What is Learning?
- Key terms
- Learning
- Relatively enduring change in behavior or thinking that results from experiences
- Habituation
- Basic form of learning evident when an organism does not respond as strongly or
As often to an event following multiple exposures to it.
- Stimulus
- Event or occurrence that generally leads to a response
- Three types of learning
- Classical conditioning
- Two different stimuli are associated
- Operant conditioning
- Connections between behaviors and consequences are made
- Observational learning
- Learning occurs by watching and imitating others
Classical Conditioning
- Pavlov
- Initially, Pavlov’s dogs associated food with his assistant’s footsteps
- Pavlov then conditioned his dogs to salivate in response to auditory stimuli,
Such as bells, tones, and ticking metronomes.
- A metronome is a device that musicians often use to maintain tempo
, - Neural stimulus
- Stimulus that does not cause a relevant automatic or reflexive response
- Classical conditioning
- Learning process in which two stimuli become associated with each other
When an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to elicit an involuntary response
- Acquisition
- The initial learning phase in both classical and operant conditioning
- Nuts and bolts of classical conditioning
- Stimulus generalization
- After an association is forged between the conditioned stimulus and the
Conditional response, the learner often responds to similar stimuli as if they are.
The original conditioned response
- Stimulus discrimination
- The ability to differentiate between a particular conditioned stimulus and other
Significantly different stimuli are stimulus differentiation.
- Extinction
- If the conditioned stimulus is presented time and again without being
Accompanied by the unconditioned stimulus, the association may face.
- The conditioned response decreases and eventually disappears in a process
Called extinction.
- Spontaneous recovery
- With presentation of a conditioned stimulus after a rest period, the conditioned
- Key terms
- Learning
- Relatively enduring change in behavior or thinking that results from experiences
- Habituation
- Basic form of learning evident when an organism does not respond as strongly or
As often to an event following multiple exposures to it.
- Stimulus
- Event or occurrence that generally leads to a response
- Three types of learning
- Classical conditioning
- Two different stimuli are associated
- Operant conditioning
- Connections between behaviors and consequences are made
- Observational learning
- Learning occurs by watching and imitating others
Classical Conditioning
- Pavlov
- Initially, Pavlov’s dogs associated food with his assistant’s footsteps
- Pavlov then conditioned his dogs to salivate in response to auditory stimuli,
Such as bells, tones, and ticking metronomes.
- A metronome is a device that musicians often use to maintain tempo
, - Neural stimulus
- Stimulus that does not cause a relevant automatic or reflexive response
- Classical conditioning
- Learning process in which two stimuli become associated with each other
When an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to elicit an involuntary response
- Acquisition
- The initial learning phase in both classical and operant conditioning
- Nuts and bolts of classical conditioning
- Stimulus generalization
- After an association is forged between the conditioned stimulus and the
Conditional response, the learner often responds to similar stimuli as if they are.
The original conditioned response
- Stimulus discrimination
- The ability to differentiate between a particular conditioned stimulus and other
Significantly different stimuli are stimulus differentiation.
- Extinction
- If the conditioned stimulus is presented time and again without being
Accompanied by the unconditioned stimulus, the association may face.
- The conditioned response decreases and eventually disappears in a process
Called extinction.
- Spontaneous recovery
- With presentation of a conditioned stimulus after a rest period, the conditioned
