R R R
d. He will have to produce research before he can consume it.
R R R R R R R R R R
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Consumer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Applying
6. In the theory-data cycle, theories first lead to
R R R R R R R R
.
a. questions
b. answers
, c. data
d. research
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: R
1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.2 R R
MSC: Understanding
7. Another word for hypothesis is a(n)
R R R R R R
.
a. theory
b. observation
c. prediction
d. outcome
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: R
1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.2 R R
MSC: Remembering
8. Another word for data is a(n) R R R R R R
.
a. theory
b. observation
c. prediction
d. outcome
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: R
1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.2 R R
MSC: Remembering
9.
RESEARCH STUDY 1.1: Deci and Ryan (1985, 2001) have proposed that there are three fundamenta
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
l needs that are required for human growth and fulfillment: relatedness, autonomy, and competence. Sus
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
an predicts that students who have these needs met in their psychology class feel happier and more sati
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
sfied with the class. She collects data and finds that students who feel more related and competent do fe
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
el happier but that feeling more autonomous does not seem to matter. Susan thinks that maybe autonom
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
y is only necessary when people are in situations in which they are not being evaluated.
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Deci and Ryan‘s general statement of how the three needs are related to growth and fulfillment is an e
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
xample of which of the following?
R R R R R
a. A theory R
b. A hypothesis R
c. Data
d. Research
R R R R R R R
LEARNING OBJECTIVES R
Learning Objective 1.1: Articulate how the roles of consumers and producers of psychological research are
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
similar and how they differ.
R R R R
Learning Objective 1.2: Explain how theories and data interact to form empirical inquiry.
R R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.3: Identify examples of basic and applied research and describe the interactions betwe
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
en the two kinds of research.
R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.4: Describe the role of the peer-review process in science.
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.5: Give examples of ways that researchers dig deeper by doing more than just one stu
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
dy on a research question.
R R R R
Learning Objective 1.6: Describe the differences between empirical journals and popular journalism; describ
R R R R R R R R R R R R
e the goals of each format and give examples of ways that journalists can write better stories about scientific
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R
news.
MULTIPLE CHOICE R
1. Which of the following is an example of being a producer of research?
R R R R R R R R R R R R
a. Administering an anxiety questionnaire R R R
b. Applying a new therapy technique R R R R
c. Writing an opinion article about a psychological study
R R R R R R R
d. Undergoing a brain scan R R R
ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Producer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Understanding
2. Which of the following is an example of being a consumer of research?
R R R R R R R R R R R R
a. Administering a questionnaire of PTSD symptoms R R R R R
b. Consenting to participate in a research study R R R R R R
c. Attending a psychological conference R R R
d. Measuring dopamine levels in patients with schizophrenia
R R R R R R
ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Consumer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Applying
,3.
Students who are interested in being consumers of, but not producers of, research might choose whic
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
h of the following professions?
R R R R
a. A clinical psychologist
R R
b. An intervention program evaluator
R R R
c. A political pollster
R R
d. An advertising executive
R R
ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Consumer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Analyzing
4.
Dr. Smitherman insists that all his research assistants know how to be producers of research. All of the
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
R
following relate to this requirement EXCEPT:
R R R R R
a. He wants to make sure they understand how to write in APA style.
R R R R R R R R R R R R
b. He wants to make sure they understand why anonymity is important.
R R R R R R R R R R
c. He wants to make sure they understand how to interpret study results and graphs.
R R R R R R R R R R R R R
d. He wants to make sure they have previously been participants in research studies.
R R R R R R R R R R R R
ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Consumer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Understanding
5.
Elliott is double majoring in English and psychology. He plans on being a high school English teacher
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
and is only majoring in psychology because he finds the classes interesting. Which of the following is an
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
important reason for him to be a good consumer of research?
R R R R R R R R R R
a. His psychology advisor may ask for his help in copy-editing a research article.
R R R R R R R R R R R R
b. He will likely need to be a participant in research studies as part of his psychology major.
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
c. He will probably want to read research related to enhancing his teaching.
R R R R R R R R R R R
d. He will have to produce research before he can consume it.
R R R R R R R R R R
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: R
1.1 Research Producers, Research Consumers: Why the Consumer Role Is Important OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.1 R R
MSC: Applying
6. In the theory-data cycle, theories first lead to
R R R R R R R R
.
a. questions
b. answers
, c. data
d. research
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: R
1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.2 R R
MSC: Understanding
7. Another word for hypothesis is a(n)
R R R R R R
.
a. theory
b. observation
c. prediction
d. outcome
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: R
1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.2 R R
MSC: Remembering
8. Another word for data is a(n) R R R R R R
.
a. theory
b. observation
c. prediction
d. outcome
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: R
1.2 How Scientists Approach Their Work: Scientists Test Theories: The Theory-Data Cycle OBJ:
R R R R R R R R R R R R
Learning Objective 1.2 R R
MSC: Remembering
9.
RESEARCH STUDY 1.1: Deci and Ryan (1985, 2001) have proposed that there are three fundamenta
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
l needs that are required for human growth and fulfillment: relatedness, autonomy, and competence. Sus
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
an predicts that students who have these needs met in their psychology class feel happier and more sati
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
sfied with the class. She collects data and finds that students who feel more related and competent do fe
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
el happier but that feeling more autonomous does not seem to matter. Susan thinks that maybe autonom
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
y is only necessary when people are in situations in which they are not being evaluated.
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Deci and Ryan‘s general statement of how the three needs are related to growth and fulfillment is an e
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
xample of which of the following?
R R R R R
a. A theory R
b. A hypothesis R
c. Data
d. Research
