Test Bank For Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology, 5th Edition By Tommie Norris |9781975107192 / Chapter 1-52 / Complete Questions and Answers A+

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,Chapter 01: Concepts of Health and Disease B B B




1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions
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B focused on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the
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following comments made by nurses during a discussion session, which
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statements would be considered a good representation of the WHO definition?
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Select all that apply.
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A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book
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reviews and word games during social time
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B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care
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B facilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with diabetes
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B mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking classes
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D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysis
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sessions
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E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children
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Answer: A, B, C, E B B B B




Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as ―a state of complete physical, mental, and
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B social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.‖ Engaging in
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B book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate
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B physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating
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B physical well-being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is
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B vital in the prevention of disease and spread of germs.
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2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large
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B variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse is
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B referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health and
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B Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which
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B would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?
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A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American
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B descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of
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B stress.

,B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to
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B hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime. B B B B B B B



C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.
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D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to many
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health care facilities.
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Answer: B B




Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using
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alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and
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B promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits); and
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promoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with good access to
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health care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control high cholesterol
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levels within the presence of a family history of CV disease does not meet the
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B ―attaining lives free of preventable disease and premature death‖ determinant.
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3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large,
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B university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation
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B between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause
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B disease. Which of the following patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences
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of molecules that cause disease?
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A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of
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packed red blood cells
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B) A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from
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B familial hypercholesterolemia B



C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
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therapy and chest physiotherapy
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D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and
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B is HIV positive.
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Answer: D B




Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease.
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B Sickle cell anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples
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B of the effects of abnormal molecules.
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, 4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of
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a number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the
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B following aspects of clients' situations best characterizes pathogenesis rather than
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B etiology?


A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
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B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
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C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
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D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
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Answer: B B




Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such
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B as the increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons,
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and traumatic injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
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5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement has
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arrived to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a review of
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B the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which statement by the
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