,Chapter 01: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
Cherry & Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 7th Editi
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
on
MULTIPLE CHOICE Qi
1. Clara Barton is known for:
Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. becoming the first black public health nurse. Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. establishing the Henry Street Settlement. Qi Qi Qi Qi
c. founding the American Red Cross. Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. publicizing the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i C
The American Red Cross, founded by Clara Barton in 1882, assisted in efforts to continue
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
public health nursing. Qi Qi
DIF: Knowledge REF: QiQi p. 11 Qi
2. Students are assigned to write to their state leaders about an issue affecting their communi
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ty. One student writes about the need among rural community for greater access to acute
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
care services. Which of the following pieces of legislation should the student use as a ref
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
erence?
a. Social Security Act Qi Qi
b. Hill-Burton Act Qi
c. Sheppard-Towner Act Qi
d. U.S. Civil Service Act Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i B
The purpose of the Hill-
Qi Qi Qi Qi
Burton Act was to provide funding to construct hospitals and to help states in plan for other h
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ealth care facilities in accordance with the needs of communities.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Knowledge REF: QiQi p. 13 Qi
3. The practice of public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement are credited to:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. Mary Breckenridge. Qi
b. Mary Seacole. Qi
c. Clara Barton. Qi
d. Lillian Wald. Qi
ANS: Q i D
Lillian Wald, a pioneer in public health nursing, is best known for the development and esta
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
blishment of the Henry Street Settlement.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Knowledge REF: QiQi p. 6 Qi
4. Occupational health nursing features beliefs similar to those of which early nursing pioneer?
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. Lillian Wald Qi
b. Florence Nightingale Qi
c. Clara Barton Qi
d. Mary Seacole Qi
ANS: Q i A
, Lillian Wald developed the first nursing service for occupational health.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 10 Qi
5. What historical event first led to the recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing?
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. Florence Nightingale‘s acceptance of black nurses into the first nursing school
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. The contributions of black nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
in America Qi
c. Mary Seacole‘s efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. The work done by wives of wealthy black nobles who carried food and medici
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ne from house to house during the Middle Ages
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i C
Although Nightingale‘s school refused Seacole, she was able to make a difference in the C
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
rimean War and later was recognized for her efforts.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi pp. 8-9 Qi
6. World War I contributed to the advancement of health care by:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. increasing the number of private care hospitals and decreasing the role of publ
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ic health services.
Qi Qi
b. employing a large number of civilians to provide care to returning soldiers throu
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
gh the Red Cross.
Qi Qi Qi
c. introducing specialists in nursing such as nurse anesthetists. Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. increasing the number of community health nurses. Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i C
World War I offered nurses a chance to enter into new fields of specialization, as is seen in
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
the example of nurse anesthetists, who became part of surgical teams at the front lines.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 11 Qi
7. The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. increase research that focused on minority groups.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. provide medical care for chemically impaired persons.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
c. ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. decrease the public‘s financial burden by limiting services offered by local heal
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
th departments.
Qi
ANS: Q i C
By providing health insurance for older adults, the Social Security Act of 1935 set the pre
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
cedent for the passage of the Medicare and Medicaid Acts that followed in 1965, but the ac
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
t also provided maternal and child welfare services, rehabilitation for the mentally and phy
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
sically challenged, medical care for blind individuals and crippled children, and unemploy
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ment benefits. Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 12 Qi
8. A client asks the nurse, ―Can you explain Medicare, an amendment to the Social Secur
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ity Act?‖ The nurse responds that Medicare:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. led to many hospital closings, along with a decrease in acute care hospital–
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
based nursing care. Qi Qi
, b. provided medical insurance to those younger adults or children who were n
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ot eligible for private insurance because of catastrophic illnesses such as ca
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ncer.
c. provided preventive care for women, infants, and children.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. ensured that individuals ages 65 and older and those with end-
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
stage renal disease or permanent disabilities had health care insurance.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i D
The Medicare program provides hospital insurance, Part A, and medical insurance, Part B,
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
to all people ages 65 and older who are eligible to receive Social Security benefits; people
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
with total, permanent disabilities; and people with end-stage renal disease.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Q i Q i Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 14 Qi
9. A comparison of nursing in the 1980s to nursing in the 1990s reveals that:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. in the 1990s nursing experienced a significant reduction occurred in preventab
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
le diseases caused by unsafe/unhealthy lifestyles.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. tuberculosis was the primary concern for nursing in the 1980s, whereas the AI
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DS epidemic emerged and was its focus during the 1990s.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
c. a decrease in ambulatory services in the 1980s prompted an increase in publ
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ic health nurses in the 1990s.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. the demand for advanced practice nurses increased in the 1980s and the 1990s a
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
s a result of the economy and concern about the health of the nation.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i D
The numbers of advanced nurse practitioners increased as evidence of their cost-
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
effectiveness as providers of primary and preventive health care became established.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Q i Q i Comprehension REF: QiQi pp. 16-17 Qi
10. Which statement accurately describes the historical perspective of nursing practice?
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. Nursing has existed to meet the needs of populations, individuals, and aggregate
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
s by providing care that is determined by the needs and beliefs of society in diffe
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
rent historical contexts. Qi Qi
b. As men began to become interested in nursing, it changed into a respect
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ed profession based on scientific fact rather than superstition.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
c. Nursing has historically accepted individuals from all social and ethni
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
c backgrounds. Qi
d. The United States has led the way throughout history to advance nursing a
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
nd health care by providing the first hospital and medical school.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i A
Nursing has existed since biblical times to address needs ranging from contagious diseases
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
in early times to health prevention in the present time, with care based on health needs an
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d beliefs of the time.
Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 3 |pp. 18-19
Qi Qi Qi
11. The use of herbs has become a popular alternative to prescription drugs in today‘s health c
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
are milieu. During which other historical periods did health practices focus on the use of h
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
erbs?
a. Prehistoric times and the Middle Ages Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. Civil War period and World War I Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
Cherry & Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 7th Editi
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
on
MULTIPLE CHOICE Qi
1. Clara Barton is known for:
Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. becoming the first black public health nurse. Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. establishing the Henry Street Settlement. Qi Qi Qi Qi
c. founding the American Red Cross. Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. publicizing the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i C
The American Red Cross, founded by Clara Barton in 1882, assisted in efforts to continue
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
public health nursing. Qi Qi
DIF: Knowledge REF: QiQi p. 11 Qi
2. Students are assigned to write to their state leaders about an issue affecting their communi
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ty. One student writes about the need among rural community for greater access to acute
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
care services. Which of the following pieces of legislation should the student use as a ref
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
erence?
a. Social Security Act Qi Qi
b. Hill-Burton Act Qi
c. Sheppard-Towner Act Qi
d. U.S. Civil Service Act Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i B
The purpose of the Hill-
Qi Qi Qi Qi
Burton Act was to provide funding to construct hospitals and to help states in plan for other h
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ealth care facilities in accordance with the needs of communities.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Knowledge REF: QiQi p. 13 Qi
3. The practice of public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement are credited to:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. Mary Breckenridge. Qi
b. Mary Seacole. Qi
c. Clara Barton. Qi
d. Lillian Wald. Qi
ANS: Q i D
Lillian Wald, a pioneer in public health nursing, is best known for the development and esta
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
blishment of the Henry Street Settlement.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Knowledge REF: QiQi p. 6 Qi
4. Occupational health nursing features beliefs similar to those of which early nursing pioneer?
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. Lillian Wald Qi
b. Florence Nightingale Qi
c. Clara Barton Qi
d. Mary Seacole Qi
ANS: Q i A
, Lillian Wald developed the first nursing service for occupational health.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 10 Qi
5. What historical event first led to the recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing?
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. Florence Nightingale‘s acceptance of black nurses into the first nursing school
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. The contributions of black nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
in America Qi
c. Mary Seacole‘s efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. The work done by wives of wealthy black nobles who carried food and medici
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ne from house to house during the Middle Ages
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i C
Although Nightingale‘s school refused Seacole, she was able to make a difference in the C
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
rimean War and later was recognized for her efforts.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi pp. 8-9 Qi
6. World War I contributed to the advancement of health care by:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. increasing the number of private care hospitals and decreasing the role of publ
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ic health services.
Qi Qi
b. employing a large number of civilians to provide care to returning soldiers throu
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
gh the Red Cross.
Qi Qi Qi
c. introducing specialists in nursing such as nurse anesthetists. Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. increasing the number of community health nurses. Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i C
World War I offered nurses a chance to enter into new fields of specialization, as is seen in
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
the example of nurse anesthetists, who became part of surgical teams at the front lines.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 11 Qi
7. The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. increase research that focused on minority groups.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. provide medical care for chemically impaired persons.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
c. ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. decrease the public‘s financial burden by limiting services offered by local heal
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
th departments.
Qi
ANS: Q i C
By providing health insurance for older adults, the Social Security Act of 1935 set the pre
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
cedent for the passage of the Medicare and Medicaid Acts that followed in 1965, but the ac
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
t also provided maternal and child welfare services, rehabilitation for the mentally and phy
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
sically challenged, medical care for blind individuals and crippled children, and unemploy
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ment benefits. Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 12 Qi
8. A client asks the nurse, ―Can you explain Medicare, an amendment to the Social Secur
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ity Act?‖ The nurse responds that Medicare:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. led to many hospital closings, along with a decrease in acute care hospital–
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
based nursing care. Qi Qi
, b. provided medical insurance to those younger adults or children who were n
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ot eligible for private insurance because of catastrophic illnesses such as ca
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ncer.
c. provided preventive care for women, infants, and children.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. ensured that individuals ages 65 and older and those with end-
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
stage renal disease or permanent disabilities had health care insurance.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i D
The Medicare program provides hospital insurance, Part A, and medical insurance, Part B,
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
to all people ages 65 and older who are eligible to receive Social Security benefits; people
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
with total, permanent disabilities; and people with end-stage renal disease.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Q i Q i Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 14 Qi
9. A comparison of nursing in the 1980s to nursing in the 1990s reveals that:
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. in the 1990s nursing experienced a significant reduction occurred in preventab
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
le diseases caused by unsafe/unhealthy lifestyles.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. tuberculosis was the primary concern for nursing in the 1980s, whereas the AI
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DS epidemic emerged and was its focus during the 1990s.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
c. a decrease in ambulatory services in the 1980s prompted an increase in publ
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ic health nurses in the 1990s.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d. the demand for advanced practice nurses increased in the 1980s and the 1990s a
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
s a result of the economy and concern about the health of the nation.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i D
The numbers of advanced nurse practitioners increased as evidence of their cost-
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
effectiveness as providers of primary and preventive health care became established.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Q i Q i Comprehension REF: QiQi pp. 16-17 Qi
10. Which statement accurately describes the historical perspective of nursing practice?
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
a. Nursing has existed to meet the needs of populations, individuals, and aggregate
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
s by providing care that is determined by the needs and beliefs of society in diffe
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
rent historical contexts. Qi Qi
b. As men began to become interested in nursing, it changed into a respect
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ed profession based on scientific fact rather than superstition.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
c. Nursing has historically accepted individuals from all social and ethni
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
c backgrounds. Qi
d. The United States has led the way throughout history to advance nursing a
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
nd health care by providing the first hospital and medical school.
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
ANS: Q i A
Nursing has existed since biblical times to address needs ranging from contagious diseases
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
in early times to health prevention in the present time, with care based on health needs an
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
d beliefs of the time.
Qi Qi Qi Qi
DIF: Comprehension REF: QiQi p. 3 |pp. 18-19
Qi Qi Qi
11. The use of herbs has become a popular alternative to prescription drugs in today‘s health c
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
are milieu. During which other historical periods did health practices focus on the use of h
Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
erbs?
a. Prehistoric times and the Middle Ages Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
b. Civil War period and World War I Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi
