Obesity & Weight Management Final Exam
What were the USPSTF guidelines for adults with regard to the most effective behavioral
counseling interventions? - ANS -Behavioral counseling interventions found to be the most
effective & have highest adherence rates include:
Weight-loss goals=5% of TBW
Moderate intensity=12-24 weeks with >/=12 sessions in first year (include core support &
maintenance phase)
Multicomponent delivery
Target multiple behaviors
Interventionists
Tools to support weight loss or weight loss maintenance
Skills to support weight loss/maintenance (goal setting)
What are the steps to the 5 A's Model? - ANS -Basis for the 5 A's Model
Assess, Advise, Agree, Assist, Arrange
Current primary care management & screening of obesity is insufficient
Psychosocial issues, SDOHs, & comorbidities associated w treatment failure are not being
sufficiently addressed
A multidisciplinary team, not a single HCP, is needed to help patients lose weights & maintain
their weight loss
With regard to healthy eating, what are the 4 main goals recommended by the IOM? - ANS
-Promote breastfeeding
Ensure access to nutritious foods
Create a healthful eating environment
Help adults increase children's healthy eating
What type of risk assessment, screening tests and interventions does the US Preventative
Services Task Force recommend for children and adolescents 6 years of age and older? - ANS
-All children & adolescents are at risk for obesity & should be screened
Screening tests = BMI measurement using height & weight
Interventions = comprehensive, intensive behavioral interventions of more than 26 contract
hours resulted in weight loss (includes sessions w parent & child, providing info about healthy
eating, safe exercising, reading food labels)
How does self-efficacy impact motivation? What factors to you measure when assessing
self-efficacy? - ANS -Self-efficacy drives motivation & readiness to change
Self-efficacy = individual's confidence they can engage in & sustain a health behavior even in
the face of dynamic & challenging environmental factors
, Assessing: have they ever had successful attempts at weight management? how do family,
friends, & co-workers influence choices/motivation? Do they have readily available resources for
weight management therapy?
How do you enhance motivation to enhance success? (Implies you understand the types of
motivation discussed, how motivation impacts the value of change and how to leverage that):
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS effecting motivation - ANS -Internal Locus of Control = person's
perception that personal outcomes are determined by personal actions; reflects autonomy &
competence; people who have an internal locus of control are more resilient, have better
self-control, higher self-efficacy, are more intrinsically motivated
External Locus of Control = person's perception that personal outcomes are determined by
other people's actions, external circumstances, or chance - reflects relatedness; people with
external locus of control are less resilient, less self-control, lower self-efficacy, are more
extrinsically motivated
How do you enhance motivation to enhance success? (Implies you understand the types of
motivation discussed, how motivation impacts the value of change and how to leverage that):
TYPES OF MOTIVATION - ANS -Intrinsic Motivation = motivation that comes from personal
factors (the enjoyment of the healthy behavior itself; healthy behavior is seen as connected to
personal beliefs & core values); people who are intrinsically motivated are not necessarily
influenced by environmental factors or external rewards
Extrinsic Motivation = motivation that comes from environmental factors (the healthy behavior
itself is not seen as enjoyable; healthy behavior is seen as connected to social acceptance
and/or environmental expectations); people who are extrinsically motivated are more influenced
by environmental factors or external rewards
How do you enhance motivation to enhance success? (Implies you understand the types of
motivation discussed, how motivation impacts the value of change and how to leverage that):
MOTIVATION & VALUE OF CHANGE - ANS -Outcome Expectations = when an individual
places high value on a given outcome or end result; if expectations are highly values, then
motivation will increase once the outcome is achieved
Outcome Expectancies = when an individual places high value on performing a given behavior
regardless of the outcome or end result; if expectancies are highly values, then motivation will
be high throughout the process of change
How do you enhance motivation to enhance success? (Implies you understand the types of
motivation discussed, how motivation impacts the value of change and how to leverage that):
ENHANCING MOTIVATION TO ENHANCE SUCCESS - ANS -To leverage outcome
expectations, set small, achievable weight management goals
Target a behavior the patient is highly motivated to change; set realistic goal(s) 1 behavior at a
time; monitor progress & assist patients
To leverage outcome expectancies, help the patient connect the positive outcomes of the
behavior itself to their core values as often as possible: prevention/management of
co-morbidities, enhanced QoL, etc.
What were the USPSTF guidelines for adults with regard to the most effective behavioral
counseling interventions? - ANS -Behavioral counseling interventions found to be the most
effective & have highest adherence rates include:
Weight-loss goals=5% of TBW
Moderate intensity=12-24 weeks with >/=12 sessions in first year (include core support &
maintenance phase)
Multicomponent delivery
Target multiple behaviors
Interventionists
Tools to support weight loss or weight loss maintenance
Skills to support weight loss/maintenance (goal setting)
What are the steps to the 5 A's Model? - ANS -Basis for the 5 A's Model
Assess, Advise, Agree, Assist, Arrange
Current primary care management & screening of obesity is insufficient
Psychosocial issues, SDOHs, & comorbidities associated w treatment failure are not being
sufficiently addressed
A multidisciplinary team, not a single HCP, is needed to help patients lose weights & maintain
their weight loss
With regard to healthy eating, what are the 4 main goals recommended by the IOM? - ANS
-Promote breastfeeding
Ensure access to nutritious foods
Create a healthful eating environment
Help adults increase children's healthy eating
What type of risk assessment, screening tests and interventions does the US Preventative
Services Task Force recommend for children and adolescents 6 years of age and older? - ANS
-All children & adolescents are at risk for obesity & should be screened
Screening tests = BMI measurement using height & weight
Interventions = comprehensive, intensive behavioral interventions of more than 26 contract
hours resulted in weight loss (includes sessions w parent & child, providing info about healthy
eating, safe exercising, reading food labels)
How does self-efficacy impact motivation? What factors to you measure when assessing
self-efficacy? - ANS -Self-efficacy drives motivation & readiness to change
Self-efficacy = individual's confidence they can engage in & sustain a health behavior even in
the face of dynamic & challenging environmental factors
, Assessing: have they ever had successful attempts at weight management? how do family,
friends, & co-workers influence choices/motivation? Do they have readily available resources for
weight management therapy?
How do you enhance motivation to enhance success? (Implies you understand the types of
motivation discussed, how motivation impacts the value of change and how to leverage that):
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS effecting motivation - ANS -Internal Locus of Control = person's
perception that personal outcomes are determined by personal actions; reflects autonomy &
competence; people who have an internal locus of control are more resilient, have better
self-control, higher self-efficacy, are more intrinsically motivated
External Locus of Control = person's perception that personal outcomes are determined by
other people's actions, external circumstances, or chance - reflects relatedness; people with
external locus of control are less resilient, less self-control, lower self-efficacy, are more
extrinsically motivated
How do you enhance motivation to enhance success? (Implies you understand the types of
motivation discussed, how motivation impacts the value of change and how to leverage that):
TYPES OF MOTIVATION - ANS -Intrinsic Motivation = motivation that comes from personal
factors (the enjoyment of the healthy behavior itself; healthy behavior is seen as connected to
personal beliefs & core values); people who are intrinsically motivated are not necessarily
influenced by environmental factors or external rewards
Extrinsic Motivation = motivation that comes from environmental factors (the healthy behavior
itself is not seen as enjoyable; healthy behavior is seen as connected to social acceptance
and/or environmental expectations); people who are extrinsically motivated are more influenced
by environmental factors or external rewards
How do you enhance motivation to enhance success? (Implies you understand the types of
motivation discussed, how motivation impacts the value of change and how to leverage that):
MOTIVATION & VALUE OF CHANGE - ANS -Outcome Expectations = when an individual
places high value on a given outcome or end result; if expectations are highly values, then
motivation will increase once the outcome is achieved
Outcome Expectancies = when an individual places high value on performing a given behavior
regardless of the outcome or end result; if expectancies are highly values, then motivation will
be high throughout the process of change
How do you enhance motivation to enhance success? (Implies you understand the types of
motivation discussed, how motivation impacts the value of change and how to leverage that):
ENHANCING MOTIVATION TO ENHANCE SUCCESS - ANS -To leverage outcome
expectations, set small, achievable weight management goals
Target a behavior the patient is highly motivated to change; set realistic goal(s) 1 behavior at a
time; monitor progress & assist patients
To leverage outcome expectancies, help the patient connect the positive outcomes of the
behavior itself to their core values as often as possible: prevention/management of
co-morbidities, enhanced QoL, etc.
