AP Computer Science Principles
Vocabulary
Abstraction - ANS-At a basic degree, abstraction is the method of "disposing of detail."
Allows for massive troubles to be feasibly solved.
Algorithm - ANS-At its middle, an algorithm is actually just a generalized, conceptual solution
to a trouble which can later be applied in some actual-global shape like a computer
application.
Ambiguous - ANS-Describes a declaration whose specific that means may be interpreted in
specific ways. For example, "The female saw a person at the hill with a telescope"
Anomaly Detection - ANS-The identity of uncommon facts information, that is probably
exciting or surely information mistakes and require in addition research.
Application Program Interface - ANS-Application application interface (API) is a set of
workouts, protocols, and tools for building software program applications. An API specifies
how software additives need to have interaction. In addition, APIs are used when
programming graphical person interface (GUI) additives.
Application Program Interface (API) - ANS-Simplify complicated programming
responsibilities via supplying builders the constructing blocks vital to interface with an current
surroundings or other software additives.
Artificial Programming Language - ANS-An artificial language that's mainly designed for
programming; commonly advanced exceedingly quickly by using small organizations for very
unique functions and is surprisingly dependent.
ASCII - ANS-This ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) desk
outlines a common set of conventions set up for changing among binary values and
alphanumeric characters.
Association Rule Learning - ANS-Searches for relationships between variables. For
instance, a supermarket might gather facts on consumer buying conduct. Using association
rule getting to know, the grocery store can determine which merchandise are often offered
collectively and use this information for advertising purposes. This is every now and then
called market basket analysis.
Association Rule Mining - ANS-An association rule is a link between one set of objects and
any other. Specifically, association rules become aware of instances wherein the advent of
one set objects (the antecedent) suggest that another set of items (the consequent) will also
seem.
Asymmetric Relationship - ANS-These relationships are one-manner, requiring action via
simplest one celebration to create the connection. Such as following someone on Twitter or
subscribing on YouTube.
Authentication - ANS-The process of figuring out whether or not a person or some thing is, in
fact, who or what it is declared to be.
Automated Summarization - ANS-A computer program produces a shortened version of a
selected body of text
, Autonomous Technology - ANS-Technology which is capable of performing movements and
making selections with out user enter. Raises moral alternatives about which choice is
correct consisting of self riding automobiles.
Availability - ANS-The reliability of access to records.
Backdoors - ANS-Used to get right of entry to programs through administrators however can
be observed by way of hackers with malicious cause.
Bandwith - ANS-A measure of bit rate — the quantity of records (measured in bits) that may
be sent in a set amount of time.
Big Data - ANS-A vast time period for datasets so big or complicated that traditional records
processing programs are inadequate.
Binary - ANS-A numeric machine of base 2 that simplest uses combinations of the digits
zero and one; that is used in one of the lowest levels of abstraction. Computers operate in
binary, as they keep information and perform calculations using simplest zeros and ones.
While a unmarried binary digit can be used to symbolize True (1) or False (0) in boolean
logic, a couple of binary digits may be used in conjunction to shop big numbers and perform
complex features. Computers translate between binary and what you clearly paintings with
consisting of numbers and textual content.
Binary - ANS-Binary code is every other instance of a dichotomous courting. Binary code is
represented with the 2 symbols 1 and 0. In binary code, if some thing isn't always 1 then it
should be zero and vice versa. An example of what binary code seems like is 10110. Unlike
the alphabet, which makes use of the characters A—Z or decimal numbers, which use the
digits zero—9, binary uses handiest 1s and 0s to represent some thing. These 1s and 0s are
called bits (short for binary digits), and they may be foundational to virtual computing.
Binary Search - ANS-A seek algorithm that locates the position of a goal fee inside a looked
after array via again and again dividing the hunt c programming language in 1/2; can
handiest be used while the listing is looked after. Because of its divide-and-overcome
technique, the quantity of work required to discover an object grows lots extra slowly with
Binary Search than with Sequential Search. In fact, with this logarithmic conduct
Bits: Binary Digits - ANS-A bit (quick for binary digit) is the smallest unit of statistics in a pc.
A bit has a unmarried binary fee, either zero or 1.
Bluetooth - ANS-Another wireless connectivity protocol supposed especially as a
peer-to-peer connection among two near-range gadgets. The protocol specifies approaches
for 2 gadgets to be "paired" with one another which will securely alternate records over the
air, without the want for a bodily connection.
Boolean Function* - ANS-Any feature primarily based at the operations AND, OR, and NOT,
and whose factors are from the domain of Boolean algebra. A function whose arguments, in
addition to the feature itself, anticipate values from a two-element set (normally zero,1)
Botnets - ANS-Networks made up of remotely controlled computer systems infected with
malware; one pc can manipulate they all. Important to display community utilization, your
laptop might be a part of one.
Bubble Sort - ANS-Continuously steps through the listing, swapping objects until they seem
in the precise order. Algorithm starts at the start of the records set, compares the primary
factors, and if the first is extra that the second, it swaps them. It continues doing this for each
pair of adjoining factors to the end of the statistics set. It then begins once more with the
primary two elements, repeating until no swaps have befell at the ultimate skip.
Bugs/Errors - ANS-Sometimes the design of the algorithm is defective, main to a application
that misperforms. Other instances, the algorithm is sound, however the software fails to
Vocabulary
Abstraction - ANS-At a basic degree, abstraction is the method of "disposing of detail."
Allows for massive troubles to be feasibly solved.
Algorithm - ANS-At its middle, an algorithm is actually just a generalized, conceptual solution
to a trouble which can later be applied in some actual-global shape like a computer
application.
Ambiguous - ANS-Describes a declaration whose specific that means may be interpreted in
specific ways. For example, "The female saw a person at the hill with a telescope"
Anomaly Detection - ANS-The identity of uncommon facts information, that is probably
exciting or surely information mistakes and require in addition research.
Application Program Interface - ANS-Application application interface (API) is a set of
workouts, protocols, and tools for building software program applications. An API specifies
how software additives need to have interaction. In addition, APIs are used when
programming graphical person interface (GUI) additives.
Application Program Interface (API) - ANS-Simplify complicated programming
responsibilities via supplying builders the constructing blocks vital to interface with an current
surroundings or other software additives.
Artificial Programming Language - ANS-An artificial language that's mainly designed for
programming; commonly advanced exceedingly quickly by using small organizations for very
unique functions and is surprisingly dependent.
ASCII - ANS-This ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) desk
outlines a common set of conventions set up for changing among binary values and
alphanumeric characters.
Association Rule Learning - ANS-Searches for relationships between variables. For
instance, a supermarket might gather facts on consumer buying conduct. Using association
rule getting to know, the grocery store can determine which merchandise are often offered
collectively and use this information for advertising purposes. This is every now and then
called market basket analysis.
Association Rule Mining - ANS-An association rule is a link between one set of objects and
any other. Specifically, association rules become aware of instances wherein the advent of
one set objects (the antecedent) suggest that another set of items (the consequent) will also
seem.
Asymmetric Relationship - ANS-These relationships are one-manner, requiring action via
simplest one celebration to create the connection. Such as following someone on Twitter or
subscribing on YouTube.
Authentication - ANS-The process of figuring out whether or not a person or some thing is, in
fact, who or what it is declared to be.
Automated Summarization - ANS-A computer program produces a shortened version of a
selected body of text
, Autonomous Technology - ANS-Technology which is capable of performing movements and
making selections with out user enter. Raises moral alternatives about which choice is
correct consisting of self riding automobiles.
Availability - ANS-The reliability of access to records.
Backdoors - ANS-Used to get right of entry to programs through administrators however can
be observed by way of hackers with malicious cause.
Bandwith - ANS-A measure of bit rate — the quantity of records (measured in bits) that may
be sent in a set amount of time.
Big Data - ANS-A vast time period for datasets so big or complicated that traditional records
processing programs are inadequate.
Binary - ANS-A numeric machine of base 2 that simplest uses combinations of the digits
zero and one; that is used in one of the lowest levels of abstraction. Computers operate in
binary, as they keep information and perform calculations using simplest zeros and ones.
While a unmarried binary digit can be used to symbolize True (1) or False (0) in boolean
logic, a couple of binary digits may be used in conjunction to shop big numbers and perform
complex features. Computers translate between binary and what you clearly paintings with
consisting of numbers and textual content.
Binary - ANS-Binary code is every other instance of a dichotomous courting. Binary code is
represented with the 2 symbols 1 and 0. In binary code, if some thing isn't always 1 then it
should be zero and vice versa. An example of what binary code seems like is 10110. Unlike
the alphabet, which makes use of the characters A—Z or decimal numbers, which use the
digits zero—9, binary uses handiest 1s and 0s to represent some thing. These 1s and 0s are
called bits (short for binary digits), and they may be foundational to virtual computing.
Binary Search - ANS-A seek algorithm that locates the position of a goal fee inside a looked
after array via again and again dividing the hunt c programming language in 1/2; can
handiest be used while the listing is looked after. Because of its divide-and-overcome
technique, the quantity of work required to discover an object grows lots extra slowly with
Binary Search than with Sequential Search. In fact, with this logarithmic conduct
Bits: Binary Digits - ANS-A bit (quick for binary digit) is the smallest unit of statistics in a pc.
A bit has a unmarried binary fee, either zero or 1.
Bluetooth - ANS-Another wireless connectivity protocol supposed especially as a
peer-to-peer connection among two near-range gadgets. The protocol specifies approaches
for 2 gadgets to be "paired" with one another which will securely alternate records over the
air, without the want for a bodily connection.
Boolean Function* - ANS-Any feature primarily based at the operations AND, OR, and NOT,
and whose factors are from the domain of Boolean algebra. A function whose arguments, in
addition to the feature itself, anticipate values from a two-element set (normally zero,1)
Botnets - ANS-Networks made up of remotely controlled computer systems infected with
malware; one pc can manipulate they all. Important to display community utilization, your
laptop might be a part of one.
Bubble Sort - ANS-Continuously steps through the listing, swapping objects until they seem
in the precise order. Algorithm starts at the start of the records set, compares the primary
factors, and if the first is extra that the second, it swaps them. It continues doing this for each
pair of adjoining factors to the end of the statistics set. It then begins once more with the
primary two elements, repeating until no swaps have befell at the ultimate skip.
Bugs/Errors - ANS-Sometimes the design of the algorithm is defective, main to a application
that misperforms. Other instances, the algorithm is sound, however the software fails to
