NU 545-UNIT 1 EXAM Q&A
Myasthenia Gravis - Answer-neuromuscular disorder caused by an autoimmune
response in which antibodies to acetylcholine receptors impair neuromuscular
transmissions: exertional fatigue and weakness that worsens with activity and recurring
upper respiratory infections.
Metabolic Absorption - Answer-One of the eight chief cellular functions - cells taking in
and using nutrients and other substances from their surroundings-
Perixisomes - Answer-microbodies which are membrane-bound organelles that contain
several oxidative enzymes- Contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces hydrogen peroxide
Lysosomes - Answer-released during cell injury and is capable of cellular
autodigestion-- Also where lipids accumulate
Nucleolus - Answer-small, dense structure composed largely of RNA most of the
cellular DNA and the DNA-binding proteins, the histones, that regulate its active tu
Nucleus - Answer-cell division and control of genetic information
Lipids and Proteins - Answer-the major chemical components of the cell membrane
Platelet-derived growth factor - Answer-Stimulates the production of connective tissue
cells and neuroglial cells
Cell Communication - Answer-maintains homeostasis and regulates growth, division,
developments and organization into tissues. Also coordinates functions. It occurs in 3
ways
Chemical Signaling - Answer-Communication at a distance
Paracrine signaling - Answer-secrete mediators that are absorbed or destroyed
Autocrine signaling - Answer-produce signals that they themselves respond to
Hormonal signaling - Answer-endocrine cells secrete hormones to produce response in
another set of cells
Neurohormonal signaling - Answer-hormones released by neurosecretory neurons
Active Transport - Answer-Movement of substance across a membrane by carrier
protein that requires expenditure of energy for activation. Only occurs across living
membranes. Receptors must recognize and bind with the substance to be transported
Myasthenia Gravis - Answer-neuromuscular disorder caused by an autoimmune
response in which antibodies to acetylcholine receptors impair neuromuscular
transmissions: exertional fatigue and weakness that worsens with activity and recurring
upper respiratory infections.
Metabolic Absorption - Answer-One of the eight chief cellular functions - cells taking in
and using nutrients and other substances from their surroundings-
Perixisomes - Answer-microbodies which are membrane-bound organelles that contain
several oxidative enzymes- Contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces hydrogen peroxide
Lysosomes - Answer-released during cell injury and is capable of cellular
autodigestion-- Also where lipids accumulate
Nucleolus - Answer-small, dense structure composed largely of RNA most of the
cellular DNA and the DNA-binding proteins, the histones, that regulate its active tu
Nucleus - Answer-cell division and control of genetic information
Lipids and Proteins - Answer-the major chemical components of the cell membrane
Platelet-derived growth factor - Answer-Stimulates the production of connective tissue
cells and neuroglial cells
Cell Communication - Answer-maintains homeostasis and regulates growth, division,
developments and organization into tissues. Also coordinates functions. It occurs in 3
ways
Chemical Signaling - Answer-Communication at a distance
Paracrine signaling - Answer-secrete mediators that are absorbed or destroyed
Autocrine signaling - Answer-produce signals that they themselves respond to
Hormonal signaling - Answer-endocrine cells secrete hormones to produce response in
another set of cells
Neurohormonal signaling - Answer-hormones released by neurosecretory neurons
Active Transport - Answer-Movement of substance across a membrane by carrier
protein that requires expenditure of energy for activation. Only occurs across living
membranes. Receptors must recognize and bind with the substance to be transported
