©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1:25PM A+
NUR 529 Exam Questions And Answers
|Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
Hyperplasia - Answer✔type of cellular adaptation.
refers to an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue.
The stimuli that induce hyperplasia may be physiologic or nonphysiologic
CELLULAR ADAPTATIONS - Answer✔Cells are able to adapt to increased work demands or
threats to survival by changing their size (atrophy and hypertrophy), number (hyperplasia), and
form (metaplasia).
Normal cellular adaptation occurs in response to an appropriate stimulus and ceases once the
need for adaptation has ceased.
Two common types of physiologic hyperplasia are - Answer✔hormonal and compensatory
hyperplasia. Breast and uterine enlargements during pregnancy are examples of a physiologic
hyperplasia that results from estrogen stimulation (hormonal). The regeneration of the liver
that occurs after partial hepatectomy (i.e., partial removal of the liver) is an example of
compensatory hyperplasia.
Most forms of non physiologic hyperplasia are due to... - Answer✔excessive hormonal
stimulation or the effects of growth factors on target tissues
2 examples of non physiologic hyperplasia - Answer✔excessive estrogen production can cause
endometrial hyperplasia and abnormal menstrual bleeding. Endometrial hyperplasia, or
"thickened endometrium," is considered a high risk for developing endometrial cancer and is a
condition that is monitored carefully.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is a common disorder of people assigned male at
birth older than 50 years of age, is related to the action of androgens
Metaplasia - Answer✔represents a reversible change in which one adult cell type (epithelial or
mesenchymal) is replaced by another adult cell type. Metaplasia is thought to involve the
1
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1:25PM A+
reprogramming of undifferentiated stem cells that are present in the tissue undergoing the
metaplastic changes
Why does metaplasia occur? - Answer✔Metaplasia usually occurs in response to chronic
irritation and inflammation, and allows for substitution of cells that are better able to survive
under circumstances in which a more fragile cell type might succumb.
Give an 2 examples of metaplasia - Answer✔An example of metaplasia is the adaptive
substitution of stratified squamous epithelial cells for the ciliated columnar epithelial cells in
the trachea and large airways of a habitual cigarette smoker.
Chronic inflammation during gastroesophageal acid reflux disease (GERD) is a primary risk
factor of Barrett esophagus (BE) and esophageal carcinogenesis. The literature defines BE as the
presence of a metaplastic columnar-lined esophagus induced by GERD.
What is displasia? - Answer✔characterized by deranged cell growth of a specific tissue that
results in cells that vary in size, shape, and organization. Minor degrees of dysplasia are
associated with chronic irritation or inflammation.
Although dysplasia is abnormal, it is adaptive in that it is potentially reversible after the
irritating cause has been removed.
Examples of Dysplasia - Answer✔Dysplasia is strongly implicated as a precursor of cancer.
In cancers of the respiratory tract and the uterine cervix, dysplastic changes have been found
adjacent to the foci of cancerous transformation. Through the use of the Papanicolaou smear, it
has been documented that cancer of the uterine cervix develops in a series of incremental
epithelial changes ranging from severe dysplasia to invasive cancer. However, dysplasia is an
adaptive process and as such does not necessarily lead to cancer
What is necrosis? - Answer✔refers to cell death in an organ or tissue that is still part of a living
organism
Necrosis differs from apoptosis because it causes loss of cell membrane integrity and enzymatic
breakdown of cell parts and triggers the inflammatory process
In contrast to apoptosis, which functions in removing cells so that new cells can replace them,
necrosis often interferes with cell replacement and tissue regeneration.
Types of necrosis - Answer✔Coagulative
Liquefactive
Caseous
2
NUR 529 Exam Questions And Answers
|Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
Hyperplasia - Answer✔type of cellular adaptation.
refers to an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue.
The stimuli that induce hyperplasia may be physiologic or nonphysiologic
CELLULAR ADAPTATIONS - Answer✔Cells are able to adapt to increased work demands or
threats to survival by changing their size (atrophy and hypertrophy), number (hyperplasia), and
form (metaplasia).
Normal cellular adaptation occurs in response to an appropriate stimulus and ceases once the
need for adaptation has ceased.
Two common types of physiologic hyperplasia are - Answer✔hormonal and compensatory
hyperplasia. Breast and uterine enlargements during pregnancy are examples of a physiologic
hyperplasia that results from estrogen stimulation (hormonal). The regeneration of the liver
that occurs after partial hepatectomy (i.e., partial removal of the liver) is an example of
compensatory hyperplasia.
Most forms of non physiologic hyperplasia are due to... - Answer✔excessive hormonal
stimulation or the effects of growth factors on target tissues
2 examples of non physiologic hyperplasia - Answer✔excessive estrogen production can cause
endometrial hyperplasia and abnormal menstrual bleeding. Endometrial hyperplasia, or
"thickened endometrium," is considered a high risk for developing endometrial cancer and is a
condition that is monitored carefully.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is a common disorder of people assigned male at
birth older than 50 years of age, is related to the action of androgens
Metaplasia - Answer✔represents a reversible change in which one adult cell type (epithelial or
mesenchymal) is replaced by another adult cell type. Metaplasia is thought to involve the
1
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1:25PM A+
reprogramming of undifferentiated stem cells that are present in the tissue undergoing the
metaplastic changes
Why does metaplasia occur? - Answer✔Metaplasia usually occurs in response to chronic
irritation and inflammation, and allows for substitution of cells that are better able to survive
under circumstances in which a more fragile cell type might succumb.
Give an 2 examples of metaplasia - Answer✔An example of metaplasia is the adaptive
substitution of stratified squamous epithelial cells for the ciliated columnar epithelial cells in
the trachea and large airways of a habitual cigarette smoker.
Chronic inflammation during gastroesophageal acid reflux disease (GERD) is a primary risk
factor of Barrett esophagus (BE) and esophageal carcinogenesis. The literature defines BE as the
presence of a metaplastic columnar-lined esophagus induced by GERD.
What is displasia? - Answer✔characterized by deranged cell growth of a specific tissue that
results in cells that vary in size, shape, and organization. Minor degrees of dysplasia are
associated with chronic irritation or inflammation.
Although dysplasia is abnormal, it is adaptive in that it is potentially reversible after the
irritating cause has been removed.
Examples of Dysplasia - Answer✔Dysplasia is strongly implicated as a precursor of cancer.
In cancers of the respiratory tract and the uterine cervix, dysplastic changes have been found
adjacent to the foci of cancerous transformation. Through the use of the Papanicolaou smear, it
has been documented that cancer of the uterine cervix develops in a series of incremental
epithelial changes ranging from severe dysplasia to invasive cancer. However, dysplasia is an
adaptive process and as such does not necessarily lead to cancer
What is necrosis? - Answer✔refers to cell death in an organ or tissue that is still part of a living
organism
Necrosis differs from apoptosis because it causes loss of cell membrane integrity and enzymatic
breakdown of cell parts and triggers the inflammatory process
In contrast to apoptosis, which functions in removing cells so that new cells can replace them,
necrosis often interferes with cell replacement and tissue regeneration.
Types of necrosis - Answer✔Coagulative
Liquefactive
Caseous
2
