HPEX 310 EXAM 3
Cardiovascular Disease correct answers-Any disease that affects the
heart or blood vessels
-Leading cause of death
-17+ million deaths per year
-Expected to rise to 23+ million by 2030
CVD in the US correct answers-#1 cause of death in the USA
-Accounts for nearly 1 out of every 3 deaths
-~86 Million Americans have some form of CVD
-~787,000 people die annually fro CV disorders
-Estimates of lost wages, medical expenses, and other related costs
exceeded $480 billion in 2015
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) correct answers- aka Artery Disease
- Often associated w/ heart attacks
Arteriosclerosis correct answersGroup of diseases characterized by a
narrowing and/or hardening of arteries
Atherosclerosis correct answersSpecial type of arteriosclerosis that results in
an arterial blockage from a build up of fatty deposits (plaque)
Rupture or progression of atherosclerosis (plaque) correct
answersdecreases blood flow and results in tissue death!
-Heart Attack - in heart
-Stroke - in brain
-Pulmonary Embolism - in lungs
Recognizing a heart attack correct answers-Pain/discomfort in chest, neck,
jaw, arms (angina
-Shortness of breath at rest or with mild exertion (dyspnea)
-Dizziness or syncope (lack of oxygen to brain)
-Orthopnea (laying down) or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (cannot get
any air)
-Ankle edema (swelling in ankle)
-Palpitations or tachycardia
-Intermittent claudication
-Known heart murmur
-Unusual fatigue or shortness of breath w/ usual activities
Non-modifiable Risk Factors for CVD correct answers-Age
-Family History
, Modifiable correct answers-Cigarette smoking
-Physical inactivity
-Obesity
-Hypertension
-Dyslipidemia
-Diabetes
Hypertension correct answers-Systolic BP > 130
-Diastolic BP > 80
- >130/80 used to be 140/90
-46% of US Adults have this
-"The Silent Killer"
Normal Blood Pressure correct answers-Systolic BP < 120
-Diastolic BP < 80
- <120/80
Why is Hypertension bad? correct answersIf have high amounts of
pressure in your arteries there will be damage in arteries wall ripping it
to shreds allowing plaques to enter
(athleriosclerosis)
Causes of Hypertension correct answers-Genetics
-Sodium
-Obesity
-Stress
Dietary approach to stop HTN correct answersDASH Diet:
<1500 mg "The Silent Killer" correct answers-Hypertension
-If you have it you don't know you have it and it doesn't
show any symptoms
Dyslipidemia correct answers-Altered Cholesterol
Profile HDL-c correct answers-Good
-Balances out the fat by bringing it to the liver to
break it down
-Too LITTLE is BAD for health; 40 mg/dL
-Normal; 40-60 mg/dL
-HIGH is GOOD for health; >60 mg/dL
LDL-c correct answers-Bad
-Attaches more fat and cholesterol to arteries
- <130 mg/dL = Desirable
- >130 mg/dL = Increased risk for CVD
Cardiovascular Disease correct answers-Any disease that affects the
heart or blood vessels
-Leading cause of death
-17+ million deaths per year
-Expected to rise to 23+ million by 2030
CVD in the US correct answers-#1 cause of death in the USA
-Accounts for nearly 1 out of every 3 deaths
-~86 Million Americans have some form of CVD
-~787,000 people die annually fro CV disorders
-Estimates of lost wages, medical expenses, and other related costs
exceeded $480 billion in 2015
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) correct answers- aka Artery Disease
- Often associated w/ heart attacks
Arteriosclerosis correct answersGroup of diseases characterized by a
narrowing and/or hardening of arteries
Atherosclerosis correct answersSpecial type of arteriosclerosis that results in
an arterial blockage from a build up of fatty deposits (plaque)
Rupture or progression of atherosclerosis (plaque) correct
answersdecreases blood flow and results in tissue death!
-Heart Attack - in heart
-Stroke - in brain
-Pulmonary Embolism - in lungs
Recognizing a heart attack correct answers-Pain/discomfort in chest, neck,
jaw, arms (angina
-Shortness of breath at rest or with mild exertion (dyspnea)
-Dizziness or syncope (lack of oxygen to brain)
-Orthopnea (laying down) or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (cannot get
any air)
-Ankle edema (swelling in ankle)
-Palpitations or tachycardia
-Intermittent claudication
-Known heart murmur
-Unusual fatigue or shortness of breath w/ usual activities
Non-modifiable Risk Factors for CVD correct answers-Age
-Family History
, Modifiable correct answers-Cigarette smoking
-Physical inactivity
-Obesity
-Hypertension
-Dyslipidemia
-Diabetes
Hypertension correct answers-Systolic BP > 130
-Diastolic BP > 80
- >130/80 used to be 140/90
-46% of US Adults have this
-"The Silent Killer"
Normal Blood Pressure correct answers-Systolic BP < 120
-Diastolic BP < 80
- <120/80
Why is Hypertension bad? correct answersIf have high amounts of
pressure in your arteries there will be damage in arteries wall ripping it
to shreds allowing plaques to enter
(athleriosclerosis)
Causes of Hypertension correct answers-Genetics
-Sodium
-Obesity
-Stress
Dietary approach to stop HTN correct answersDASH Diet:
<1500 mg "The Silent Killer" correct answers-Hypertension
-If you have it you don't know you have it and it doesn't
show any symptoms
Dyslipidemia correct answers-Altered Cholesterol
Profile HDL-c correct answers-Good
-Balances out the fat by bringing it to the liver to
break it down
-Too LITTLE is BAD for health; 40 mg/dL
-Normal; 40-60 mg/dL
-HIGH is GOOD for health; >60 mg/dL
LDL-c correct answers-Bad
-Attaches more fat and cholesterol to arteries
- <130 mg/dL = Desirable
- >130 mg/dL = Increased risk for CVD
